Maddi Ramaiah

Pseudocholinesterase Deficiency in an Indian Community

Background: India, the seventh largest country, 3rd largest standing army and one of the oldest civilizations in the world, with a literacy rate of 74.04%. Indian population was a mixture of 46,73,034 categories of different castes and sub-caste each related to a specific occupation. Arya Vysya is a Hindu Indian caste with a total population of 22,952,000. Methods: Pseudocholinesterase is a glycoprotein enzyme with complex molecular structure synthesized in the liver and specifically hydrolyzes certain exogenous cholinesters. Pseudocholinesterase deficiency is a genetic enzyme abnormality or acquired alteration in the metabolism of choline esters in this patient may experience a paralysis of the respiratory muscles, to overcome this, required more time mechanically-assisted breathing. The presence of the genetic defect is not realized until one is exposed to succinylcholine or mivacurium. Results: Arya Vysya community people of India having deficiency of pseudocholinesterase is the most affected people than any other with homozygous mutation incidence rate of 2-4%. Very recent studies in 2016 reveal that malnutrition-induced pseudocholinesterase deficiency is also a possible etiology. Conclusion: It was suggested that the Arya Vysya Community people with a history of pseudocholinesterase deficiency should tell his or her doctor if when they undergo anesthesia for surgery to avoid potentially serious unwanted adverse effects. Key words: India, Arya Vysya, Pseudocholinestase, Pseudocholinestrase deficiency, Choline esters, Acholest test paper.

EFFECTS OF SEASONAL VARIATION ON ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL AND TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT OF ZANTHOXYLUM ARMATUM

The Study evaluates effects of Seasonal Variation on Antioxidant Potential and Total Phenolic Content of Zanthoxylum armatum. DPPH and FRAP methods were used to evaluate effect of seasonal discrepancy on the antioxidant potential of plant Zanthoxylum armatum. The investigation observed that the antioxidant activity depends upon total phenolic and flavonoid contents which may affect by seasonal discrepancy. Study observed abundant of phenolic and flavonoid during summer season resulting potent antioxidant activities. The moderate antioxidant activity was observed in monsoon season. Study concluded that total phenolic content increased from rainy to summer season and thus antioxidant activities also vary with seasonal

MONITORING OF PRESCRIPTION PATTERN OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS IN MEDICINE DEPARTMENT OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Drug utilization review (DUR) programs are being conducted with the aim of improving the appropriateness of prescriptions. DURs have traditionally focused on drugs with frequent side - effects, high price tags or complicated dosing regimens. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the antibiotic utilization pattern of antimicrobial agents and then to assess the prescriptions by the WHO prescribing indicators. This prospective and descr iptive study was carried out in the medicine department of Guwahati Medical College & Hospital, Guwahati, India from Feb. 2015 to Dec. 2015.The data obtained was represented as mean ± SEM and percentages, as applicable. An appropriate statistical test (chi square test) was used for determining association between variable. The results are calculated from 425 patients’ data. Out of 672 medicines, 500(74.4%) medicines were prescribed from National Essential Medicine List (NEML) 2015.There was a good tendency of prescribing by generic name. Use of injection was very high and percentage encounter with an injection prescribed was 92 % (391 cases).Ceftriaxone was the most frequently pres cribed medicine (217 cases) followed by metronidazole (65 cases). The physicia ns prescribing habit was the main factor that directly influences the prescribing patterning.