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EPL | 2011

First measurement of the total proton-proton cross-section at the LHC energy of \chem{\sqrt{s} = 7\,TeV}

G. Antchev; P. Aspell; I. Atanassov; V. Avati; J. Baechler; V. Berardi; M. Berretti; E. Bossini; M. Bozzo; P. Brogi; E. Brucken; A. Buzzo; F. S. Cafagna; M. Calicchio; M. G. Catanesi; C. E. Covault; T. Csörgő; M. Deile; K. Eggert; V. Eremin; R. Ferretti; F. Ferro; A. Fiergolski; F. Garcia; S. Gianì; V. Greco; L. Grzanka; J. Heino; T. E. Hilden; M. R. Intonti

TOTEM has measured the differential cross-section for elastic proton-proton scattering at the LHC energy of analysing data from a short run with dedicated large-β* optics. A single exponential fit with a slope B=(20.1±0.2stat±0.3syst)u2009GeV−2 describes the range of the four-momentum transfer squared |t| from 0.02 to 0.33u2009GeV2. After the extrapolation to |t|=0, a total elastic scattering cross-section of (24.8±0.2stat±1.2syst)u2009mb was obtained. Applying the optical theorem and using the luminosity measurement from CMS, a total proton-proton cross-section of (98.3±0.2stat±2.8syst)u2009mb was deduced which is in good agreement with the expectation from the overall fit of previously measured data over a large range of center-of-mass energies. From the total and elastic pp cross-section measurements, an inelastic pp cross-section of was inferred.


EPL | 2013

Measurement of proton-proton elastic scattering and total cross-section at \chem{\sqrt {s} = 7\,TeV}

G. Antchev; P. Aspell; I. Atanassov; V. Avati; J. Baechler; V. Berardi; M. Berretti; E. Bossini; M. Bozzo; P. Brogi; E. Brucken; A. Buzzo; F. S. Cafagna; M. Calicchio; M. G. Catanesi; C. E. Covault; M. Csanád; T. Csörgő; M. Deile; K. Eggert; V. Eremin; R. Ferretti; F. Ferro; A. Fiergolski; F. Garcia; S. Gianì; V. Greco; L. Grzanka; J. Heino; T. E. Hilden

At the LHC energy of , under various beam and background conditions, luminosities, and Roman Pot positions, TOTEM has measured the differential cross-section for proton-proton elastic scattering as a function of the four-momentum transfer squared t. The results of the different analyses are in excellent agreement demonstrating no sizeable dependence on the beam conditions. Due to the very close approach of the Roman Pot detectors to the beam center (?5?beam) in a dedicated run with ?*?=?90?m, |t|-values down to 5?10?3?GeV2 were reached. The exponential slope of the differential elastic cross-section in this newly explored |t|-region remained unchanged and thus an exponential fit with only one constant B?=?(19.9???0.3)?GeV?2 over the large |t|-range from 0.005 to 0.2?GeV2 describes the differential distribution well. The high precision of the measurement and the large fit range lead to an error on the slope parameter B which is remarkably small compared to previous experiments. It allows a precise extrapolation over the non-visible cross-section (only 9%) to t?=?0. With the luminosity from CMS, the elastic cross-section was determined to be (25.4???1.1)?mb, and using in addition the optical theorem, the total pp cross-section was derived to be (98.6???2.2)?mb. For model comparisons the t-distributions are tabulated including the large |t|-range of the previous measurement (TOTEM Collaboration (Antchev G. et al), EPL, 95 (2011) 41001).


EPL | 2011

Proton-proton elastic scattering at the LHC energy of \chem{\sqrt{s} = 7\,TeV}

G. Antchev; P. Aspell; I. Atanassov; V. Avati; J. Baechler; V. Berardi; M. Berretti; M. Bozzo; E. Brucken; A. Buzzo; F. S. Cafagna; M. Calicchio; M. G. Catanesi; C. E. Covault; M. Csanád; T. Csörgo; M. Deile; E. Dimovasili; M. Doubek; K. Eggert; V. Eremin; F. Ferro; A. Fiergolski; F. Garcia; S. Gianì; V. Greco; L. Grzanka; J. Heino; T. E. Hilden; M. Janda

