M. Hoefler

P.6.f.002 High-risk phases for first substance use, transition to regular substance use and substance use disorders in adolescence

This work is further part of the Early Developmental Stages of Psychopathology (EDSP) Study and is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) project no. 01EB9405/6, 01EB 9901/6, EB01016200, 01EB0140, and 01EB0440. Part of the field work and analyses were also additionally supported by grants of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) LA1148/1-1, WI2246/1-1, WI 709/7-1, and WI 709/8-1. Contact: silke.behrendt@psychologie.tu-dresden.de • The results confirm adolescence as a core period of risk for initial SU and SUD

Maternal psychopathology - a risk factor for affective, anxiety and substance use disorders in offspring? Results from a prospective-longitudinal community study

In a variety of studies it has been demonstrated that affective, anxiety and substance use disorders aggregate in families. These results often get interpreted as parental disorders being a risk factor for psychopathology in offspring. However, rarely has it been demonstrated that the parental disorder precedes that of the child, an attribute necessary for the definition of a risk factor (Kraemer et al 1997). The aim of the present study is to examine whether maternal psychopathology precedes the onset of psychopathology in offspring. Analyses are based on a cohort of 933 mother-child pairs from the EDSP study. Offspring were 14-17-years of age at baseline and were followed-up over a five years period. Diagnostic information on affective, anxiety and substance use disorders of mothers and children was based on the M-CIDI/DSM-IV. In prospective analyses it could be demonstrated that maternal anxiety disorders are associated with elevated incidence rates of affective disorders in offspring during follow-up (18.9% vs. 12.1%; OR=1.7,95% CI=1.1-2.7) and maternal substance use disorders with incident offspring anxiety (21.7% vs. 13.2%; OR=1.8,95% CI=1.1-3.1) as well as substance use disorders (36.5% vs. 28.2%; OR=1.6,95% CI=1.1-2.5). These results are important with regard to the prevention of psychopathology in children suggesting that maternal anxiety can be considered a risk factor for affective disorders and maternal substance use for anxiety and substance use disorders in offspring.

P.2.a.028 Mania, hypomania, and suicidality: findings from a prospective community study

We examined prospectively whether mania and hypomania are associated with an elevated risk for suicidality in a community sample of adolescents and young adults. Baseline and four-year follow-up data were used from the Early-Developmental-Stages-of-Psychopathology (EDSP) Study, a prospective longitudinal study of adolescents and young adults in Munich. Suicidal tendencies (ideation/attempts), mania, and hypomania were assessed using the standardized Munich-Composite-International-Diagnostic-Interview. At baseline, mania/hypomania was associated to a different degree with suicidality (Odds ratios [OR] range from 1.9 to 13.7). In the prospective analyses, the risk for subsequent incident suicidal ideation was increased in the presence of prior mania (38.0% vs. 14.1%; OR = 4.4; 95% CI = 1.4-13.5). No associations could be found between prior mania/hypo-mania and incident suicide attempts. The prospective analyses revealed a remarkable relationship between preexisting mania and increased risk for subsequent suicidal ideation.

P.2.a.023 Maternal suicidality and risk of suicidality in offspring: findings from a community study

OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the associations between suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in mothers and various aspects of suicidality in their offspring in a representative community sample. METHOD Baseline and 4-year follow-up data were used from the Early Developmental Stages of Psychopathology study, a prospective, longitudinal community study of adolescents and young adults. Results are based on 933 adolescents who completed follow-up and for whom direct diagnostic information for the biological mother was available. Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were assessed in adolescents and mothers with the Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview. RESULTS Compared to offspring of mothers without suicidality, offspring of mothers reporting suicide attempts showed a remarkably higher risk for suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts and a tendency toward suicide attempts at an earlier age. Associations were comparable for male and female offspring. Transmission of maternal suicidality was roughly stable with control for maternal comorbid psychopathology. CONCLUSIONS The offspring of mothers with suicide attempts are at a markedly increased risk for suicidality themselves and tend to manifest suicide attempts earlier than offspring of mothers without suicidality. Suicidality seems to run in families, independent of depression and other psychopathology.