Mamoru Amemiya

The Physical Characteristics of Greenways that Instill the Fear of Crime in a New Town

ニュータウン内の緑道を対象に, 犯罪不安の発生と緑道の物的な構造との関係を解明し, さらに, 犯罪不安を誘発する緑道の物的な構造が, 緑道の風景の好ましさにどのように影響しているかを考察した。「視界深度」「住棟距離」の2要因を設定した評価実験の結果, とくに住棟の存在が確認できない場所で見通しを確保し, 住棟と近接した場所で見通しを適度に遮ることが, 好ましさと犯罪不安の双方にとって望ましい評価につながると考えられた。好ましい風景を保ちながら, 安心して歩行できる緑道を形成するためには, 2要因を操作することで, 居住者と利用者相互の関わりを適切なレベルで構築する必要があることが示唆された。

A study of the maintenance and management scheme for provisional open spaces

In general, planners have conceptualized open spaces as permanent fixtures of the urban landscape. At present, however, the number of provisional open spaces—sites such as vacant lots that can be utilized temporarily—is rapidly increasing. In response to the proliferation of provisional open spaces, the city of Kashiwa, a commuter town east of Tokyo in Chiba Prefecture, established the kashiniwa scheme in 2010. This scheme aims to utilize provisional open spaces as sites for activities by citizen groups. This study identified the characteristics of kashiniwa and the problems in the advanced citizen activity supported by kashiniwa through document analysis and group interviews. An important characteristic of the kashiniwa scheme is that Kashiwa city supports citizen groups by offering subsidies without any strict regulation of group activities, permitting groups to develop various distinct and innovative activities, such as agriculture, not seen in more conventional parks and green spaces. However, issues of soil preparation for agro-activities and insufficient consensus building were identified as key problems. This study concludes that kashiniwa has potential to make provisional open spaces more attractive, if solutions to the problems identified in this study can be identified.