Man-Seok Han

pH-dependent release property of alginate beads containing calcium carbonate particles

Alginate bead containing calcium carbonate particle were prepared by dropping the suspension of alginate/calcium carbonate (4/1, w/w) into aqueous solution of CaCl2 (0.1 M). The pH-dependent release property of the bead was observed for 12 h using blue dextran as a model drug. The release increased up to 4 h in a saturation manner. When no calcium carbonate was contained, the release exhibited no marked variation with pH and the values were 27–39%. On the other hand, in case calcium carbonate was included in the matrix of alginate beads, intensive release(40–50%) was achieved in acidic and neutral conditions and the degrees of release were suppressed in alkali conditions and the values were ∼20%. The pH-sensitive release property is possibly because the particles of calcium carbonate embedded in the matrix of beads were leached out in acidic and neutral conditions, leaving cavities in the matrix. The cavities are likely to be main pathways for the release of blue dextran.

The effects of Task-Oriented Activity after applying Low Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Cerebral Motor Evoked Potential Emplitude and Latency in Stroke Patients

To investigate the effects of task-oriented activities under the residual effect after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on cerebral motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitude, cerebral motor evoked potential (MEP) latency in stroke patients, this study conducted an intervention program on two groups (experimental group TIL, control groups – GRT, each consisting of 10 patients) of chronic stroke patients. The program−which was conducted three times a week for 6 weeks−evaluated the MEP amplitudes, MEP latency before and after the experiment. In an inter-group test of MEP amplitude and MEP latency, all groups showed an increase between preand post-test evaluations. In an intergroup examination on MEP amplitude and MEP latency, a significant difference was observed between the TIL and GRT groups.

Development of a Femur Neck Bone Mineral Density Measuring Device for Accurate Examination

In bone density examinations, a change in the measured BMD occurs owing to the differences between the measured areas. To address this problem, we aimed to develop a new auxiliary device that could be rotated by 15o by fixing the ankle to the distal femur neck. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of BMD examinations were performed once a year, but 10 patients were examined over three sessions to analyze the area for measuring the femur neck BMD. The goal of this test was to determine the device’s reliability, and the results were expressed in terms of the standard deviation of measurements. After performing bone density measurements using the new auxiliary device on 10 normal patients, with three measurements for each patient, the obtained standard deviation was 0.03. The standard deviation of the measured BMD was 0.19 when using the currently existing auxiliary device, while the standard deviation of the measured BMD was 0.03 when using the new auxiliary device. By using the new auxiliary device, the standard deviation could be reduced by ~80%. Accurate rotation of the femur neck was possible in all examinations, and the standard deviation of BMD measurements could be reduced by up to 80% compared with the measurements performed using the currently existing auxiliary device. We hope that this advantageous new design can be used as a standard auxiliary device for measuring the femur neck BMD.

Hard Tissue Analysis of NMR after Fluoride Administration

Fluoride (F) is an important element for the mineralization of body tissues. The purpose of this study was to administer fluoride prenatally to rats to evaluate its beneficial concentration for rat bone using microstructural analysis, to analyze its effect on the bone structure, and to evaluate the effect of its transfer through rat placenta. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (NMR) were performed. The 19 F NMR and 31 P NMR signals suggested the existence of fluoride ions in the apatite lattice because the signals were caused by the fluoride ions that were coupled to the phosphate atoms and were affected in the phosphate phases other than the element phases in the apatite. Consequently, if it was not affected too much, the desirable concentration of prenatal fluoride treatment could have a helpful effect on the bone crystal structure through placental fluoride transfer.

Evaluation of image reconstruction according to changing physical parameter

This study is to determine an optimum kernel, which objectively compares and analyzes the image according to physical parameters such as FBP, which is widely used in abdominal CT, as well as SAFIRE, which was developed recently. CT images were acquired with a 20-cm-diameter cylinder phantom filled with water and a SOMATOM Definition Edge CT (Siemens Healthcare). The images were reconstructed with a 3-mm-thick kernel such as FBP, which has B10 (very smooth), B20 (smooth), B30 (medium smooth), B40 (medium), B50 (medium sharp), and SAFIRE, which has I30 (strength 1 to 5) and I40 (strength 1 to 5). SNR, PSNR, RMSE, MAE and Plot profile were measured using the image J (version 1.49q; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA) in reconstructed images. In conclusion, the optimum kernel for abdominal CT should be a SAFIRE I30 kernel of strength 1.

A Survey on Perception Level of the Radiological Technologist's about Culture of Patient Safety

Patient safety culture for the general hospital to investigate the perception of radiological technologists, managing of the patient safety provides the Foundation for the safety activities as a basis to develop a program for providing. Patient safety culture for the general hospital to investigate the perception of Radiological technologists, the duration of the survey of the study on June 13, 2012 to June 20, and five general hospitals worked on Radiological technologists workers were material and analyzed the target of 198 (SPSS ver. 19.0). Patient safety activities within the Department, the factors affecting direct care, communication, medical malpractice, hospitals rated, safe for the patient safety culture and the reported accidents, dangerous and caused an accident, most feel that patient safety incident reporting system according to the results of evaluating medical accidents patient safety culture regarding recognition, work appeared in more than 25 years, even the most highly evaluated, the working period of 10 patient safety to 15 years the most highly. Therefore, General Hospital, Director of the patient safety culture improvement of radiation in order to have sufficient staffing, aggressive approach to patient safety issues, and safe working period of relapse prevention of accidents to the radiation as well as giving systematic consideration of mission medical accident reporting system will be active.

