M Abdus Sobhan

Conceptual framework for introducing e-governance in university administration

With emergence of technology and growing demand of the society, e-Governance became a key issue and developed nations started adopting it to better serve their citizens through efficient and effective services, with accountability and transparency. When appropriately applied, e-Governance can effectively ensure the well being of a university, too. The underlying goals for adopting e-Governance practices are to ensure improved quality in disseminating education and administration, conforming to regulations as per the university statutes and acts. In this paper, the authors attempt to propose a conceptual e-Governance framework for universities and benchmark it.

Wavelet denoising spproach using fourth order moment to remove wireless random noise

Wavelet transform is used in signal processing to represent a statistical random signal in to various frequency components. The transform converts the signal into approximation coefficient and detail coefficients; the mean of each coefficient for a noiseless signal is ideally zero but the mean of the coefficients for a noisy signal is shifted from zero. The noise of a wireless channel can be reduced by using filter, equalizer, and antennal diversity techniques. The design complexity of filter and equalizer is increased with the data rate. Antenna diversity technique requires a comprehensive knowledge of channel property. In communication system of 3G, 4G and beyond, noise reduction is one of the main factors to cater for the high data rate. The thresholding of wavelet transform reduces the noise and interference at an acceptable level. Various denoising techniques have been proposed in recent work. The denoising approach using fourth order moments provides better signal reconstruction through a noisy channl among them. Fourth order moment-based denoising technique has been modified in this paper to obtain better result through a multipath fading channel. The simulation results show that our modified technique provides about 21% improvement of BER performance, compared to those in the literature.

A Novel Technique for Transmission of M-Ary Signal through Wireless Fading Channel Using Wavelet Denoising

The paper proposes a novel technique for reducing noise in M-ary signal transmission through wireless fading channel using wavelet denoising that play the key role. The paper also explains that the conventional threshold-based technique is not capable of denoising M-ary quadrature amplitude modulated (M-QAM) signals having multilevel wavelet coefficients through wireless fading channels. A detailed step by step wavelet decomposition and reconstruction processes are discussed here to transform a signal function into wavelet coefficients using simulation software like MATLAB. A 16-QAM modulated symbol through a Rician fading channel is weighted by a control variable of complex form to force the mean of each detail coefficient except low frequency component to zero to enhance noiseless property. The bit error rate (BER) performance of the simulation results are furnished to show the effectiveness of the proposed technique. The root mean square of the deviation of the reconstruct signal from the original signal is used to express the effectiveness of the proposed technique. The traditional denoising provides very high value (above 90%) of the percentage root mean square difference (PDR) and the proposed technique provides only 10% PDR value for the symbol through a noisy channel. The result of the simulation study reveals that the BER performance can be increased using an appropriate control variable to force the mean of each detail coefficient to zero.

An Efficient Beamforming Technique in WiMAX

The next generation broadband wireless communication offers all types of services at very low cost at any time and at any where basis using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access Technology. The transmitted signal is distorted by channel noise and interference from other sources causing bit error. Diversity is a technology to reduce both the effects of channel noise and interference. The diversity technique is used in the two previously mentioned techniques to send data through a fading channel at a high symbol rate. Beamforming technique is used to direct a signal to a particular direction. Recently, it is used in the aforementioned second technique to transmit data at a very high rate with low bit error probability. In this paper, we propose an alternative beamforming algorithm in this second technique to obtain better bit error rate performance for a multi-path fading channel, compared to results reported in earlier work The simulation results of the proposed algorithm also show expected performance.

Design of Future Software Defined Radio (SDR) for All-IP Heterogeneous Network

The software defined radio (SDR) is the heart of the 4G mobile communication to access any network at any time basis. The different wireless networks such as cellular, codeless, wireless local area network (WLAN) having different band of frequency requires individual software to access any call. The SDR device requires more antennas and low noise amplifier (LNA) because it is impossible for single antenna and single band pass filter to operate at all the frequency bands. Large number of antennas, filter and amplifier increased the size of the device. The SDR scan the available network and download the required software from WLAN, memory card, PC server etc. The downloading creates some problem, such as the limited download speed and its reliability. In this paper, the authors study the architecture of SDR based on the recently proposed CI-OFDM multiplexing technique to operate all networks in a particular band-width. We also find the interference among different CI channels of the same and different networks. Finally, we discuss the calling procedure between one user of one network and another user under another network using IP address.

