Maise Mendonça Amorim

Electromyographic Activity of Masseter and Temporal Muscles with Different Facial Types

OBJECTIVES To compare the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the masseter and anterior portion of temporal muscles in different vertical facial types. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical examination, cephalometric analysis, and electromyographic examination were performed in 44 volunteers ranging from 18 to 35 years old. The volunteers were classified on the basis of their vertical facial characteristics into three groups-brachyfacial, mesofacial, and dolicofacial-by the grouping analysis. The EMG records were obtained with three repetitions during mandibular rest, maximum voluntary contraction in intercuspidation, and simultaneous bilateral isotonic contraction. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Levene tests were applied to verify the normality and homogeneity of variance. Analysis of variance and the Kruskal-Wallis test identified statistical differences among groups that did not present normality and homogeneity of distribution, respectively. Significance for all statistical tests was set at P < .05. RESULTS At rest, only the right temporal and masseter muscles presented statistically significant differences among the groups. The differences were observed between groups 1 and 2 (P = .02) and 1 and 3 (P = .038) for the right temporal muscle, and between groups 1 and 2 (P = .029) for the right masseter muscle. Generally, group 1 presented the lowest EMG values for the four muscles evaluated during rest. For isotonic evaluation, none of the groups of muscles presented statistically significant differences. CONCLUSION Different vertical facial types do not determine distinct patterns of EMG activity for the masseter and anterior portion of temporal muscles during rest and bilateral mastication.

Morphological Description of Mandibular Canal in Panoramic Radiographs of Brazilian Subjects: Association Between Anatomic Characteristic and Clinical Procedures

El conocimiento morfologico y topografico del canal mandibular es de suma importancia durante la realizacion de procedimientos odontologicos en la mandibula, pues las estructuras que lo recorren deben ser conservadas. El proposito del presente estudio fue realizar un analisis morfologico y morfometrico del curso y de las relaciones del canal mandibular en adultos hombres y mujeres, en dos grupos de edades distintas. La muestra fue comprendida por 300 radiografias panoramicas divididas en 4 grupos: Grupos F1 y F2: mujeres (con rangos entre 18 y 40 anos, y con mas de 40 anos de edad, respectivamente); Grupos M1 y M2: hombres (con rangos entre 18 y 40 anos, y con mas de 40 anos de edad, respectivamente). Siete medidas lineares verticales fueron realizadas en las radiografias para describir el curso del canal mandibular, y sus relaciones con las estructuras anatomicas de la mandibula. Tambien fueron evaluadas la posicion horizontal del foramen mentoniano y la relacion de proximidad entre el canal mandibular y las raices de las piezas dentarias mandibulares. Se encontraron diferencias estadisticamente significativas entre los generos en cuatro de las medidas tomadas. Sin embargo, no se encontro diferencia entre los grupos de edades para ninguna de las medidas. La posicion mas frecuente del foramen mentoniano fue entre las raices de los premolares mandibulares; y el canal mandibular mostro una relacion de proximidad con las raices del tercer molar mandibular, alejandose gradualmente de las raices de las demas piezas dentarias. Los resultados sugieren que las mediciones realizadas relacionadas al canal mandibular pueden ser influenciadas por el genero pero son independientes de la edad.

Interleukin-6 c.-174G>C Polymorphism and Periodontitis in a Brazilian Population.

Aim. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the teeth supporting structures, triggered by periodontal pathogens, and is influenced by environmental and genetic factors. Genes encoding molecules related to the immune response, such as cytokine, are the main candidates for polymorphisms analysis and may be possibly associated with this pathology. A G/C promoter polymorphism on the IL6 gene has been shown to affect basal IL-6 levels. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the IL6 c.-174G>C polymorphism and periodontitis in individuals from Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil. Material and Methods. Three hundred and thirty individuals (134 cases, 196 controls) were genotyped for the IL6 c.-174G>C by MS-PCR technique. Concentrations of salivary IL-6 were determined by ELISA method. Results. The IL6 c.-174G>C polymorphism was associated with periodontitis when comparing the distribution of genotypes between patients with periodontitis and control subjects. The GC genotype appeared as a protective factor for periodontitis. Results showed increased levels of salivary IL-6 in periodontitis patients. Nevertheless, there was no relationship between the concentrations of IL-6 and genotypes when comparing the case and control groups. Conclusions. Our data indicate an association between IL6 c.-174G>C polymorphism and periodontitis and showed that IL-6 may be considered an important marker for periodontitis.

Saúde bucal de adolescentes rurais quilombolas e não quilombolas: um estudo dos hábitos de higiene e fatores associados

This study evaluated oral hygiene habits and their association with sociocultural, environmental factors and factors related to the use of dental services among Quilombola and non-Quilombola rural adolescents from inland Bahia. Thiswas a cross-sectional study conducted in 2015. Prevalence and prevalence ratios were estimated for the outcomes and multiple Poisson regression analysis with robust variance was performed. We interviewed 390 adolescents, of which 42.8% were Quilombola. Poor tooth brushing and non-flossing were found in 33.3% and 46.7% of adolescents, respectively. Poor tooth brushing was increased by male gender (PR = 1.45), not living with both parents (PR = 1.45), lower hand hygiene habit (PR = 1.72) and worse oral health self-assessment (PR = 1.38). Non-flossing was associated with economic level E (PR = 1.54), older age (PR = 0.91), lower hand hygiene habit (PR = 1.53) and worse oral health self-assessment (PR = 1.33). Different associated factors were observed between Quilombola and non-Quilombola. It is necessary to consider the specificities of the populations for the promotion of adolescent oral health and the importance of the intersectoriality between education and health and care to families.