A comparative quantitative analysis of the IDEAL (iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation) and the CHESS (chemical shift selection suppression) techniques in 3.0 T L-spine MRI

This study was conducted on 20 patients who had undergone pedicle screw fixation between March and December 2010 to quantitatively compare a conventional fat suppression technique, CHESS (chemical shift selection suppression), and a new technique, IDEAL (iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least squares estimation). The general efficacy and usefulness of the IDEAL technique was also evaluated. Fat-suppressed transverse-relaxation-weighed images and longitudinal-relaxation-weighted images were obtained before and after contrast injection by using these two techniques with a 1.5T MR (magnetic resonance) scanner. The obtained images were analyzed for image distortion, susceptibility artifacts and homogenous fat removal in the target region. The results showed that the image distortion due to the susceptibility artifacts caused by implanted metal was lower in the images obtained using the IDEAL technique compared to those obtained using the CHESS technique. The results of a qualitative analysis also showed that compared to the CHESS technique, fewer susceptibility artifacts and more homogenous fat removal were found in the images obtained using the IDEAL technique in a comparative image evaluation of the axial plane images before and after contrast injection. In summary, compared to the CHESS technique, the IDEAL technique showed a lower occurrence of susceptibility artifacts caused by metal and lower image distortion. In addition, more homogenous fat removal was shown in the IDEAL technique.

The Clinical usefulness of the tangential projection view of Radius groove after Distal Radius Fracture operation using the T-type Plat

Introduction : The projection method to check existence and nonexistence of radius groove penetration of screw after distal radius fracture operation clinical using the T-type plate and the radiation of radial groove tangential is to propose a new test. Material and Methods : On the tangential projection view of radius groove, elevation angle of distal radius is 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 degree. and forearm and radiation detector of angle is 60, 70, 80, degree each changed. that analyzed check existence and nonexistence of radius groove penetration of screw. Results : For the image of Radial groove tangential. the case of not radius groove penetration of screw(63.95%, n=55), medial penetration of radius groove(10.47%, n=9) or lateral penetration of radius groove(25.58%, n=22) was analysis. The radius groove penetrating of screw length was a range of 0.43 ∼ 2.72mm, the average was 1.06mm. the check existence and nonexistence of radius groove penetration of medial or lateral was analysis that it accurate for the image of Radial groove tangential. the radiography of radial groove is well described elevation angle of distal radius 2.5 to 7.5 degree(90% over), forearm and radiation detector of angle 70degree(80%over) Conclusion : It is elevation angle of distal radius is 5degree, forearm and radiation detector of angle 70degree recommended.

Evaluate Utility of Thyroid Cancer Discrimination by 18 F-FDG PET/CT Delay Scan Images

Abstract Purpose : To evaluate the degree of malignancy of incident thyroid lesion found in 18F-FDG PET/CT findings and the usefulness of the method suggested in this study, we applicate the Delay Scan Method that differentiate a false positive benign tumor, inflammation and malignancy, as well as make the criteria of SUV.Materials and Methods : A retrograde study was conducted of 25 patients(1 exception) who were admitted in E hospital to receive 18F-FDG PET/CT examination until Janaary and April of 2008. 18F-FDG PET/CT image photographing was taken in Biograph-Duo made by SIEMENS, after taking normal 18F-FDG PET/CT image(1hr) and then 1hr later we took the thyroid 1 bed-delayed image for the patients who showed abnormal thyroid 18F-FDG uptake and above 2.0 SUV for 2 minutes every 1 bed. For the patients who showed abnormal thyroid uptake and above 2.0 SUV, 1hr later, we took a 1 bed-delayed image and then made a comparative study between measured maxSUV of 1hr-abnormal uptake image and that of 2hr-delayed image. Results : In this 18F-FDG PET/CT study among the patients who showed incidental 18F-FDG thyroidal uptake the number of thyroid cancer was 5(20.8%), all of then showed benign findings. a comparison of results for 18F-FDG PET/CT. the benign patient measured maxSUV in the PET/CT. image(1hr) mean value 5.06maxSUV and delay image(2hr) mean value 5.23maxSUV differences of two value is 0.19maxSUV and the malignantIt patient measured maxSUV in the PET/CT. image(1hr) mean value 9.63maxSUV and delay image(2hr) mean value 10.65maxSUV differences of two value is 10.65maxSUV in Thyroid abnormal uptake patients.Conclusion : in the case of incidental 18F-FDG uptake in thyroid, max SUV of focal thyroid lesion is above 5.0 if 18F-FDG PET/CT examine the delayed images to add, You could see that reasonable diagnostic method useful. to differentiate whether lesions of malignant

The Qualitative Analysis of Single Shot Fast Spin Echo (SSFSE) and Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) on Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography

3-dimensional magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) images reconstructed using the maximum intensity projection technique were analyzed qualitatively in patients diagnosed with pancreatobiliary diseases to determine their diagnostic utility. Single shot fast spin echo (SSFSE), fast spin echo (FSE) and 3-dimensional reconstructive images were acquired from 20 patients diagnosed histologically with pancreatobiliary diseases using a 3.0T MR scanner. According to qualitative analysis, the fast spin echo images and 3-dimensional reconstructed images of the hepatic duct, gall bladder and common bile duct had a higher signal to noise ratio (SNR) than the single shot fast spin echo images. Fast spin echo images and 3-dimensional reconstructed images did not show any differences. The contrast to noise ratio of the hepatic duct, gallbladder and common bile duct on the fast spin echo images and 3-dimensional reconstructed images was higher than that of the single shot fast spin echo images. The fast spin echo images and 3-dimensional reconstructed images showed similar quality.