Marc Seguin
Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement
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Publication
Featured researches published by Marc Seguin.
Theoretical and Applied Genetics | 2000
Denis Lespinasse; Marguerite Rodier-Goud; Laurent Grivet; Antoine Leconte; Hyacinthe Legnaté; Marc Seguin
Abstractu2002The first genetic map for Hevea spp. (2n=36) is presented here. It is based on a F1 progeny of 106 individuals allowing the construction of a female, a male, and a synthetic map according to the pseudo-testcross strategy. Progeny were derived from an interspecific cross between PB260, a H. brasiliensis cultivated clone, and RO38, a H. brasiliensis×H. benthamiana interspecific hybrid clone. The disomic inheritance observed for all the codominant markers scattered on the 2n=36 chromosomes revealed that Hevea behaves as diploids. Homologous linkage groups between the two parental maps were merged using bridge loci. A total of 717 loci constituted the synthetic map, including 301 RFLPs, 388 AFLPs, 18 microsatellites, and 10 isozymes. The markers were assembled into 18 linkage groups, thus reflecting the basic chromosome number, and covered a total distance of 2144 cM. Nine markers were found to be unlinked. Segregation distortion was rare (1.4%). Average marker density was 1 per 3 cM. Comparison of the distance between loci in the parental maps revealed significantly less meiotic recombination in the interspecific hybrid male parent than in the female parent. Hevea origin and genome organisation are discussed.
Theoretical and Applied Genetics | 1999
Nazeema Jannoo; Laurent Grivet; Marc Seguin; Florence Paulet; Robert Domaingue; P.S. Rao; A. Dookun; Angélique D'Hont; Jean-Christophe Glaszmann
Abstractu2002Molecular diversity was analysed among 162 clones of sugarcane using DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). One hundred and nine of them were modern cultivars of interspecific origin; most of them were bred in Barbados or in Mauritius. Fifty three were from Saccharum officinarum species, which is the major source of genes in modern cultivars, prevailing over the part of the genome incorporated from the wild species Saccharum spontaneum. Twelve low-copy nuclear DNA probes scattered over the genome were used in combination with one or two restriction enzymes. A total of 399 fragments was identified, 386 of which were polymorphic. Each sugarcane clone displayed a high number of fragments per probe/enzyme combination, illustrating the polyploid constitution of the genome. Among the S. officinarum clones, those from New Guinea had the largest variability and encompassed that present among clones collected from the Indonesian Islands and those known to have been involved in the parentage of modern cultivars. This is in agreement with the hypothesis that New Guinea is the centre of origin of this species. The clones from New Caledonia formed a separate group and could correspond to S. officinarum clones modified through introgression with other members of the ‘Saccharum complex’. Despite the low number of S. officinarum clones used for breeding cultivars, more than 80% of the markers present in the whole S. officinarum sample were also found in modern cultivars due probably to a high heterozygosity related to polyploidy. Among the cultivars, the two main groups, originating from Barbados and Mauritius, were clearly separated. This appeared essentially due to S. spontaneum alleles present in Mauritian cultivars and absent in Barbadan ones, probably in relation to the regular use of early generation interspecific hybrids in the breeding program employed in Mauritius.
Theoretical and Applied Genetics | 1994
P. Besse; Marc Seguin; Patricia Lebrun; M. H. Chevallier; D. Nicolas; Claire Lanaud
Restriction fragment length polymorphism was assessed in wild and cultivated populations of Hevea brasiliensis using random probes from an Hevea nuclear library. One-hundred-and-sixty-four individuals were surveyed, and the results discussed in the light of previous work performed on isozyme variation. Both studies show that germplasm collections have led to an effective enrichment of the genetic resources available for Hevea breeding, and that cultivated clones have conserved a relatively high level of polymorphism, despite their narrow genetic base and their high level of inbreeding. An equivalent level of polymorphism is revealed by random nuclear probes and isozymes. However, the genetic structuring of the diversity appears more striking using RFLP markers. Wild accessions can be divided into three genetic groups according to their geographical origin. The present results are an essential guide to the incorporation of wild material in breeding schemes.
