M. Kemal Öktem

Examining media effectiveness across cultures and national borders: A review and multilevel framework

We explore the ways that perceptions of media effectiveness are affected by the societal culture, organizational culture, occupational (professional) culture, individual characteristics, and technology acceptance. This is an important subject to explore, as communication is essential to organizational functioning. The continuous drive for communication to individuals in different national and organizational situations around the world, due in part to globalization, leads us to ask: which medium is perceived as the most effective for each of the tasks a manager may be called upon to perform, particularly in different cultures? In other words, is the receiver getting the message that we intend, when the receiver is not in the same situation (societal, organizational, professional, etc.) as the sender? There are contexts of shared values, rules, and experiences that affect communication; words do not have the same meaning and value across languages and cultures (Macnamara, 2004). This means that the message sent from one context may not be the message received in another. If we are not communicating the messages we intend, then our method of communicating may be efficient, but it is certainly not effective. However, there is little research on the effectiveness of media types. We develop a framework highlighting the intersection of variables salient to effectiveness: societal, organizational, and occupational culture, individual characteristics, and technology the sender? In the conclusion, we suggest future work that might be appropriate, given the increasing interest in global communication.

Managerial Control Vs Professional Autonomy: An Empirical Study on Perceptions and Expectations of Physicians at Teaching Hospitals in Turkey

This study investigates the effects of work context on professional job processes in large organizations in general, and the differences of perceptions and expectations of physicians for professional autonomy in different work environments in specific. An empirical study was conducted on “perceptions and expectations of physicians” in terms of their control over diagnosis and treatment process in different teaching hospitals in Turkey. Results exhibit that the difference between expectation and perception on “the control over diagnosis and treatment process”, one of the crucial elements in professional autonomy of physicians, is statistically significant among the surveyed hospitals. The reason of this difference seems to be the managerial practices of each organization. Thus, the study emphasizes the need of assessing the problematic job procedures and of changing them with the most effective ones to create a synergy instead of conflict in the work setting. This synergy in the health care organizations means a balance between managerial control and professional autonomy and a better health service to the patient.

Public Administration & ICT for Human Development in Turkey How to Remove Limitations

This paper deals with the issue of ICT Information Communication and Technology for human development in Turkey and the role of public administration as a service provider, and as a macro organization. The human side of development is important at least as technological investments to balance inequalities and environmental risks. After having an overview of the Turkish case, a number of possible solutions have been argued to reach knowledge of happiness and well-being.