Proton-proton elastic scattering has been measured by the TOTEM experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider at √ s = 7 TeV in dedicated runs with the Roman Pot detectors placed as close as seven times the transverse beam size (σbeam) from the outgoing beams. After careful study of the accelerator optics and the detector alignment, |t|, the square of four-momentum transferred in the elastic scattering process, has been determined with an uncertainty of δt = 0.1 GeV p |t|. In this letter, first results of the differential cross-section are presented covering a |t|-range from 0.36 to 2.5 GeV 2 . The differential cross-section in the range 0.36 < |t| < 0.47 GeV 2 is described by an exponential with a slope parameter B =( 23.6 ± 0.5 stat ± 0.4 syst )G eV −2 , followed by a significant diffractive minimum at |t| =( 0.53 ± 0.01 stat ± 0.01 syst )G eV 2 .F or|t|-values larger than ∼ 1. 5G eV 2 , the cross-section exhibits a power law behaviour with an exponent of −7.8 ± 0.3 stat ± 0.1 syst . When compared to predictions based on the different available models, the data show a strong discriminative power despite the small t-range covered. open access Copyright c EPLA, 2011


EPL | 2013

Luminosity-independent measurements of total, elastic and inelastic cross-sections at \chem{\sqrt {s} = 7\,TeV}

G. Antchev; M. Berretti; M. Bozzo; P. Brogi; E. Robutti; J. Smajek; E. Radicioni; I. Atanassov; R. Ferretti; K. Eggert; N. Turini; M. Quinto; R. A. Intonti; C. E. Covault; A. Mercadante; L. Grzanka; H. Niewiadomski; G. Ruggiero; J. Kopal; F. Garcia; K. Osterberg; S. Gianì; M. Doubek; J. Sziklai; N. Minafra; M. G. Catanesi; V. Vacek; A. Fiergolski; J. Welti; F. Oljemark

The TOTEM experiment at the LHC has performed the first luminosity-independent determination of the total proton-proton cross-section at . This technique is based on the optical theorem and requires simultaneous measurements of the inelastic rate – accomplished with the forward charged-particle telescopes T1 and T2 in the range 3.1xa0<xa0|η|xa0<xa06.5 – and of the elastic rate by detecting the outcoming protons with Roman Pot detectors. The data presented here were collected in a dedicated run in 2011 with special beam optics (β*xa0=xa090xa0m) and Roman Pots approaching the beam close enough to register elastic events with squared four-momentum transfers |t| as low as 5·10−3xa0GeV2. The luminosity-independent results for the elastic, inelastic and total cross-sections are σelxa0=xa0(25.1xa0±xa01.1)xa0mb, σinelxa0=xa0(72.9xa0±xa01.5)xa0mb and σtotxa0=xa0(98.0xa0±xa02.5)xa0mb, respectively. At the same time this method yields the integrated luminosity, in agreement with measurements by CMS. TOTEM has also determined the total cross-section in two complementary ways, both using the CMS luminosity measurement as an input. The first method sums the elastic and inelastic cross-sections and thus does not depend on the ρ parameter. The second applies the optical theorem to the elastic-scattering measurements only and therefore is free of the T1 and T2 measurement uncertainties. The methods, having very different systematic dependences, give results in excellent agreement. Moreover, the ρ-independent measurement makes a first estimate for the ρ parameter at possible: |ρ|xa0=xa00.145xa0±xa00.091.


Nuclear Physics | 2015

Evidence for non-exponential elastic proton-proton differential cross-section at low |t| and √ s = 8 TeV by TOTEM

G. Antchev; P. Aspell; I. Atanassov; V. Avati; J. Baechler; V. Berardi; M. Berretti; E. Bossini; U. Bottigli; M. Bozzo; A. Buzzo; F. S. Cafagna; C.E. Campanella; M. G. Catanesi; Mate Csanad; T. Csörgő; M. Deile; F. De Leonardis; A. D'Orazio; M. Doubek; K. Eggert; V. Eremin; F. Ferro; A. Fiergolski; F. Garcia; Vjaceslav Georgiev; S. Gianì; L. Grzanka; C. Guaragnella; J. Hammerbauer

Abstract The TOTEM experiment has made a precise measurement of the elastic proton–proton differential cross-section at the centre-of-mass energy s = 8 TeV based on a high-statistics data sample obtained with the β ⁎ = 90 m optics. Both the statistical and systematic uncertainties remain below 1%, except for the t-independent contribution from the overall normalisation. This unprecedented precision allows to exclude a purely exponential differential cross-section in the range of four-momentum transfer squared 0.027 | t | 0.2 GeV 2 with a significance greater than 7 σ . Two extended parametrisations, with quadratic and cubic polynomials in the exponent, are shown to be well compatible with the data. Using them for the differential cross-section extrapolation to t = 0 , and further applying the optical theorem, yields total cross-section estimates of ( 101.5 ± 2.1 ) mb and ( 101.9 ± 2.1 ) mb , respectively, in agreement with previous TOTEM measurements.