Euphytica | 1998
Patricia Lebrun; Yavo Pierre N'Cho; Marc Seguin; Laurent Grivet; Luc Baudouin
A study of the genetic diversity in coconut by RFLP analysis was performed in 100 individuals representing 10 Tall and seven Dwarf local populations or ecotypes from various geographical origins. Nine cDNA clones from rice, one mitochondrial DNA clone (CoxI) and one genomic clone (rDNA) from wheat were used as probe for southern hybridization. The distribution of the 40 polymorphic bands revealed by rice cDNA clones was studied using a multivariate analysis and allowed to identify two main genetical groups. The first one includes the ecotypes from the Far East and from the South Pacific, whereas the other one comprises the ecotypes from India, Sri Lanka and Western Africa. The rDNA and the CoxI probes confirm this distinction. The Far East and the Pacific regions which were the most likely center of origin also exhibit the widest polymorphism. The associations between the Panama Tall and the Pacific group and between the West African Tall and the Indian Ocean group reflect their likely origin. The Comoro Tall appears to be intermediate between the two main groups, and could reflect the old migration route between Indonesia and Madagascar. All Dwarf varieties belong to the first group, even those collected in West Africa. Those were probably introduced from Asia and Pacific at the beginning of the century. The cross-pollinating Tall ecotypes were generally more polymorphic than the self pollinating Dwarf ecotypes. The legitimacy of two hybrids between ecotypes was confirmed and maternal inheritance of mitochondrial genome was observed.
BMC Plant Biology | 2010
Isabelle Hippolyte; Frédéric Bakry; Marc Seguin; Laëtitia Gardes; Ronan Rivallan; Ange-Marie Risterucci; Christophe Jenny; Xavier Perrier; Françoise Carreel; Xavier Argout; Pietro Piffanelli; Imtiaz Khan; Robert N.G. Miller; Georgios Pappas; Didier Mbéguié-A-Mbéguié; Takashi Matsumoto; Veronique De Bernardinis; Eric Huttner; Andrzej Kilian; Franc-Christophe Baurens; Angélique D'Hont; François Xavier Côte; Brigitte Courtois; Jean-Christophe Glaszmann
BackgroundThe genus Musa is a large species complex which includes cultivars at diploid and triploid levels. These sterile and vegetatively propagated cultivars are based on the A genome from Musa acuminata, exclusively for sweet bananas such as Cavendish, or associated with the B genome (Musa balbisiana) in cooking bananas such as Plantain varieties. In M. acuminata cultivars, structural heterozygosity is thought to be one of the main causes of sterility, which is essential for obtaining seedless fruits but hampers breeding. Only partial genetic maps are presently available due to chromosomal rearrangements within the parents of the mapping populations. This causes large segregation distortions inducing pseudo-linkages and difficulties in ordering markers in the linkage groups. The present study aims at producing a saturated linkage map of M. acuminata, taking into account hypotheses on the structural heterozygosity of the parents.ResultsAn F1 progeny of 180 individuals was obtained from a cross between two genetically distant accessions of M. acuminata, Borneo and Pisang Lilin (P. Lilin). Based on the gametic recombination of each parent, two parental maps composed of SSR and DArT markers were established. A significant proportion of the markers (21.7%) deviated (p < 0.05) from the expected Mendelian ratios. These skewed markers were distributed in different linkage groups for each parent. To solve some complex ordering of the markers on linkage groups, we associated tools such as tree-like graphic representations, recombination frequency statistics and cytogenetical studies to identify structural rearrangements and build parsimonious linkage group order. An illustration of such an approach is given for the P. Lilin parent.ConclusionsWe propose a synthetic map with 11 linkage groups containing 489 markers (167 SSRs and 322 DArTs) covering 1197 cM. This first saturated map is proposed as a reference Musa map for further analyses. We also propose two complete parental maps with interpretations of structural rearrangements localized on the linkage groups. The structural heterozygosity in P. Lilin is hypothesized to result from a duplication likely accompanied by an inversion on another chromosome. This paper also illustrates a methodological approach, transferable to other species, to investigate the mapping of structural rearrangements and determine their consequences on marker segregation.