Multiplexing Technique for All-IP 4G Heterogeneous Network

Fourth generation mobile systems and services will mainly be characterized by a horizontal communication model, where different access technologies such as cellular, cordless, wireless local area network, short-range connectivity, and wired systems will be combined on a common platform to complement each other optimally for different service requirements and radio environments. To access different wireless networks, multimode user terminals are essential. The most promising way of implementing multimodal user terminals are to adopt the software radio approach. In this article, the authors find the complexity through establishing 4G Heterogeneous network and discuss over the recently developed multiplexing technique to access all IP based networks.

Grid/cloud-based e-Governance of higher education institutes and perception thereof: Bangladesh perspective

The strategic objective of e-Governance is to support and simplify governance for Government, People and Businesses. With immergence of technology and growing demand of the society, if appropriately applied, Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) can also leverage the benefit of e-Governance by collaborative resource sharing and service-usage through grid and cloud computing. The underlying goals for adopting e-Governance practices are to ensure improved quality in disseminating education and administration; establish dynamic and need-based communication with various internal, external and peer entities; and conforming to regulations. Grid and cloud can be two candidate frameworks for HEIs governance, which will potentially lower the cost of governance solutions and provide better services. In this paper, the authors propose grid and cloud based e-Governance frameworks for Bangladeshi HEIs. Also a survey is conducted to find perception of various stakeholders about grid and cloud based e-Governance.

Time-frequency representation of a signal through non-stationary multipath fading channel

Spectral analysis is only applicable to stationary signals and most of the real signals in many practical applications are non-stationary. Time-frequency methods are applied to analyze non-stationary signals and this paper presents different time-frequency methods to analyze a modulated random signal through a multi-path fading channel with emphasis on time-varying power spectra. Short-time Fourier transform (STFT) divides the full time interval signal into a number of small intervals and is not useful for analyzing signal to determine frequency contents of a time varying voltage spectra. Wigner-Ville distribution (WVD) is the most popular time-frequency energy distributions to develop time-frequency plane for estimation and detection of non-stationary process. The objective of this paper is to analyze time-frequency relationship of a non-stationary amplitude varying fading channel. In this paper, STFT and WVD are applied to the time varying non-stationary multipath fading channel to analyze time-frequency contents. The result shows that WVD provides better time-frequency relationship than that obtained by Fourier transform, and the analysis procedure will be used in future to analyze time-frequency relationship of amplitude varying non-stationary channel using Wavelet transform.

Developing a Novel Beamforming Technique in Antenna Diversity~!2009-06-23~!2009-11-05~!2010-02-02~!

The transmitted symbol is affected by the channel noise and diversity is an efficient method to reduce the noise and interference. Recently, the channel noise is cancelled by using a novel beamforming technique, where the transmitted symbols are weighted and the same weighting vectors are used at the receiver. In this paper, the authors use the proposed beamforming technique in antenna diversity to eliminate the channel noise and interference. The authors also compute the bit error rate (BER) performance for different diversity combiner and the result shows that the proposed beamforming algorithm with transmit diversity provide better BER performance than usual antenna diversity.

OPM: an initiative of ICT project and overall technical, managerial and policy making experience

A survey to determine the extent to which senior government officials would like to implement e-governance could be interesting. While most government officials will instantly reply affirmatively in favor of implementing e-governance, actual implementation experience contradicts this intention. From practical experience, we may conclude that only a few officers really want the successful implementation of e-governance. A reason for this fear by senior officials particularly in governments that lack transparency is that transparency is at the core of e-governance. In this paper we present OPM (Online Procurement Management) system, the challenges faced during its implementation and the way the project overcame these challenges. This paper could serve as good guideline for implementing ICT projects in general as it does not only address technical issues but also prescribe recommendations from the policy perspective.