Mahmoud Fathy

Breakthrough curves of oil adsorption on novel amorphous carbon thin film

A novel amorphous carbon thin film (ACTF) was prepared by hydrolyzing wood sawdust and delignificating the residue to obtain cellulose mass that was subjected to react with cobalt silicate nanoparticle as a catalyst under the influence of sudden concentrated sulfuric acid addition at 23 °C. The novel ACTF was obtained in the form of thin films like graphene sheets having winding surface. The prepared ACTF was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer, transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). The adsorption capacity of ACTF to remove oil from synthetic produced water was evaluated using the incorporation of Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models. The performance study is described through the breakthrough curves concept under relevant operating conditions such as column bed heights (3.8, 5 and 11 mm) and flow rate (0.5, 1 and 1.5 mL.min(-1)). It was found that the oil uptake mechanism is favoring higher bed height. Also, the highest bed capacity of 700 mg oil/g ACTF was achieved at 5 mm bed height, and 0.5 mL.min(-1) flow rate. The results of breakthrough curve for oil adsorption was best described using the Yoon-Nelson model. Finally, the results illustrate that ACTF could be utilized effectively for oil removal from synthetic produced water in a fixed-bed column system.

Novel Amorphous Carbon Thin Film (ACTF) from Rice Straw to RemoveSodium Ions from Synthetic Saline Water

Abstract Rice straw fibers, considered in this work are a good source for synthesized amorphous carbon thin film (ACTF) hence; it has 64% cellulose linen fibers. We study the structure and properties of ACTF as new adsorbents to study the individual adsorption characteristics of sodium ions from synthetic water. Batch tests, used to study the influence of pH, contact time, and temperature, on the ion adsorption on activated carbon. We found that the pseudo-secondorder kinetic model and by Langmuir isotherm would portray contact time of sodium adsorption and isothermal adsorption steadies, respectively. Also the adsorption process of sodium ions on activated carbon is stronger depends on pH. The maximum adsorption capacities of sodium on activated carbon were 107, 120 and 135 mg g-1 at 35, 45, and 65°C. The thermodynamic parameters explain that the adsorption of sodium ions on novel ACTF was a spontaneous process and endothermic reaction. According to adsorption studies, activated carbon suitable for ion chromatography or desalinate sodium ion in ion exchange process in the hybrid desalination process with insignificant loss of adsorption capacity. However, the ACTF has better properties than any other carbon materials that got from an agricultural by-product.

Desalination Aspects of PSSA-g-PEG Copolymer and its Graphene Composite Membranes

In this study, polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSSA) was copolymerized with 1% polyethylene glycol (PEG 600), then Graphene (G) was added at different individually percent of 0.1, 0.5 and 1%, respectively. The resultant membrane designated as (PSSA-g-PEG)/G and was characterized using FTIR, SEM, XRD and TGA analysis. Then, membrane efficiency was determined by measuring the salt rejection and the water flux measured under different parameters such as temperature, pressure and composites concentrations. We found that, increasing temperature and pressure increased membrane water flux, but increasing G portion slightly increased water flux except before and at concentration 0.5% where increasing water flux was growing.

Correction to: Absorption of calcium ions on oxidized graphene sheets and study its dynamic behavior by kinetic and isothermal models

In the original publication, the author group has been published incorrectly. The correct author group is given below.

Correction to: Cation exchange resin nanocomposites based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes

In the original publication, the author group has been published incorrectly.

Characterization and evaluation of amorphous carbon thin film (ACTF) for sodium ion adsorption

Abstract The removal of sodium ions from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto amorphous carbon thin film (ACTF) has been studied in batch mode. In this work, the ACTF as new adsorbent was synthesized based on rice straw, then its structure and properties were taken into consideration to study its ability to adsorb sodium ions from synthetic water. The influence of pH, contact time, and temperature of the ion adsorption on ACTF was also studied using batch tests. We found that the contact time of sodium adsorption and its isothermal adsorption studied were described by pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm, respectively. Our results indicated that the adsorption of sodium ions on ACTF become be stronger and depends on pH, furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacities of sodium on ACTF recorded 107, 120 and 135 mg g−1 at 35, 45, and 65 °C. The thermodynamic parameters explain that the adsorption of sodium ions on ACTF is a spontaneous process and endothermic reaction. According to adsorption studies, we found that the ACTF can be used effectively for ion chromatography or desalinate sodium ion using ion exchange process in the hybrid desalination process with insignificant loss of adsorption capacity. However, the ACTF has better properties than any other carbon materials obtained from an agricultural byproduct.

Removing of Hardness Salts from Groundwater by Thermogenic Synthesis Zeolite

Calcium and magnesium hardness solids in groundwater are very common and caused major problems for drinking and household purposes. This study aims to synthesize zeolite-4A from kaolinite for removing the total hardness ions from Assiut Governorate groundwater wells in Egypt. The kaolin was hydrothermally calcinated through metakaolinization and zeolitization processes to produce crystalline zeolite-4A. The chemical composition and morphology ofcrystalline zeolite-4A was characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Then the column experiments were conducted to study the performance of crystalline salt-4A as ion exchange and investigate their operation parameters and regeneration conditions. Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models were applied to predict the adsorption capacity and time required for 50% breakthrough curves. The effects of initial concentrations of 550 mg/l for total Ca and Mg hardness, feed flow rate of 10-30 ml/min, and height range of 1.0– 4.0 cm on the breakthrough behavior of the adsorption system were studied. The obtained results indicated that the synthesized zeolite-4A can remove total hardness (Ca + Mg) ions from groundwater to the permissible limit according to the standards drinking water law.