Theoretical and Applied Genetics | 2000
Denis Lespinasse; Laurent Grivet; Valérie Troispoux; Marguerite Rodier-Goud; Fabrice Pinard; Marc Seguin
Abstractu2002South American leaf blight (SALB) is a disease of the rubber tree caused by the fungus Microcyclus ulei. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for resistance were mapped using 195 F1 progeny individuals derived from the cross between a susceptible cultivated clone, PB260, and a resistant clone, RO38, derived from interspecific hybridization. The resistance level of the progeny individuals was evaluated in controlled conditions. The reaction type (RT) and the lesion diameter (LD) were measured on immature leaves after artificial inoculation of the fungus. Five different strains of the fungus were used, all highly sporulating on PB260. Among those, four did not sporulate and one sporulated partially on RO38. Both pseudo-testcross parental genetic maps and the consensus map were constructed. The search for QTLs was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis marker-by-marker test and the Interval-Mapping method for the three maps. Eight QTLs for resistance were identified on the RO38 map. Only one QTL was detected on the PB260 map. The analysis of the F1 consensus map confirmed results obtained with the parental maps. A common QTL was detected for resistance to the five strains for both RT and LD. Two QTLs were common for complete resistance to four strains, for RT and LD respectively. Resistance determinism for complete and partial resistance, and perspectives for breeding for durable resistance to SALB are discussed.
Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira | 2002
Edson Barcelos; Philippe Amblard; Julien Berthaud; Marc Seguin
Abstract – The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic diversity, its organization and thegenetic relationships within oil palm ( Elaeis oleifera (Kunth) Cortes, from America, and E. guineensis(Jacq.), from Africa) germplasm using Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) and AmplifiedFragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP). In complement to a previous RFLP study on 241 E. oleiferaaccessions, 38 E. guineensis accessions were analyzed using the same 37 cDNA probes. These accessionscovered a large part of the geographical distribution areas of these species in America and Africa. Inaddition, AFLP analysis was performed on a sub-set of 40 accessions of E. oleifera and 22 of E. guineensisusing three pairs of enzyme/primer combinations. Data were subjected to Factorial Analysis ofCorrespondence (FAC) and cluster analysis, with parameters of genetic diversity being also studied.Results appeared congruent between RFLP and AFLP. In the E. oleifera, AFLP confirmed the strongstructure of genetic diversity revealed by RFLP, according to geographical origin of the studied material,with the identification of the same four distinct genetic groups: Brazil, French Guyana/Surinam, Peru,north of Colombia/Central America. Both markers revealed that genetic divergence between the twospecies is of the same magnitude as that among provenances of E. oleifera. This finding is in discrepancywith the supposed early tertiary separation of the two species.Index terms: Elaeis oleifera, Elaeis guineensis, population genetics, palm species, genetic resources,molecular chacterization.Diversidade e relacao genetica entre o dende americano e o africanorevelada por marcadores moleculares do tipo RFLP e AFLPResumo – O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a diversidade genetica, sua organizacao e a relacaogenetica no germoplasma de dende ( Elaeis oleifera (Kunth) Cortes, de origem americana, e E. guineensis(Jacq.), africana), pelas tecnicas de Polimorfismo de Comprimento de Fragmentos de Restricao (RestrictionFragment Length Polymorphism – RFLP) e Polimorfismo de Comprimento de Fragmentos Amplificados(Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism – AFLP). Em complemento a um estudo previo de RFLPem 241 acessos de E. oleifera, 38 acessos de E. guineensis foram analisados usando as mesmas 37sondas de cDNA. Os acessos estudados cobrem uma grande parte da area de distribuicao geograficadestas duas especies nos continentes Americano e Africano, respectivamente. Alem disso, analises commarcadores AFLP foram realizadas em uma subamostra com 40 acessos de E. oleifera e 22 de E. guineensis,empregando tres combinacoes de pares enzima/primer. Os dados foram submetidos a analise fatorial decorrespondencia (AFC) e analise de cluster, sendo tambem estimados parâmetros de diversidade genetica.Os resultados obtidos apresentaram grande coerencia entre as duas tecnicas utilizadas, RFLP e AFLP.Na especie E. oleifera, a tecnica AFLP confirmou a forte estruturacao da diversidade genetica reveladapela tecnica de RFLP, de acordo com a origem geografica do material estudado e com a identificacao dosmesmos quatro grupos geneticos distintos: Brasil, Guiana Francesa/Suriname, Peru e norte da Colombia/America Central. Entretanto, ambos os marcadores revelaram que a divergencia entre as duas especiese da mesma magnitude da divergencia dentro da especie americana. Este resultado esta em discrepânciacom uma suposta separacao das duas especies durante a era terciaria.Termos para indexacao: Elaeis oleifera , Elaeis guineensis , genetica de populacao, palmeiras, recursosgeneticos, caracterizacao molecular.
