M. Tolga Balta

Environmental Impact Assessment of Electricity Production, A Case Study of Turkey

For at least the next few decades, fossil fuels will use for global energy demand and without a proper control atmospheric emissions. Therefore greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions continue to increase and pose even more serious problems for environment and also human health. Beyond this point, the combustion products of fossil fuels are the main cause of environmental issues such as acid rains, ozone depletion and global warming.

Performance Analyses of CO 2 -N 2 O Cascade System for Cooling

The excess usage of many refrigerants which includes chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) and hydro chlorofluorocarbons (HCFC) in cooling systems causes several environmental issues such as acid rain, stratospheric ozone depletion and global climate change. Therefore, the usage of these refrigerants is restricted. In this context, an increase occurs in the usage of the alternative refrigerants.

Environmental Impact Assessment of Building Energy Systems

This chapter deals with energy/exergy and environmental analyses of a low exergy heating system. A building with a volume of about 392 m3 and a floor area of 140 m2 is presented as a case study. For this building, four different heating options are investigated, namely, (1) electric boiler, (2) ground heat pump system, (3) standard boiler, and (4) solar collector. In this regard, an energy and exergy analysis is employed to assess their performances and compare them through energy and exergy efficiencies. Also, CO2, NOx, SO2 emissions of the considered systems are determined and compared with each other. Overall exergy efficiencies of the heating systems are found to be 4.0, 10.1, 7.6, and 35.7 %. CO2, NOx, SO2 emissions rate per year (kg emission/year) calculated for considered cases as 10,726.32, 4,224.17, 3,737.56, and 337.67, 11.14, 4.39, 3.40, and 3.35, and 116.34, 45.82, 3.68, and 3.66, respectively. The lowest environmental impact is provided by case 4.

Exergetic analysis of a continuous Bi-axially Oriented Polypropylene (BOPP) film unit in a plastic processing plant

This paper deals with an exergy analysis of the stretching process of bi-axially oriented polypropylene films using a hot oil coiler along with stretching and crystallising unit. Exergy destructions and efficiencies in each of the system components are calculated, while the exergy loss and flow diagram (the so-called Grassmann diagram) is presented for the transverse direction (TD) unit. The so-called functional (on the product or benefit/fuel basis) and universal (on the output/input basis) exergy efficiency values of the TD unit are calculated to be 26.40% and 28.46% at a recommended exhaust air relative humidity of 0.0098 kg water/kg air, respectively.