M. C. Ruiz-Sánchez
Spanish National Research Council
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Featured researches published by M. C. Ruiz-Sánchez.
Irrigation Science | 1996
R. Domingo; M. C. Ruiz-Sánchez; María Jesús Sánchez-Blanco; A. Torrecillas
Fino lemon trees (Citrus limon L. Burm. fil.) on sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.), growing on a low water retention capacity soil, were submitted to three different irrigation treatments over four years: 100% ETc all year (T-0), 25% ETc all year except during the rapid fruit growth period when 100% ETc was applied (T-1) and 100% ETc all year, except during the rapid fruit growth period when 70% ETc was applied (T-2). A water saving of 30 and 20% was achieved in the T-1 and T-2 treatments, respectively. The plant responses to irrigation treatments were similar in all the years studied. Leaf water potential decreased during deficit irrigation periods in T-1 and T-2 treatments. Larger differences were found in values taken at predawn (ψpd) than at midday (ψmd), indicating thatψpd is a more useful indicator of plant water status. There was neither osmotic nor elastic adjustment in response to deficit irrigation treatment. A clear separation between the main periods of shoot and fruit growth was found, which can be considered an advantageous characteristic in applying regulated deficit irrigation strategies. Onset of the critical period of rapid fruit growth could be determined precisely by considering the decrease in relative fruit growth rate values. T-2 treatment did not induce a significant reduction in total yield, but it caused a delay in reaching marketable lemon fruit size. T-1 treatment did not affect total yield, with a reduction in yield on the first pick occurring in only one year. Chemical characteristics of lemon fruit were not significantly modified by irrigation treatment.
Plant Science | 2000
M. C. Ruiz-Sánchez; R. Domingo; A. Torrecillas; Alejandro Pérez‐Pastor
The effect of water stress preconditioning was studied in 1-year-old apricot plants (Prunus armeniaca L., cv. Búlida). Plants were submitted to different treatments, T-0 (control treatment) and T-1, drip irrigated daily; T-2 and T-3, irrigated daily at 50% and 25% of T-0, respectively; T-4 and T-5, irrigated to field capacity every 3 and 6 days, respectively. After 30 days, irrigation was withheld for 10 days, maintaining the T-0 treatment irrigated daily. After this period, the plants were re-irrigated to run-off and treated as control treatment. The stomatal closure and epinasty observed in response to water stress represented adaptive mechanisms to drought, allowing the plants to regulate water loss more effectively and prevent leaf heating. A substantial reduction in the irrigation water supplied combined with a high frequency of application (T-3 treatment) promoted plant hardening; the plants enduring drought better, due to their greater osmotic adjustment (0.77 MPa), which prevented severe plant dehydration and leaf abscission. Such a preconditioning treatment may be valuable for young apricot plants in the nursery stage in order to improve their subsequent resistance to drought. A 50% reduction in daily irrigation (T-2 treatment) did not significantly affect either gas exchange rates or leaf turgor, which suggests that water should be applied frequently if deficit irrigation is to be implemented.
Scientia Horticulturae | 2000
A. Torrecillas; Rafael Domingo; R Galego; M. C. Ruiz-Sánchez
Drip-irrigated Bulida apricot trees (Prunus armeniaca L.) on Real Fino apricot rootstock were submitted, for 4 consecutive years, to water stress by withholding irrigation at different phenological periods: during the period of flowering-fruit set which lasted around 1 month (T-1 treatment); during stages I + II of fruit growth (including the initial exponential phase and the lag phase of the double-sigmoid curve), which lasted around 2 months (T-2 treatment); during stage III of fruit growth (second exponential phase) lasting around 1 month (T-3 treatment); immediately after harvest for one and a half months (T-4 treatment); and for 2 months during late postharvest, immediately following the T-4 treatment (T-5 treatment). These stress treatments were compared with a control treatment (T-0), irrigated throughout the year and receiving an amount of water equivalent to 100% of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) demand. The greatest reduction in volumetric soil water content, leaf water potential and leaf conductance with respect to the control values was observed in plants from T-4 and T-5 treatments. A clear distinction could be made between the main periods of shoot and fruit growth in apricot trees, which may be considered an advantageous characteristic for the application of deficit irrigation. Trunk circumference growth and canopy shaded area were unaffected by irrigation treatments. Stressed fruits from the T-2 treatment had a lower diameter during the water stress period, although they showed a compensatory growth rate after irrigation, reaching a similar size to fruits from the control treatment at harvest. Two critical periods for withholding irrigation were found. The first corresponded to the second rapid fruit growth period (T-3 treatment), in which the water stress induced a reduction in yield due to a smaller fruit size at harvest. In addition, fruits from this treatment ripened earlier. The second critical period was immediately postharvest (T-4 treatment), in which water stress induced a significant decrease in fruit yield the following year, due to an increase in young fruit drop which lead to a lower final fruit set.
