Małgorzata Obara-Gołębiowska

The Role of Motivation to Reduce Obesity among Elderly People: Response to Priming Temptation in Obese Individuals

The risk of obesity-related disorders is increased among the elderly, so changing eating habits can be an important element of prevention. The main aim of this article is to consider whether looking at pictures that present either fattening food or healthy food may motivate elderly people to change their nutrition habits. Might priming different kinds of food influence the attractiveness of the food for people in late adulthood undergoing obesity therapy? Based on priming theories, we analysed the effects of the conscious processing of stimuli associated with dietary habits in individuals aged with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2. Our experiments confirmed the influence of a higher-priority goal of “slimming” on the perception and internalization of nutrition-related stimuli. In response to such stimuli, individuals who are actively involved in weight reduction and health-oriented programs use strategies for resisting temptation and to effectively “slim”. We present our findings in the context of their theoretical background and practical application.

Polish adaptation and validation of the Dieting Self-Efficacy Scale

background Dieting self-efficacy is defined as individual’s belief in his or her ability to adhere to a diet in order to lose or maintain current weight. Self-efficacious individuals can overcome challenges and obstacles while dieting. The main objective of this study is to report the psychometric properties of the first Polish adaptation of the Dieting Self-Efficacy Scale (DIET-SE) of Christine Stich, Barbel Knauper, and Ami Tint. The original Canadian DIET-SE is a scenario-based scale assessing dieting self-efficacy for weight loss and maintenance. It consists of three subscales and assesses dieting self-efficacy for three different types of temptation situations.

Polish adaptation and validation of the Anti-Fat Attitudes Scale – AFAS

Background: ‪Bias, stigma, and discrimination in relation to weight are frequently experienced by many obese people. The goal of the present study was to develop a Polish adaptation of the Anti-Fat Attitudes Scale (AFAS) proposed by Morrison and O’Connor. Material/Methods: ‪The study was conducted on undergraduate students of the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. The original Canadian Scale Anti-Fat Attitudes Scale was translated into Polish, and its factor structure, reliability and construct validity were determined. Results: ‪ The exploratory factor analysis (Study 1) supported the development of the Polish version of the AntiFat Attitudes Scale with a one-dimensional structure modeled on the original version of the scale (factor loading ranged from .71 to .85). The confirmatory factor analysis (Study 2) validated the one-factor structure of the tool with high values of GFI and AGFI (above .95) and an acceptable value of RMSEA (RMSEA =.07). The results of the analysis revealed that satisfactory stability was maintained over a 4-week period. The validity criterion was confirmed based on correlations with the constructs that were theoretically linked to this phenomenon. Conclusions: The Polish version of the AFAS can be used to measure negative attitudes toward overweight individuals.

Subiektywna ocena masy ciała a zachowania żywieniowe kobiet w wieku prokreacyjnym

Subjective assessment of body weight and eating behavior of women in the reproductive age Objective: To investigate the emotional and habitual binge eating and the use of dietary restrictions in relation to the possessed and the expected body weight, physical activity and the willingness to change weight among young women of reproductive age. Material and methods: The study included 332 women aged 18 to 27 (20.6 ± 1.4) years who completed the Questionnaire of Eating Behavior of Nina Oginska-Bulik and Leszek Putynski extended to own constructed inquiry form questions relative to body weight, the incidence of weight loss diets, level of physical activity and place of residence. Then women were measured height, weight and body fat. Results: Among women, 63.9% of respondents were dissatisfied with their body shape, and 33.5% were dieting although 1 time. Women with excess body weight compared to the women with normal weight were most dissatisfied with body shape (97.9% vs. 65.1%, p < 0.01) and showed the greatest tendency to emotional overeat (4.5 ± 2.2 points round. 5.2 ± 2 points, p < 0.01) and dietary restriction (3.5 ± 2.7 vs. 4.8 ± 2.3, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Women of childbearing age, regardless of weight loss, should be surrounded by a preventive education program, taking into account aspects of proper nutrition and psychology in order to prevent the development of eating disorders, including pregorexia, that may affect their and child health.