Marcia de Oliveira Pereira

Assessment of Effects of a Cordia salicifolia Extract on the Radiolabeling of Blood Constituents and on the Morphology of Red Blood Cells

Effects of a Cordia salicifolia (porangaba) extract on the labeling of blood cells (BCs) with technetium-99m ((99m)Tc) and on the morphology of red BCs were evaluated. Labeling of cellular and molecular structures with (99m)Tc depends on a reducing agent. Some physical characteristics, as visible absorbance spectrum, electric conductivity, and refractive index of this porangaba extract, were also determined. Blood samples from Wistar rats were incubated with porangaba extract or with 0.9% NaCl (control). Labeling of blood constituents with (99m)Tc was performed. Plasma (P) and BCs, both soluble (SF-P and SF-BC) and insoluble (IF-P and IF-BC) fractions, were separated. The radioactivity in each fraction was counted, and the percentage of radioactivity incorporated (%ATI) was calculated. Blood smears were prepared, fixed, and stained, and the morphology of the red BCs was evaluated. Data showed an absorbance peak at 480 nm and electric conductibility and refractive index concentration-dependent. Porangaba extract decreased significantly (P < .05) the BC, IF-P, and IF-BC %ATI, and no modifications were verified on the shape of red BCs. Analysis of the results reveals that some physical parameters could be useful to aid in characterizing the extract studied. Moreover, it is possible that chemical compounds of this extract could have chelating/redox actions or be capable of binding to plasma and/or cellular proteins.

Sucralose sweetener in vivo effects on blood constituents radiolabeling, red blood cell morphology and radiopharmaceutical biodistribution in rats.

Effects of sucralose sweetener on blood constituents labelled with technetium-99m ((99m)Tc) on red blood cell (RBC) morphology, sodium pertechnetate (Na(99m)TcO(4)) and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid labeled with (99m)Tc ((99m)Tc-DTPA) biodistribution in rats were evaluated. Radiolabeling on blood constituents from Wistar rats was undertaken for determining the activity percentage (%ATI) on blood constituents. RBC morphology was also evaluated. Na(99m)TcO(4) and (99m)Tc-DTPA biodistribution was used to determine %ATI/g in organs. There was no alteration on RBC blood constituents and morphology %ATI. Sucralose sweetener was capable of altering %ATI/g of the radiopharmaceuticals in different organs. These findings are associated to the sucralose sweetener in specific organs.

An experimental model to study the effects of a senna extract on the blood constituent labeling and biodistribution of a radiopharmaceutical in rats

ABSTRACT Cassia angustifolia Vahl (senna) is a natural product that contains sennosides, which are active components that affect the intestinal tract and induce diarrhea. Authors have shown that senna produces DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) lesions in Escherichia coli cultures and can act as an antifungal agent. Natural drugs can alter the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m (99mTc) and can affect the biodistribution of radiopharmaceuticals. In this work, we have evaluated the influence of a senna extract on the radiolabeling of blood constituents and on the biodistribution of the radiopharmaceutical sodium pertechnetate (Na99mTcO4) in Wistar rats. Twelve animals were treated with senna extract for 7 days. Blood samples were withdrawn from the animals and the radiolabeling procedure was carried out. The senna extract did not modify the radiolabeling of the blood constituents. A biodistributional assay was performed by administering Na99mTcO4 and determining its activity in different organs and in blood. The senna extract altered the biodistribution of Na99mTcO4 in the thyroid, liver, pancreas, lungs and blood. These results are associated with properties of the chemical substances present in the aqueous senna extract. Although these assays were performed in animals, our findings suggest that caution should be exercised when nuclear medicine examinations using Na99mTcO4 are conducted in patients who are using senna extract.

Effects of clove (Caryophyllus aromaticus L.) on the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m and on the morphology of red blood cells

Clove (Caryophyllus aromaticus L.) has been used for clinical procedures. Blood constituents labeled with technetium-99m (99mTc) are used in nuclear medicine. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of clove extract on the labeling blood constituents with 99mTc and on the morphology of red blood cells. Blood samples were incubated with clove, stannous chloride and 99mTc. Plasma, blood cells, insoluble fractions of plasma and blood cells were separated. The radioactivity was counted and percentage of radioactivity (%ATI) to each blood fraction was calculated. The shape and morphometric parameter (perimeter/area ratio) were evaluated. Clove extract altered significantly (p<0.05) the %ATI of blood constituents and the shape of red blood cells without modifying the perimeter/area ratio. The results indicate that clove extract presents chemical compounds that interfere with the radiolabeling of blood constituents and alter the morphology of red blood cells by oxidative/chelating actions or interacting with the cellular membrane structure.

Sucralose sweetener does not modify radiolabeling of blood constituents and morphology of red blood cells

Effects of sucralose on the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m (99mTc) and on the morphology of red blood cells (RBC) were evaluated. Blood samples from Wistar rats were treated with sweetener, and the labeling of blood constituents with (99mTc) was performed. Radioactivity in blood constituents was counted, and the percentage of incorporated radioactivity (%ATI) was determined. Blood smears were prepared for morphology evaluation of RBC. No significant alterations in %ATI of blood constituents and morphology of RBC were observed.

