Marcelo D. Arana

Patrones biogeográficos de los helechos de las Sierras de Córdoba (Argentina) y sus implicancias en la conservación

Los atlas biogeograficos son la sintesis de patrones de distribucion representada por trazos individuales, generalizados, nodos, areas de endemismo y cladogramas de areas, y a partir de ellos es posible establecer areas prioritarias a conservar. Los helechos son indicadores de calidad de los habitats y su falta de relaciones coevolutivas con vectores bioticos, asi como su monofilia y estabilidad morfologica los hacen apropiados para establecer patrones biogeograficos. Nuestro objetivo fue aplicar analisis de trazos y parsimonia de endemismos a la flora de helechos de las Sierras de Cordoba (77 taxones) para contribuir a la elaboracion del Atlas Biogeografico centro-argentino. El patron distribucional encontrado muestra las estrechas relaciones de estos helechos con las floras de las Sierras Subandinas; los Andes del Norte, los sistemas serranos de Buenos Aires y el sur de Brasil, correspondiendose con el Arco Peripampasico Serrano. La proteccion de un espacio geografico rico y complejo, con taxones endemicos y de distribucion mas amplia, garantiza preservar las condiciones en las que los taxones se desenvuelven. En este sentido, las sierras de Cordoba son un area prioritaria para conservar, porque constituyen un nodo o area biogeograficamente compleja, con una riqueza apreciable en especies de helechos y origenes historicos, siendo un centro de convergencia biotica.

Biogeographical relationships and new regionalisation of high-altitude grasslands and woodlands of the central Pampean Ranges (Argentina), based on vascular plants and vertebrates

Abstract. Evolutionary biogeography aims to provide a hierarchical system of biotic regionalisation for areas of the Earth that correspond to natural areas related by their common evolutionary history. In this context, the central Pampean Ranges of Argentina, formed by the mountain systems of Córdoba and San Luis, are immersed in the Chacoan dominion; however, higher-altitude environments of these mountains, namely highland grasslands and tabaquillo forests, have relationships with the Andean region and other Neotropical areas that are different from the Chacoan dominion, which would indicate that the current classification would not be natural. To clarify their biogeographic relationships, a track analysis of the distribution of the biota of vertebrates and vascular plants of the highland grasslands and tabaquillo forests of central Pampean Argentinian Ranges was conducted. The obtained distributional patterns suggest that the area under study has diverse geobiotic origins, both Andean and Neotropical, indicating that, in this area, an interaction of biota with different evolutionary origins occurs; so, its status as a biogeographic province is proposed, belonging to the South American transition zone.

Licofitas (Equisetopsida: Lycopodiidae) de las Sierras Centrales de Argentina: un enfoque panbiogeográfico

Las licofitas son las plantas vasculares mas antiguas, comprenden a las Lycopodiaceae, Isoetaceae y Selaginellaceae, constituyendo un grupo monofiletico separado del resto de los helechos y plantas con semilla. Debido a su falta de relaciones coevolutivas con vectores bioticos, su monofilia y su patron morfologico altamente estable son especialmente aptas para establecer patrones biogeograficos. Con este fin se construyeron los trazos individuales de los siete taxones encontrados. El trazo generalizado resultante indica que las sierras centrales de Argentina constituyen el extremo austral de un componente biotico neotropical, presentando una relacion mas estrecha con las Sierras Subandinas y los Andes bolivianos y peruanos que con el Chaco (donde estan incluidas), bordeando la Zona de Transicion Sudamericana, la que, caracterizada por ambientes aridos, constituye una barrera exitosa para las licofitas, separando la region austral de Argentina y Chile del resto de America del Sur.

Revisión y análisis panbiogeográfico de las Hymenophyllaceae de las Yungas meridionales de Argentina (Selva Tucumano-Boliviana)

Resumen Hymenophyllaceae constituye uno de los linajes mas tempranamente divergente dentro de los helechos, habitan lugares hiperhumedos y su aparicion se ha datado en el cretacico temprano, previa a la ruptura de Gondwana; estas caracteristicas determinan que sean especialmente utiles para establecer patrones biogeograficos. En este trabajo se discuten la diversidad de la familia Hymenophyllaceae en las Yungas meridionales y sus vinculaciones biogeograficas, mediante un analisis panbiogeografico. Se han encontrado nueve especies, comprendidas en cuatro generos: Crepidomanes, Didymoglossum, Hymenophyllum y Polyphlebium; Crepidomanes pyxidiferum constituye una novedad floristica a nivel generico para Argentina. Se brindan una clave para todos los generos de Hymenophyllaceae presentes en Argentina, asi como claves entre todas las especies presentes en las Yungas, que ademas son descriptas e ilustradas. Palabras-clave: Crepidomanes, Dydimoglossum, Hymenophyllum, Polyphlebium, biogeografia. Abstract Hymenophyllaceae represents a very ancient lineage of ferns that inhabit hyperhumid places and appeared in the Early Cretaceous, prior to the breakup of Gondwana; these features make Hymenophyllaceae especially useful to establish biogeographic patterns. The diversity of Hymenophyllaceae in meridional Yungas and their biogeographical relationships, employing a panbiogeographic analysis, are discussed. Nine species in four genera: Crepidomanes, Didymoglossum, Hymenophyllum and Polyphlebium were found; Crepidomanes pyxidiferum constitutes a novelty of generic level for Argentina. A key to all genera of Hymenophyllaceae present in Argentina are provided as well as keys for all species inhabiting the Yungas, which are also described and illustrated. The generalized track shows close relationships among the Argentine Yungas with the North Andes and the Parana dominion, overcoming the arid barrier represented by the Chacoan dominion. Furthermore, the South American Transition Zone constitutes a current barrier between the neotropical and the south-andean Hymenophyllaceae pteridofloras. Key words: Crepidomanes, Dydimoglossum, Hymenophyllum, Polyphlebium, biogeography.

