M. Ziya Sogut

Assessment of thermodynamic performance and exergetic sustainability of turboprop engine using mixture of kerosene and methanol

In this study, first and second laws of thermodynamics were performed in the turboprop and is analysed and discussed with the mathematical model of sustainability performance of a turboprop engine using a mixture of alternative fuel (Methanol CH3OH) and conventional fuel (Kerosene C12H26). The results showed when the excess air is kept constant, with the increases of the alternative fuel, mixture is enriched with oxygen as a source of methanol and the actual air-fuel ratio decreased was determined. When the rate of alternative fuel in mixture was increased, it was observed that the fuel flow started to increase, because Lower Heating Value of methanol is lower than kerosene. Therefore, increasing of fuel consumption was found to obtain the same power in propeller as negative effect. ESIs - waste exergy ratio, exergy destruction factor and environmental effect factor - is increased with the increasing ratio of methanol in the mixture.

Customised application of exergy analysis method to PW120A turboprop engine for performance evaluation

In this paper, first and second laws of thermodynamics are applied on a turboprop engine of a regional aircraft. Performance parameters of the engine are assessed under take-off conditions and maximum power settings. Energy and exergy rates, exergy destruction rate, improvement potential, fuel depletion rate and productivity rate are proven by using component-based analysis method. Exergy destruction rates are found to be 337.12 kW, 1461.87 kW, 69.74 kW and 269.22 kW in order of air compressor, combustion chamber, gas turbine and free turbine. In addition, exergy efficiencies of the air compressor, combustion chamber, gas turbine and free turbine are calculated to be 86.95%, 82.16%, 97.86% and 85.52%, respectively, whilst energy and exergy efficiencies of the engine are found to be with the values of 27.89% and 26.74%. Obtained results from this study can be useful to improve performance of a turboprop engine still in service.

A Framework of Economic and Environmental Assessment of Solar Energy Water Heating System for Public Buildings

Solar energy is a common practice in hot water production. In particular, the efficiency of the use of these systems has increased with the increase of collector efficiency. However, the effectiveness of the systems is also linked to the economic analysis as well as the effective project process. In this work, a framework was been established in the public sector with important user characteristics. In this study, collector optimization with solar energy as a hybrid system was made for the hot water requirement of the reference gym. In the annual heat demand analysis and with the developed mathematical model, it has provided savings of approximately 83.24%. In the analysis carried out, the annual recycling period was estimated to be about 4.24 years for fuel oil consumption and 8.82 years for natural gas. At the end of the study, associated annual CO2 emission savings were calculated, and some suggestions were made to the public administration.

Assessment of Energy and Environmental Performance of Low-Charge Multiplex Refrigeration System

Low-charge multiplex refrigeration system (LCMRS) used in supermarket application is defined as low-energy performance in cooling system considered as important energy consumers. In this context, this study primarily examines energy and exergy performances of the LCMRS and expresses their changes in a supermarket application. Additionally, environmental performances of LCMRS were evaluated based on different refrigerants. In the study, the effects of R-404A, R-407C, and R-152a refrigerants on performance were also examined, and it was found that R-152a and R-407C gases have significant advantages in terms of performance and environmental impacts.

The Impact of Developed Energy Efficiency Model on Vessel Valuation

In this chapter, the indices and plans developed by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) such as Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI), Energy Efficiency Operational Index (EEOI) and Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) are dealt with in a structural unity. In this context, it is emphasized how the alignment and management of indices and structures should be realized. In other words, it has been assessed how these structures defined in energy consumption or energy business plans should be controlled by a sustainable model or programme. In this approach, a model called energy architecture map was developed by using e-info system technology for sustainable energy management of vessels. The aim of this model is to build the road map of the information system infrastructure and its architecture to develop the tools of the energy management system of vessel and determine how this model affects vessel valuation providing energy savings.

Development of Cooling Performance of Clinker Cooler Process Based on Energy Audit

In cement plants clinker outlet temperature is directly evaluated by clinker cooler process efficiency. Cooling processes may be evaluated as one of the energy input considering demand of secondary air and carrier gas. In this study the clinker cooler performance development is intended from the viewpoint of capacity increase and energy consumption using cement production plant actual figures. According to this analysis, the standard and actual cooler losses have been calculated as 519.16 kJ/kg.cl and 595.86 kJ/kg.cl, respectively. Considering the standard cooler loss of one state-of-the-art cooler, an amount of 100.48 kJ/kg.cl is savable. Furthermore, approximately 1 kWh/kg.cl of the total power consumption can be achieved. The fluctuations of clinker outlet temperature lead to a variance of 86.61% and 89.22%, respectively, for sieved and un-sieved clinker temperature. This situation demonstrates a significant potential loss of clinker temperature. Regarding the cooler performance development, some suggestions have been made at the end of this study.

Assessment of thermodynamics performance with sustainable propulsion indicators of a seaplane engine for different temperatures in the same altitude

ABSTRACT Seaplanes have become an important tool along with rapidly developing technology in modern transportation for many countries related to sea. Considering the environmental evaluation for these aircraft, decreasing fossil fuels consumption and energy efficiency are important points for sustainability. For this purpose, in this study, first, the energy and exergy analyses based on the real data of a turboprop engine used in seaplane taken as the reference were performed. Then, new indicators developed for the sustainable propulsion index were examined and evaluated separately. The analyses were made for an altitude of 9000 ft and three different dead state temperatures of −33°C, −3°C, and 27°C. According to the analyses, while the average energy efficiencies were found to be 34.7%, 37.8%, and 40.7%, the average exergy efficiencies were found to be 19.24%, 21.25%, and 23.20%, respectively. In addition, the improvement potential due to irreversibility and entropy production for each case was also calculated and the results of the sustainable emission index were found to be very low. At the end of the study, the results were evaluated and some suggestions for the effective use of energy in the seaplanes were made.

Assessment of thermodynamic and environmental performances in subcooling process for different refrigerants

Subcooling application in cooling processes leads to increasing of cooling performance and energy efficiency within defined limits. This study examines subcooling effects of refrigerants on the coefficient of performance (COP), exergy efficiency and environmental performances based on total equivalent warming impact (TEWI) and human health damage (HDD), which are considered environmental parameters, by considering different refrigerants. In the analyses, direct expansion (DX) system, which is used commonly in supermarkets, and the evaporator temperatures of the system 238 and 273 K are taken as reference. In addition, current refrigerants R-22, R-404A and R-507 and the alternative refrigerant R-407C are examined separately. The results of analyses show that the subcooling of 5 K in condenser causes energy saving between 4% and 8% as depending on the refrigerants and provides an increase as the exergy efficiency between 3% and 25%. Besides, HDD and TEWI values also decrease with increasing of subcooling temperature. At the end of the study, effect on system performance of subcooling processes was emphasised as related to exergy and TEWI analyses.

Investigation of effects of hydraulic balance in mechanical system based on energetic and exergetic efficiency in industrial buildings

In the total energy demand and management for heating and cooling systems in industrial processes and commercial buildings for different zones, provision of the appropriate balance flows with hydraulic and thermal balancing of installation lines can generate significant savings in energy consumption and costs. In this study, the effects of energetic and exergetic performance of the hydraulic balance system developed for commercial structures having different zones were examined separately. Despite, the fuel-saving potential of each zone was evaluated for different fuels. According to the results of the analysis, the hydraulic system, which was proposed and implemented, has decreased energy demand of the system approximately 152% compared with the energy efficiency and 82.20% compared with exergy efficiency. At the end of the study, some suggestions to increase energy-saving potential were made by evaluating the potential savings of process.