M. Akyurt

Recovery and utilization of waste heat

Abstract A review of waste heat recovery and utilization is presented. The potential for re-using the otherwise wasted heat in different branches of industry is discussed. Traditional and new ways to recover the discharged heat from industrial equipment are illustrated. It is concluded that there exist numerous opportunities for recuperating and using waste heat.

Combined cycles with gas turbine engines

Abstract Simple cycle gas turbine engines suffer from limited efficiencies and consequential dominance of fuel prices on generation costs. Combined cycles, however, exploit the waste heat from exhaust gases to boost power output, resulting in overall efficiencies around 50%, which are significantly above those of steam power plants. This paper reviews various types of combined cycles, including repowering, integrated gasification and other advanced systems.

Modeling of waste heat recovery by looped water-in-steel heat pipes

Abstract Modeling and simulation of a water-in-steel heat pipe heat recovery system is undertaken in this paper. The heat recovery system consists of a looped two-phase thermosyphon that receives heat from the stack of a gas turbine engine and delivers it to the generator of an NH3H20 absorption chiller. Variations in the operating temperature as well as evaporator geometry are investigated, and the consequences on system effectiveness are studied. It is concluded that the model for the water-in-steel looped thermosyphon overcomes drawbacks of the water-in-copper thermosyphon, and that the steel system is simpler in design, lower in cost, and more competent in performance.

Modeling and simulation of combined gas turbine engine and heat pipe system for waste heat recovery and utilization

The results of a modeling and simulation study are presented for a combined system consisting of a gas turbine engine, a heat pipe recovery system and an inlet-air cooling system. The presentation covers performance data related to the gas turbine engine with precooled air intake as coupled to the water-in-copper heat pipe recovery system. This is done by matching the two mathematical models. The net power output is improved by 11% when the gas turbine engine is supplied with cold air produced by the heat-pipe recovery and utilization system. It is further concluded from the results produced by the combined mathematical model that the thermal efficiency of the gas turbine engine rises to 6% at 75% part load. It is to be anticipated that this rising trend in increases of thermal efficiency of the gas turbine engine would continue for operations at other (lower) part load conditions.

Cogeneration with gas turbine engines

Abstract Cogeneration, simply, is the generation of energy for one process from the excess energy supplied to another process. Cogeneration, then, is nothing more than an economically sound method for the conservation of resources [1]. Thus, the benefits from the use of cogeneration may be cited as energy conservation, environmental improvement and financial attractiveness to investors. In the near future energy efficiency must no longer be a choice, but a commitment—hence the timely importance of this review.

Experimental performance of a waste heat recovery and utilization system with a looped water-in-steel heat pipe

Abstract An experimental facility is described for the recovery, by means of heat-pipes, of waste-heat from exhaust gases, and the utilization of the recovered energy to cool ambient air. To this end, heat of combustion gases, generated in a stainless-steel combustion chamber, is recovered from the stack by means of a heat-pipe system. The recovered heat is utilized to run a modified commercial aqua-ammonia absorption chiller. Chilled water from the chiller is supplied to a fan-coil type cooling tunnel to cool the intake air of a (conceptual) gas turbine engine to boost its performance. It is concluded from test results that the experimental facility performs well, and that it behaves as predicted by modeling and simulation studies. The system is able to extract between 70 and 93% of the technically recoverable energy from exhaust gases, and utilizes the extracted energy to cool air.

Heat Exchangers for Waste-Heat Recovery

A survey is made of the equipment used for heat recovery and utilization. Types and merits of commonly employed heat exchangers are presented, and criteria for selecting heat exchangers are summarized. Applications for waste heat recovery are emphasized. It is concluded that careful selection and operation of such equipment would be expected to result in energy savings as well as problem-free operation.

Waste heat recovery using looped heat pipes for air cooling

Abstract A scheme is described for the recovery of waste heat from stacks of gas turbine engines and the utilization of recovered energy for the cooling of ambient air. Relationships are summarized for the modeling of components of the cooling system. Samples are presented from performance data that is predicted by the model. Effect of size and design of system components, as well as operational variables on system performance, are discussed. It is concluded that the single most significant variable in the design of the looped heat-pipe recovery and utilization system is the geometry of the exhaust pipe of the gas turbine engine. Accordingly it is suggested that a design for the exhaust pipe of a gas turbine must consider the effects of (a) the variation of velocity of exhaust gases at different exhaust inlet temperatures, and the consequent pressure drops in the exhaust chimney pipe, and (b) the length of the exhaust pipe. The latter essentially determines the length of the heat pipe evaporator. Furthermore, the temperature drop through the air cooler is also significant, since this also influences system performance.