Heredity | 2012
Benoit Barrès; Jean Carlier; Marc Seguin; Catherine Fenouillet; Christian Cilas; Virginie Ravigné
Understanding the processes by which new diseases are introduced in previously healthy areas is of major interest in elaborating prevention and management policies, as well as in understanding the dynamics of pathogen diversity at large spatial scale. In this study, we aimed to decipher the dispersal processes that have led to the emergence of the plant pathogenic fungus Microcyclus ulei, which is responsible for the South American Leaf Blight (SALB). This fungus has devastated rubber tree plantations across Latin America since the beginning of the twentieth century. As only imprecise historical information is available, the study of population evolutionary history based on population genetics appeared most appropriate. The distribution of genetic diversity in a continental sampling of four countries (Brazil, Ecuador, Guatemala and French Guiana) was studied using a set of 16 microsatellite markers developed specifically for this purpose. A very strong genetic structure was found (Fst=0.70), demonstrating that there has been no regular gene flow between Latin American M. ulei populations. Strong bottlenecks probably occurred at the foundation of each population. The most likely scenario of colonization identified by the Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) method implemented in DIYABC suggested two independent sources from the Amazonian endemic area. The Brazilian, Ecuadorian and Guatemalan populations might stem from serial introductions through human-mediated movement of infected plant material from an unsampled source population, whereas the French Guiana population seems to have arisen from an independent colonization event through spore dispersal.
Heredity | 1993
Pascale Besse; Patricia Lebrun; Marc Seguin; Claire Lanaud
The suitability of DNA fingerprints as genetic markers in Hevea brasiliensis was tested. Using the human minisatellite probe 33.6, the 73 cultivated (Wickham) clones studied exhibited individual-specific, reproducible and somatically stable hybridization patterns, with stably inherited fragments. This probe has been found to be a powerful new tool for clonal identification as an alternative to isozymatic markers.
Genetics Selection Evolution | 1998
Serge Hamon; Stéphane Dussert; Monique Deu; Perla Hamon; Marc Seguin; Jean-Christophe Glaszmann; Laurent Grivet; Jacques Chantereau; Marie-Hélène Chevallier; Albert Flori; Philippe Lashermes; Hyacinthe Legnaté; Michel Noirot
La strategie PCSS (Principal Component Score Strategy) est une methode de selection, basee sur des analyses multivariees, proposee pour constituer des core collection a partir de collections importantes de ressources genetiques. La methode decrite sur des donnees quantitatives est adaptee ici a des donnees qualitatives de type moleculaire. Ces deux methodes ont ete testees pour leurs impacts sur la structure de quatre plantes tropicales: cafeier; hevea, riz et sorgho. Les resultats montrent, dans tous les cas, que laugmentation des contributions relatives cumulees (CRC) sont tres rapides mais different dune espece a lautre. Dix pour cent de la collection totale permet dobtenir de 22 a 58 % de CRC. Comme prevu, la variabilite des caracteres quantitatifs dans les echantillons, est peu ou pas modifiee lorsque la selection est qualitative mais elle lest fortement par une selection quantitative. La selection qualitative apparait comme la plus efficace pour conserver les alleves rares et augmenter la diversite globale avec des effets limites au niveau quantitatif. Lutilisation despeces tres differentes a permis de comparer les impacts respectifs des deux methodes et de mettre en lumiere les avantages dune selection combinee sur les deux types dapproches.
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Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement
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View shared research outputsCentre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement
View shared research outputsCentre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement
View shared research outputsCentre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement
View shared research outputsCentre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement
View shared research outputsCentre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement
View shared research outputsCentre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement
View shared research outputs