Marcelo Lasmar dos Santos

Exercícios físicos e osteoartrose: uma revisão sistemática

INTRODUCAO: A osteoartrose (OA) e uma doenca articular cronico-degenerativa que se evidencia pelo desgaste da cartilagem articular e que atinge frequentemente as articulacoes que sustentam peso, como o joelho. OBJETIVO: Relatar as principais evidencias associadas ao uso do exercicio fisico na melhora dos sintomas decorrentes da osteoartrose em individuos acima de 50 anos. MATERIAIS E METODOS: Trata-se de uma revisao sistematica de literatura, com a utilizacao das bases de dados eletronicos de periodicos indexados: National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE - PubMed), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciencia da Saude (LILACS), e a base Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). RESULTADOS: Foram encontrados 1.405 artigos, selecionados nas bases de dados SciELO, LILACS, PubMed e MEDLINE; destes, 101 artigos foram selecionados. Entre as regioes acometidas pela osteoartrose, o joelho foi o local mais mencionado, seguido do joelho e quadril juntos; outras regioes foram citadas com menor recorrencia. Os exercicios que tiveram maior destaque foram exercicios aquaticos, isocineticos, treinamento de forca muscular, caminhada, alem da educacao em saude que tambem foi muito utilizada nos estudos selecionados. CONCLUSAO: Pode-se constatar por esta revisao que os estudos demonstram a eficacia do uso de exercicios na melhora dos sintomas decorrentes da osteoartrose, porem, nao ha um consenso quanto aos parâmetros de aplicacao, como intensidade e duracao de cada tipo de exercicio.

Exercício físico no tratamento e prevenção de idosos com osteoporose: uma revisão sistemática

INTRODUCION: Physical activity influences the maintenance of osseous normal activities, and for this reason has been indicated for the treatment of osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE: To verify in the scientific literature the influence of physical exercise in prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in the elderly. METHODOLOGY: This research was supported though systematic review of literature with extensive use of the electronic database LILACS, SciELO and PubMed, with the descriptors osteoporosis, physical exercise, elderly, prevention and treatment. Were selected the abstracts that presented the initial criteria of selection. RESULTS: From a total of 209 studies found, 27 met the criteria of inclusion and exclusion, where 9 studies focused on treatment, 16 on the prevention and 2 on the both prevention and treatment. The exercises that are most prominent in the treatment of osteoporosis were: isometric extension of the trunk, open kinetic-chain exercise, coordination and balance exercises. To the prevention, the exercises highlighted were: high-intensity exercises, high-impact exercises and aerobic exercises. CONCLUSION: Physical exercise is an important factor in both prevention and treatment of the elderly affected by osteoporosis disease, and the specificities of the exercise must be according to the objectives.

Conhecimento da equipe de saúde da família acerca da atuação do fisioterapeuta na atenção básica

Objective: To evaluate the knowledge of health team from Basic Health Units in the city of Coari-AM, Brazil, on the action of physical therapist in primary care. Methods: A quantitative, exploratory and descriptive study, like a field survey conducted in 11 primary care units in Coari, Amazonas state. The data were collected through a questionnaire comprising closed questions regarding the action of physical therapist in primary care. 76 professionals joined in the survey by category: (05) physicians, (10) nurses, (08) nursing technicians and (53) community health workers. Results: 61.64% (n = 45) of the professionals working in the family health team reported knowing the action of physical therapist in primary care; 79.45% (n = 58) referred it in secondary level and 69.86% (n = 51) at the tertiary level of health care. Conclusion: This work showed some knowledge of professionals on the professional action of physical therapists in primary care; however, the knowledge for this level presents itself disadvantaged in relation to other levels of health care. We demonstrated that a share of professionals presented difficulties to consider the possibility of physiotherapeutic intervention in diseases mostly worked in primary care, but the reference to the viability of action of physical therapist for different publics was satisfactory. This conclusion does not exhaust the possibility of discussing the proposed theme.