Los insectos galícolas en Schinus fasciculata (Anacardiaceae) en el Espinal del centro de Argentina

Galls are the most complex interaction between plants and insects during the course of their evolution. The species of galling insects are found in the most of biogeographic regions, but mainly in xeric habitats, as the Espinal eco-region, located in the Pampa Biogeographic Region, Chacoan Subregion. Schinus fasciculata (Griseb.) I. M. Johnst. (Anacardiaceae) it is a tree or shrub, representative from the Espinal eco-region, which supports several kinds of galls. Our objectives are to identify the insect species that induce leaves and stem galls on Schinus fasciculata, in an Espinal relict from province of Cordoba and to describe the exomorphology of galls. In this Espinal relict 18 plants of Schinus fasciculata, in four transects of 100 m2 were selected. Five morphological types of galls were found, three on leaves, induced by insects belonging to Hemiptera Order, and two on stems, induced by insects of Lepidoptera Order. The galling insects were identified at species level and the different morphotypes of galls found were unique to each galling insect species.

Description of the male of Sphallopterus batesi Fragoso, 1982 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycini), with biogeographical considerations

The male of Sphallopterus batesi Fragoso, 1982 is described for the first time. New records of geographic distribution are presented for Bolivia (new country record) and Brazil, and the biogeography of the species is analysed.

Susceptibilidad del Olmo (Ulmus pumila), y de cinco especies arbóreas nativas del centro-sur de la Provincia de Córdoba (Argentina), a la infección por Pleurotus ostreatus (Agaricales: Pleurotaceae).

Susceptibility of Elm (Ulmus pumila), and of five tree species native to the center-south of the Province of Cordoba (Argentina), to infection by Pleurotus ostreatus (Agaricales: Pleurotaceae). Biological invasions advance on ecosystems causing major changes in their structure and ecological processes. Ulmus pumila L., is an exotic species that develops processes of invasion in Argentina and mechanical and chemical techniques have been used for its control in the affected sites. Biological control is now considerated as a new alternative. In the present work, the infection capacity of Pleurotus ostreatus on U. pumila plants was evaluated in order to collect and provide basic information to generate new options for biological control of U. pumila. Laboratory tests were carried out to determine the success of establishment of Pleurotus on cuttings of native tree species from the biogeographic district of Espinal and U. pumila. It was found that P. ostreatus had the ability to externally colonize all evaluated species although only in stakes of U. pumila could complete the life cycle. Finally, the anatomical study of the wood indicated that U. pumila is the species, among the studied ones, with greater proliferation of mycelium and even with formation of chlamydospores. In this way, it can be said that this exotic species is more susceptible to fungal infection than the native species studied.

Map and shapefile of the biogeographic provinces of Argentina

We provide a map of the 15 biogeographic provinces of Argentina based on the ecoregions recognized for the country, combining climatic, geological and biotic criteria. Argentinean provinces belong to the Neotropical region (Yungas, Paraná Forest, Araucaria Forest, Chaco and Pampean provinces), the South American transition zone (Puna, Monte, Comechingones and Cuyan High Andean provinces) and the Andean region (Patagonian, Maule, Valdivian Forest, Magellanic Forest, Falkland Islands and Magellanic Moorland provinces). In order to facilitate future biogeographic analyses, we provide a file of this biogeographical regionalisation in vector format using the World Geodetic Survey 1984.

2479) Proposal to conserve the name Marattia kaulfussii (Eupodium kaulfussii) against M. raddiana (Marattiaceae)

Fil: Arana, Marcelo Daniel. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales; Argentina

Typification of names of South American taxa related to Woodsia montevidensis (Woodsiaceae).

Abstract A revision of the nomenclature of six South American taxa related to Woodsia is presented, as a part of a taxonomic revision of the genus in South America. Lectotypes are selected for Cheilanthes crenata, Woodsia crenata var. pallidipes, Woodsia incisa, Woodsia montevidensis var. fuscipes and the second step lectotypification for Dicksonia montevidensis and Woodsia peruviana, based on the analysis of their protologues and original herbarium material. All names are currently synonyms of Woodsia montevidensis. Physematium incisum (Gillies ex Hook. & Grev.) Kunze constitutes an illegitimate name and Physematium cumingianum is considered as nomen inquirendum.