Makoto Sakumoto

Subdural hematoma associated with dural metastasis from paranasal sinus cancer: a case report and review of the literature.

We report a 72-year-old woman who developed a subdural hematoma following dural metastasis from paranasal sinus carcinoma. Subdural hematoma with malignant neoplasm is a serious condition seen only in advanced stages. The prognosis is poor, but appropriate measures can help the patient. Head and neck surgeons should note this unusual clinical entity.

Olfactory Evoked Potentials Produced by Electrical Stimulation of the Olfactory Mucosa

We stimulated the olfactory mucosa electrically and elicited evoked potentials in rabbits. A bipolar stimulating electrode was placed on the olfactory region of the nasal mucosa via an anterior naris non-invasively. Evoked potentials were detected from the surface of a head. In most instances they were composed of triphasic negative-positive-negative peaks, the latencies of these peaks were about 25, 40, and 65 ms, respectively. This peak complex seemed to originate in the olfactory bulb. This method is non-invasive and is applicable to studying the olfactory system in animals and also in humans.

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Infection by Cocultivation of Fibroblast-Dominant Cell Line and EBV-Transformed Lymphocytes

A long-term cell culture epitheloid cell line (NPC-F/L) was established from the fibroblast-dominant cell line derived from nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissue by cocultivation with an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid cell line of adenoid origin. The cells were investigated by karyotyping, by immunofluorescent testing for EBV-associated nuclear antigen (EBNA), early antigen (EA), and viral capsid antigen (VCA) and by a light microscopy. The cells were shown to be epithelial not only by morphology but also by immunocytochemical staining with monoclonal antibody to cytokeratins and they expressed EBNA and EA but not VCA. The cells developed histologically undifferentiated squamous cell carcinoma when inoculated subcutaneously into the back of athymic nude BALB/c(nu/nu) mice, which were similar to the human tumors from which the fibroblastoid cell line was established. The presence of EBNA in touch smears prepared both from the biopsy tissue of human and nude mice was demonstrated. Karyotyping analysis indicated an aneuploid chromosome with a model number of 74.

Acute Hearing Loss, 6000 Hz-dip Type; A Case Report.

We usually use 6 frequencies, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 and 8000 Hz, in conventional pure tone audiometry. When these 6 points do not show hearing loss, our clinical diagnosis is no hearing loss. If the hearing loss is not located in the clinical 6 frequencies, we cannot detect it.The authors diagnosed 6000 Hz-dip type acute hearing loss in a 43-year-old male with tinnitus. We measured the hearing levels at 6 frequencies and found no hearing loss. The pitch of his tinnitus was 6000 Hz, so we measured the hearing levels at 4 other frequencies (800, 1500, 3000 and 6000 Hz) and detected a 6000 Hz-dip.Steroid treatment cured both the tinnitus and the 6000 Hz-dip hearing loss.When hearing loss occurs at a frequency other than the conventional pure tone audiometric frequencies, a mistaken diagnosis of no hearing loss is made. If the patient complains of tinnitus, the clinician should investigate the pitch and measure the hearing level near the frequency of the tinnitus. This is a useful method of discovering narrow diptype acute hearing loss.