Biologia Plantarum | 1997
M. C. Ruiz-Sánchez; R. Domingo; R. Savé; C. Biel; A. Torrecillas
Potted two-year-old lemon plants (Citrus limon (L.) Burm. fil.) cv. Fino, growing under field conditions were subjected to drought by withholding irrigation for 13 d. After that, plants were re-irrigated and the recovery was studied for 5 d. Control plants were daily irrigated maintaining the soil matric potential at about -30 kPa. Young leaves of control plants presented higher leaf conductance (g1) and lower midday leaf water potential (Ψmd) than mature ones. Young leaves also showed higher leaf water potential at the turgor loss point (Ψtlp) than mature leaves. In both leaf types g1 decreased with increased vapour pressure deficit of the atmosphere. From day 1 of the withholding water, predawn and midday leaf water potentials (Ψpd and Ψmd) decreased, reaching in both cases minimum values of -5.5 MPa, with no significant differences between mature and young leaves. Water stress induced stomatal closure, leaf rolling and partial defoliation. No osmotic adjustment was found in response to water stress in either leaf type, but both were able to enhance the cell wall elasticity (elastic adjustment). After rewatering, leaf water potential recovered quickly (within 2 d) but g1 did not.
Journal of Plant Physiology | 2002
Rafael Domingo; A. Pérez-Pastor; M. C. Ruiz-Sánchez
The authors are grateful to Dr Pedro Rodriguez from INCA (La Habana, Cuba) for help with the root hydraulic conductivity measurements. The study was supported by CICYT (HID1999-0951; AGL2000-0387-C05-04) grants to the authors.
Plant Science | 1996
M. C. Ruiz-Sánchez; R. Domingo; Donaldo Morales; A. Torrecillas
Abstract Potted two-year-old Fino lemon plants ( Citrus limon (L.) Burm. fil.) grafted on two different rootstocks: sour orange ( C. aurantium ) (SO), and C. macrophylla (CM) were submitted to two different treatments: non-flooded (control) and flooded for 8 days, under field conditions. Lemon/CM plants had lower plant plus soil resistance to water flow ( R (p+s) ) values for both treatments. The decrease in leaf water potential (Ψ l ) and leaf turgor potential (Ψ p ) values, observed in the last part of the flooding period, in both flooded scion/rootstock combinations, can be related to the increase in the resistance to water flow. The maintenance in Ψ l and Ψ p values in flooded plants at values similar to those of the control plants, at the beginning of the flooding period and during the recovery period, can be ascribed to the stomatal control observed (decrease in leaf conductance ( g 1 ) values). The later g 1 recovery in lemon/CM than in lemon/SO flooded plants, could explain the lower vegetative growth of lemon/CM plants by flooding effect. The observed g 1 response to soil flooding suggested that porometry is a reliable indicator of the altered behaviour caused by flooding in lemon plant.
Plant and Soil | 1988
A. Torrecillas; M. C. Ruiz-Sánchez; F.M. del Amor; A. Leon
Almond plants (Amygdalus communis L.) of the Garrigues variety were grown in the field drip irrigated and rainfed. Leaf water potential (Ψ) and leaf conductance (g1) were determined throughout one growing season. Pre-dawn measurement for Ψ in the irrigated treatment was consistent through the growing season, whereas in the rainfed treatment it decreased gradually. Ψ values at midday (Ψ minimum) was closely dependent on atmospheric evaporative demand, and their recovery was quicker in the wet treatment than in the dry. The g1 values were higher in the wet than dry treatments, decreasing in both cases by leaf ageing. Maximum values for g1 were reached when evaporative demand was highest in the day. The relationship between Ψ and g1 revealed a decrease in the hysteresis throughout the growing season, being most marked in the dry treatment. The results highlight the close dependence of Ψ and g1 on evaporative demand, leaf ageing and irrigtion treatment during the growing season.
The Journal of Agricultural Science | 1999
A. Torrecillas; R. Galego; A. Pérez-Pastor; M. C. Ruiz-Sánchez
The authors are grateful to J. Soto-Montesinos, M.D. Velasco, M. Garcia and E. Nicolas for their assistance. The study was supported by CICYT (AMB95- 0071) and Consejeria de Medio Ambiente, Agricultura y Agua de Murcia grants to the authors.
The Journal of horticultural science | 1989
A. Torrecillas; M. C. Ruiz-Sánchez; Agathe León; F. Del Amor
SummaryThree-year-old almond trees were drip-irrigated for five years at four different levels related to Class A pan evaporation. The initial coefficients of evaporation were increased at the beginning of each year in accordance with the increase of per cent shaded ground area. Water stress levels, yields and vegetative development of the trees were recorded annually. The driest treatment produced a high level of water stress, which reduced yield and tree size (trunk cross-section and canopy area). The per cent kernel and kernel size were unaffected by the amount of water applied. Yield, canopy area and irrigation were closely correlated. The more heavily watered treatments were less productive per unit of water applied, possibly owing to greater transpiration rates.
Biologia Plantarum | 2001
O. Sam; M. Núñez; M. C. Ruiz-Sánchez; J. Dell'Amico; V. Falcón; M.C. De la Rosa; J. Seoane
The ultrastructure of tomato leaf disks treated with a biostimulator (0.01 mg dm−3 BB6, brassinosteroid analogue from Cuba), and subjected to high temperature (40 °C for 1.5 h) was studied. High temperature stress caused the appearance of granules in the nucleus, nucleolus and cytoplasm. In chloroplasts and in mitochondria the internal membrane system was disorganised and in chloroplasts some starch granules were detected. These symptoms were more marked in the cells treated with BB6. The influence of BB6 on the ultrastructure of leaf cells was apparent also before being subjected to heat stress.