M.M.M. Leye

[Access to intermittent preventive treatment (IPt) in a situation of abolition of user's fee: role of economic welfare].

In Senegal, the free distribution of sulfadoxine pyrimethamine during antenatal care is recommended to remove the disparity in the context of intermittent preventive treatment against malaria. The objective of this study was thus to identify factors influencing access to treatment in a situation of abolition of user fees. It was a cross-sectional and analytical study. It covered a sample of 1906 women aged 15-49 years randomly selected during the national survey on malaria in Senegal. Data were collected during a personal interview. The economic well-being was measured from the characteristics of housing and durable goods. The multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression. The average age was 27.94 ± 5.34, 64.27% resided in rural area and 71.8% had received no schooling. Among the surveyed women, 23% were in the poorest quintile, while 16.3% were in the richest. Intermittent preventive treatment was performed in 49.3%. IPt were made more in urban areas (OR 1.45 95% [1.17 to 1.72]). It increased with the level of education with an OR of 1.5 and 1.68 in primary and secondary. The completion of the IPt increased with economic welfare. The OR ranged from 1.44 to 2.95 in the second quintile to the richest. Free medication does not necessarily benefit poor people. Other accompanying measures must be developed to facilitate the distribution of drugs particularly at community level with the involvement of people.

Study of determinants of unprotected sex in sailors of the Senegalese merchant navy

Sailors are a mobile population travelling a lot and therefore being often exposed to casual sex. The aim of this study is to analyze the determinants of unprotected sex among sailors in Senegal. A descriptive and analytical study was conducted among sailors of the merchant navy. Data on knowledge, attitudes and practices were collected during a personal interview. A multivariate analysis was performed using a multiple logistic regression. A total of 400 sailors were interviewed, 57.9% had casual sex of whom 23.7% were not protected. Sexual intercourse without protection was more common among the uneducated (OR = 2.29 [1.23 to 5.99]) and married (OR = 2.29 [1.23-5.99]). Sailors who thought that using condom reduces pleasure during sexual intercourse (OR = 2.5 [1.2-5.1]) and those who consumed alcohol (OR = 5.4 [2.07-14.2]) were less protected during casual sex. Sexual contact is one of the main modes of transmission of HIV / AIDS. Sailors often have unprotected sex. Interventions using specific ways must be performed taking into account the mobility of these men who are often uneducated.

Self-Medication Among Children Under 5 Years Living in Rural Area, Ferlo Senegal

In African rural area, self-treatment has its place in the devices of therapeutic choices. The aim of this study was to determine the extent and pattern of self-treatment among children living in Senegal rural area. A cross-sectional study was carried out to examine the place of self-treatment in the stages of the therapeutic itinerary among children living in Senegal rural area in March 2017. Using Schwartz formula for sampling, we had included in this study 173 children aged 6 to 59 months living in the area of Widou Thiengoly. Mothers were interviewed on the therapeutic itinerary chosen in case of children disease. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were made. Most of children (82.3%) lived on more than 1 hour drive from health facility. For the first instance of therapeutic choice, most of mothers (61.2%) used self –medication in case of children disease, 35.3% of mothers used health facilities and 2.6% choosed traditional healers. For second instance, only 2.4% of mothers were used self-medication. For third instance, there was no self-treatment. Therapy organizing group were led by mothers at 56.5% and fathers in 45.6%. At 77.6% of cases, there were discussions to decide on the treatment of the child. In most cases, fathers were interviewed (90.9%) to give their opinion on the therapeutic choice. Fathers paid for children care in 87.6% of cases. 30.6% of mothers said that self-medication was cheaper compared to health facilities and traditional healers. 95.3% said that they believed that it was most efficiency to use a lot of type of therapeutic in same moment. Multilogistic regression found that living away from health facility (more than 30 minutes) was positively correlate with self-treatment p<0.01, ORaj=5.39 IC= [1.42-24.26]. This study contributes to the knowledge of self-treatment choices regarding children disease management in Senegal rural area. This study shows that geographical inaccessibility of health facilities impact on self-medication practices in rural area.

Étude des déterminants des rapports sexuels non protégés chez les marins de la marine marchande sénégalaise

Sailors are a mobile population travelling a lot and therefore being often exposed to casual sex. The aim of this study is to analyze the determinants of unprotected sex among sailors in Senegal. A descriptive and analytical study was conducted among sailors of the merchant navy. Data on knowledge, attitudes and practices were collected during a personal interview. A multivariate analysis was performed using a multiple logistic regression. A total of 400 sailors were interviewed, 57.9% had casual sex of whom 23.7% were not protected. Sexual intercourse without protection was more common among the uneducated (OR = 2.29 [1.23 to 5.99]) and married (OR = 2.29 [1.23-5.99]). Sailors who thought that using condom reduces pleasure during sexual intercourse (OR = 2.5 [1.2-5.1]) and those who consumed alcohol (OR = 5.4 [2.07-14.2]) were less protected during casual sex. Sexual contact is one of the main modes of transmission of HIV / AIDS. Sailors often have unprotected sex. Interventions using specific ways must be performed taking into account the mobility of these men who are often uneducated.