EPL | 2012

Measurement of the forward charged-particle pseudorapidity density in pp collisions at ?s = 7?TeV with the TOTEM experiment

G. Antchev; M. Berretti; M. Bozzo; P. Brogi; E. Robutti; C. Taylor; M. R. Intonti; E. Radicioni; I. Atanassov; R. Ferretti; K. Eggert; N. Turini; M. Quinto; C. E. Covault; A. Mercadante; L. Grzanka; H. Niewiadomski; A. Santroni; J. Kopal; F. Garcia; S. Gianì; M. Vitek; P. Aspell; J. Sziklai; N. Minafra; M. G. Catanesi; V. Vacek; A. Fiergolski; J. Welti; F. Oljemark

The TOTEM experiment has measured the charged-particle pseudorapidity density dNch/d? in pp collisions at for 5.3<|?|<6.4 in events with at least one charged particle with transverse momentum above 40?MeV/c in this pseudorapidity range. This extends the analogous measurement performed by the other LHC experiments to the previously unexplored forward ? region. The measurement refers to more than 99% of non-diffractive processes and to single and double diffractive processes with diffractive masses above ~3.4?GeV/c2, corresponding to about 95% of the total inelastic cross-section. The dNch/d? has been found to decrease with |?|, from 3.84 ? 0.01(stat) ? 0.37(syst) at |?|=5.375 to 2.38?0.01(stat)?0.21(syst) at |?|=6.375. Several MC generators have been compared to data; none of them has been found to fully describe the measurement.


EPL | 2013

Measurement of proton-proton inelastic scattering cross-section at \chem{\sqrt {s} = 7\,{\mathrm {TeV}}}

G. Antchev; P. Aspell; I. Atanassov; V. Avati; J. Baechler; V. Berardi; M. Berretti; E. Bossini; M. Bozzo; P. Brogi; E. Brucken; A. Buzzo; F. S. Cafagna; M. Calicchio; M. G. Catanesi; C. E. Covault; M. Csanád; T. Csörgő; M. Deile; M. Doubek; K. Eggert; V. Eremin; R. Ferretti; F. Ferro; A. Fiergolski; F. Garcia; S. Gianì; V. Greco; L. Grzanka; J. Heino

The TOTEM experiment at the LHC has measured the inelastic proton-proton cross-section at in a ?*?=?90?m run with low inelastic pile-up. The measurement was based on events with at least one charged particle in the T2 telescope acceptance of 5.3?<?|?|?<?6.5 in pseudorapidity. Combined with data from the T1 telescope, covering 3.1?<?|?|?<?4.7, the cross-section for inelastic events with at least one |?|???6.5 final-state particle was determined to be (70.5???2.9)?mb. This cross-section includes all central diffractive events of which maximally 0.25?mb is estimated to escape the detection of the telescopes. Based on models for low mass diffraction, the total inelastic cross-section was deduced to be (73.7???3.4)?mb. An upper limit of 6.31?mb at 95% confidence level on the cross-section for events with diffractive masses below 3.4?GeV was obtained from the difference between the overall inelastic cross-section obtained by TOTEM using elastic scattering and the cross-section for inelastic events with at least one |?|???6.5 final-state particle.


IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science | 2005

Planar edgeless silicon detectors for the TOTEM experiment

G. Ruggiero; E. Alagoz; V. Avati; V. Bassetti; V. Berardi; V. Bergholm; V. Boccone; M. Bozzo; A. Buzzo; M. G. Catanesi; R. Cereseto; S. Cuneo; M. Deile; R. de Oliveira; K. Eggert; N. Egorov; I. Eremin; F. Ferro; J. Hasi; F. Haug; R. Herzog; P. Jarron; Juha Kalliopuska; A. Kiiskinen; K. Kurvinen; A. Kok; W. Kundrat; R. Lauhakangas; M. Lokajiccek; D. Macina

Silicon detectors for the Roman Pots of the the large hadron collider TOTEM experiment aim for full sensitivity at the edge where a terminating structure is required for electrical stability. This work provides an innovative approach reducing the conventional width of the terminating structure to less than 100 /spl mu/m, still using standard planar fabrication technology. The objective of this new development is to decouple the electric behavior of the surface from the sensitive volume within a few tens of micrometers. The explanation of the basic principle of this new approach together with the experimental confirmation via electric measurements and beam test are presented in this paper, demonstrating that silicon detectors with this new terminating structure are fully operational and efficient to under 60 /spl mu/m from the die cut.


Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment | 2006

Final Size Planar Edgeless Silicon Detectors for the TOTEM Experiment

E. Noschis; E. Alagoz; G. Anelli; V. Avati; V. Berardi; V. Boccone; M. Bozzo; E. Brucken; A. Buzzo; M. G. Catanesi; R. Cereseto; S. Cuneo; C. Da Via; M. Deile; R. Dinapoli; K. Eggert; N. Egorov; I. Eremin; F. Ferro; J. Hasi; F. Haug; J. Heino; P. Jarron; J. Kalliopuska; J. Kašpar; A. Kok; Y. Kozlov; W. Kundrat; K. Kurvinen; R. Lauhakangas

Abstract The TOTEM experiment will detect leading protons scattered in angles of microradians from the interaction point at the large hadron collider. This will be achieved using detectors with a minimized dead area at the edge. The collaboration has developed an innovative structure at the detector edge reducing the conventional dead width to less than 100xa0μm, still using standard planar fabrication technology. In this new development, the current of the surface is decoupled from the sensitive volume current within a few tens of micrometers. The basic working principle is explained in this paper. Final size detectors have been produced using this approach. The current–voltage and current–temperature characteristics of the detectors were studied and the detectors were successfully tested in a coasting beam experiment.


Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement | 2012

Elastic Scattering and Total Cross-Section in p+p Reactions As Measured by the LHC Experiment TOTEM at √ s =7 TeV

Tamás Csörgő; G. Antchev; P. Aspell; I. Atanassov; V. Avati; J. Baechler; V. Berardi; M. Berretti; E. Bossini; M. Bozzo; P. Brogi; E. Brucken; A. Buzzo; F. S. Cafagna; M. Calicchio; M. G. Catanesi; C. E. Covault; M. Csanád; M. Deile; E. Dimovasili; M. Doubek; K. Eggert; V. Eremin; R. Ferretti; F. Ferro; A. Fiergolski; F. Garcia; S. Gianì; V. Greco; L. Grzanka

Tamas Csorgő4 for the TOTEM Collaboration: G. Antchev,∗) P. Aspell,8 I. Atanassov,8,∗)V. Avati,8 J. Baechler,8 V. Berardi,5b,5a M. Berretti,7b E. Bossini,7b M. Bozzo,6b,6a P. Brogi,7b E. Brucken,3a,3b A. Buzzo,6a F. S. Cafagna,5a M. Calicchio,5b,5a M. G. Catanesi,5a C. Covault,9 M. Csanad,4,∗∗) M. Deile,8 E. Dimovasili,8 M. Doubek,1b K. Eggert,9 V. Eremin,∗∗∗) R. Ferretti,6a,6b F. Ferro,6a A. Fiergolski,†) F. Garcia,3a S. Giani,8 V. Greco,7b,8 L. Grzanka,8,††) J. Heino,3a T. Hilden,3a,3b M. R. Intonti,5a M. Janda,1b J. Kaspar,1a,8 J. Kopal,1a,8 V. Kundrat,1a K. Kurvinen,3a S. Lami,7a G. Latino,7b R. Lauhakangas,3a T. Leszko,† E. Lippmaa,2 M. Lokajicek,1a M. Lo Vetere,6b,6a F. Lucas Rodŕiguez,8 M. Macŕi,6a L. Magaletti,5b,5a G. Magazzu,7a A. Mercadante,5b,5a M. Meucci,7b S. Minutoli,6a F. Nemes,4,∗∗) H. Niewiadomski,8 E. Noschis,8 T. Novak,4,† † †) E. Oliveri,7b F. Oljemark,3a,3b R. Orava,3a,3b M. Oriunno,8,‡) K. Osterberg,3a,3b P. Palazzi,7b A.-L. Perrot,8 E. Pedreschi,7a J. Petajajarvi,3a J. Prochazka,1a M. Quinto,5a E. Radermacher,8 E. Radicioni,5a F. Ravotti,8 E. Robutti,6a L. Ropelewski,8 G. Ruggiero,8 H. Saarikko,3a,3b G. Sanguinetti,7a A. Santroni,6b,6a A. Scribano,7b G. Sette,6b,6a W. Snoeys,8 F. Spinella,7a J. Sziklai,4 C. Taylor,9 N. Turini,7b V. Vacek,1b M. Vitek,1b J. Welti,3a,b J. Whitmore10

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M. G. Catanesi

Instituto Politécnico Nacional

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G. Antchev

Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

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F. Garcia

Helsinki Institute of Physics

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V. Berardi

Instituto Politécnico Nacional

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V. Avati

Pennsylvania State University

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J. Heino

University of Helsinki

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