Manuel Isorna

Profiles of Internet use and parental involvement, and rates of online risks and problematic Internet use among Spanish adolescents

Abstract This study aimed to empirically identify the major adolescent Internet user profiles in Spanish secondary students based on self-reported pattern of use, level of parental control and parent-child conflict around use, and to characterize their demographics and rates of engaging in online risky experiences and screening positive for problematic Internet use (PIU). Students from 255 secondary schools throughout the Galicia region of Spain completed an anonymous, online survey in school, with 39,993 having sufficient data for analyses. We used two-stage cluster analysis to identify the groups, and then compared demographics, online risks and PIU rates across groups. We identified five clusters: occasional users (21.4%), moderate users with parental control (22.2%), moderate users without parental control (22.1%), habitual users with parent-child conflict (16.8%), and intensive users (17.5%). The heaviest user groups had the highest rates of any online risk (>60%) and PIU (>25%). The majority of adolescents with frequent Internet use have engaged in online risky experiences. Such behaviors, and problematic Internet use, are higher among adolescents without parental control over their use, so empowering parents to moderate their childs Internet use is encouraged. These findings highlight the need to support parents, schools, and policymakers in prevention, since it is a shared responsibility.

Minors and problematic Internet use: Evidence for better prevention

Abstract The expansion of ICT has contributed to the emergence of a new issue of increasing importance: problematic Internet use. Addressing this phenomenon comes with the understanding that it is not isolated from other online risky behaviors or other common problems in adolescence, such as substance use. This suggests the desirability in identifying common factors that can guide preventive work. This empirical study based on a sample of 3772 Spanish adolescents aged between 12 and 17 years has allowed: a) to verify that the use of Internet and social networking sites is widespread; b) to demonstrate that problematic Internet use is associated with different online risky practices (contacting strangers, sexting, online gambling …), as well as substance use, and c) to identify personal variables related to problematic Internet use and online risky behaviors. The results obtained emphasize the relevance of relying on a transversal approach to prevention, based on values and life skills education.

Consumo de cannabis entre adolescentes: patrón de riesgo, implicaciones y posibles variables explicativas

In contrast to the achievements with other substances, it has not yet been possible to reduce the levels of cannabis use, the most used illegal substance among Spanish adolescents. The objective of this paper consists of updating levels of use (incorporating ages 12 and 13), estimating high-risk use and analyzing possible associated variables. For this purpose, a correlational method was used consisting of the administration of a survey to compulsory secondary school and high school students from the autonomous community of Galicia (Spain) in 2016. Results obtained from a sample of 3,882 Galician adolescents aged 12 to 18 (M = 14.52; SD = 1.72) reveal that the percentage of adolescents currently using tobacco and cannabis is higher than that of those using tobacco alone (12.7% vs 10.5%). This implies not only a higher probability of using other illegal substances, but also of developing rather high-risk use pattern, binge drinking or even experiencing problematic Internet use or cyberbullying. From a preventive perspective, the results reveal that personal variables such as self-esteem, assertiveness, social skills or impulsiveness have really weak explanatory power compared with other variables related to the setting of rules and limits by parents. One of the main conclusions of this paper is the need to adopt a comprehensive prevention approach.

Recomendaciones para el apoyo psicológico a jóvenes deportistas en los centros de alto rendimiento Tips to psychological support to young athletes in high performance centers

En el contexto deportivo el alto rendimiento constituye uno de los topicos que mas interes ha suscitado en la literatura y que mas demanda genera a nivel aplicado. A raiz de la evidencia disponible, las organizaciones deportivas e instituciones han definido estrategias de captacion y formacion de jovenes deportistas, destinando recursos economicos, materiales y humanos con el objetivo de maximizar su potencial. Los Centros de Alto Rendimiento (CAR) y los centros de Tecnificacion Deportiva (CTD) constituyen un buen ejemplo de ello. Hoy en dia la mayoria de estos centros cuentan con equipos multidisciplinares donde conviven diferentes tipos de profesionales: desde preparadores fisicos, medicos, nutricionistas, recuperadores, hasta psicologos del deporte. Precisamente la supervision de los aspectos psicologicos vinculados al alto rendimiento ha cobrado una mayor importancia en los ultimos anos. En el presente trabajo, la evaluacion realizada a 57 jovenes residentes en el Centro Galego de Tecnificacion Deportiva de Pontevedra ha permitido identificar algunas claves para proporcionar un adecuado apoyo psicologico a los deportistas en formacion. Mas aun, la informacion obtenida se traduce en recomendaciones que facilitan el trabajo diario de los entrenadores y contribuye a una mayor optimizacion de los recursos invertidos.

Índices Antropométricos en Canoístas de Elite Jóvenes de Aguas Tranquilas

El objetivo de este estudio fue describir las caracteristicas de los indices antropometricos en canoistas de categoria cadete. A un total de 33 canoistas se les valoro peso, talla, envergadura, talla sentado, perimetros de la cintura y cadera, longitudes del brazo y antebrazo, asi como diametros biacromial y biileocrestal. Se calculo el indice de masa corporal (IMC), ratio cintura-cadera, envergadura relativa e indices cormico, de Manouvrier, acromio-iliaco y braquial. La mayor parte de los canoistas de categoria cadete obtuvieron valores propios de normopeso respecto al IMC, valores bajos de ratio cintura-cadera y una envergadura mayor que la altura. Existe una mayor variedad respecto al resto de indices estudiados, dandose un mayor numero de casos de tronco medio para el indice cormico, extremidades inferiores largas para el indice de Manuovrier, tronco trapezoidal e intermedio para el indice acromio-iliaco y antebrazo medio y corto para el indice braquial.