Aptitud cardiorrespiratoria en ancianas participantes de un centro de convivencia en la Ciudad de Coari, Estado de Amazonas, Brasil

With advancing age, several functional changes associated with aging affect the health and quality of life of the elderly. Some changes develop in the cardiovascular system, which becomes greatly compromised, mainly due to decreased cellular metabolism. The decrease in metabolism leads to the development of cardiovascular diseases, which are considered the major cause of morbidity and mortality among the elderly. The assessment of global and integrated responses of the systems involved in physical activities by the elderly is important, as it can allow for the implementation of different means of intervention. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in cardiorespiratory fitness between older practitioners and non-practitioners of the physical activities offered by a Centro de Convivência do Idoso (Elderly Community Center) in a city located in the countryside of Amazonas State by applying the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). For this study, 30 elderly women, including 15 practitioners (G1) and 15 non-practitioners (G2), were evaluated with the 6MWT. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (O Sat), and subjective perception of dyspnea (Borg scale) 2 were measured. Initial O Sat, distance walked in the 6MWT, and Borg score were significantly different between groups 2 (p<0.001). Final O Sat, initial and final HR, initial and final systolic BP, and initial and final diastolic BP were not significantly 2 different between groups. Based on these results, we conclude that the physical activities offered to the elderly at the Centro de Convivência do Idoso may have improved or helped maintain the cardiorespiratory endurance of the women in the study group; however, a better outcome might have been achieved if the elderly women had been supervised by a trained professional during the physical activities.

Cardiorespiratory fitness in elderly women enrolled in a community center in the City of Coari, Amazonas State, Brazil

With advancing age, several functional changes associated with aging affect the health and quality of life of the elderly. Some changes develop in the cardiovascular system, which becomes greatly compromised, mainly due to decreased cellular metabolism. The decrease in metabolism leads to the development of cardiovascular diseases, which are considered the major cause of morbidity and mortality among the elderly. The assessment of global and integrated responses of the systems involved in physical activities by the elderly is important, as it can allow for the implementation of different means of intervention. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in cardiorespiratory fitness between older practitioners and non-practitioners of the physical activities offered by a Centro de Convivência do Idoso (Elderly Community Center) in a city located in the countryside of Amazonas State by applying the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). For this study, 30 elderly women, including 15 practitioners (G1) and 15 non-practitioners (G2), were evaluated with the 6MWT. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (O Sat), and subjective perception of dyspnea (Borg scale) 2 were measured. Initial O Sat, distance walked in the 6MWT, and Borg score were significantly different between groups 2 (p<0.001). Final O Sat, initial and final HR, initial and final systolic BP, and initial and final diastolic BP were not significantly 2 different between groups. Based on these results, we conclude that the physical activities offered to the elderly at the Centro de Convivência do Idoso may have improved or helped maintain the cardiorespiratory endurance of the women in the study group; however, a better outcome might have been achieved if the elderly women had been supervised by a trained professional during the physical activities.

Aptidão cardiorrespiratória em idosas participantes de um centro de convivência na Cidade de Coari, Estado do Amazonas, Brasil

With advancing age, several functional changes associated with aging affect the health and quality of life of the elderly. Some changes develop in the cardiovascular system, which becomes greatly compromised, mainly due to decreased cellular metabolism. The decrease in metabolism leads to the development of cardiovascular diseases, which are considered the major cause of morbidity and mortality among the elderly. The assessment of global and integrated responses of the systems involved in physical activities by the elderly is important, as it can allow for the implementation of different means of intervention. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in cardiorespiratory fitness between older practitioners and non-practitioners of the physical activities offered by a Centro de Convivência do Idoso (Elderly Community Center) in a city located in the countryside of Amazonas State by applying the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). For this study, 30 elderly women, including 15 practitioners (G1) and 15 non-practitioners (G2), were evaluated with the 6MWT. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (O Sat), and subjective perception of dyspnea (Borg scale) 2 were measured. Initial O Sat, distance walked in the 6MWT, and Borg score were significantly different between groups 2 (p<0.001). Final O Sat, initial and final HR, initial and final systolic BP, and initial and final diastolic BP were not significantly 2 different between groups. Based on these results, we conclude that the physical activities offered to the elderly at the Centro de Convivência do Idoso may have improved or helped maintain the cardiorespiratory endurance of the women in the study group; however, a better outcome might have been achieved if the elderly women had been supervised by a trained professional during the physical activities.