Acetylsalicylic acid and morphology of red blood cells

Este trabalho avaliou o efeito do tratamento in vitro e in vivo com AAS na morfologia dos eritrocitos. Amostras de sangue ou ratos Wistar foram tratadas com AAS por uma hora. Amostras sanguineas ou animais tratados com salina foram utilizados como grupos controle. Distensoes de sangue foram preparadas, fixadas, coradas e a analise morfologica qualitativa e quantitativa dos eritrocitos foi realizada em microscopio optico. Os dados mostraram que o tratamento in vitro por uma hora com AAS na maior dose utilizada modificou significativamente (p<0.05) a relacao perimetro/area dos eritrocitos. Nao foram obtidas alteracoes morfologicas com o tratamento in vivo. O uso do AAS em doses altas poderia interferir na forma dos eritrocitos.

Effects of chronic sucralose sweetener on the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m, morphology of red blood cells and the biodistribution of sodium pertechnetate in rats

Neste estudo foram avaliados efeitos do adocante com sucralose na marcacao de constituintes sanguineos com 99mTc, na morfologia de hemacias e na biodistribuicao do pertecnetato de sodio em ratos Wistar. Animais foram tratados com adocante durante 8 dias. Amostras de sangue foram retiradas e a marcacao de constituintes sanguineos com 99mTc foi realizada. Celulas sanguineas (CS) e plasma (P) foram isolados. Aliquotas de CS e P foram precipitadas, fracoes insoluvel e soluvel foram separadas. A radioatividade em cada fracao foi contada e o percentual de radioatividade incorporada (%ATI), determinado. Distensoes sanguineas foram preparadas, fixadas, coradas e analise morfologica, qualitativa e quantitativa, de hemacias foi avaliada sob microscopia optica. Nos experimentos de biodistribuicao, pertecnetato de sodio foi administrado, orgaos e tecidos isolados, a radioatividade contada e o percentual de radioatividade incorporada por grama (%ATI/g), determinada. Os dados sugerem que nao houve alteracoes significativas no %ATI, morfologia de hemacias e no %ATI/g.

Does acute swimming exercise alter the bioavailability of the radiopharmaceutical technetium-99m methylenediphosphonate (99mTc-MDP) in Wistar rats?

Experimental models have aided to understand the mechanism and the exercise effects on biological systems. To evaluate the effects of acute swimming exercise on the bioavailability of the radiopharmaceutical technetium-99m methylenediphosphonate (99mTc-MDP) used for bone scintigraphy, the rats were divided into control, sedentary, and exercised groups. Sedentary and exercised groups were adapted to water for 2 weeks (5 min/day, 5 days/week). After that, the exercised groups (EG) were submitted to acute swimming exercise for 5, 10 or 20 min (loads of 5% of body weight), and then all animals were anaesthetized, 99mTc-MDP was administered and after 180 min the animals were sacrificed. Blood and organs were removed, the radioactivity was determined in a well counter and the percentage per gram of tissue of injected dose (%ID/g) was calculated. The findings showed a significant decrease of %ID/g in the hearts of the sedentary group, EG-5min, EG-10min and EG-20min when compared to the control group, in the bones of EG-20min when compared to the control group, and in the lungs of EG-5min and EG-10min when compared to the control group. These findings could be associated with specific modifications of the metabolism in certain organs, which are highly relevant when evaluations of the bone using 99mTc-MDP are being carried out.

Effects of fenoprofen on the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m, the morphology of red blood cells and the plasmid

The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of fenoprofen on the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m, on the morphology of red blood cells and on the plasmid DNA. Blood samples from Wistar rats were incubated with fenoprofen and the assay of labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m (99mTc) was performed. Blood cells, plasma, soluble and insoluble fractions of blood cells and plasma were separated. The radioactivity in each fraction was counted and percentage of incorporated radioactivity (%ATI) was determined. Blood smears were prepared, fixed, stained and the qualitative and quantitative morphology of the red blood cells (RBC) was evaluated. Plasmid (pBSK) was incubated with fenoprofen with stannous chloride, and agarose gel electrophoresis procedure was carried out to evaluate genotoxic and the protection of this drug against stannous chloride effect on DNA. In conclusion, under the conditions used in this work, our data suggest that fenoprofen would not (i) affect the fixation of the 99mTc on the blood constituents, (ii) alter the RBC membrane and (iii) present genotoxic and redox effects.

Evaluation of biological effects of the naproxen

This work aims to evaluate biological effects of naproxen through of the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m (99mTc), survival of bacterial cultures and electrophoresis profile of plasmid DNA. Blood samples from Wistar rats were incubated with naproxen or with saline (0.9% NaCl) as control, and radiolabeling of blood constituents was performed. Influence of naproxen on the E. coli AB1157 culture growth and survival in the presence or absence of SnCl2 was used to assess cytotoxic effect. Electrophoretic profile in agarose gels of bacterial plasmids in presence or absence of SnCl2 was used to evaluate antioxidant and genotoxic potential of naproxen. Results obtained suggest that naproxen could not interfere on the labeling of blood constituents with 99mTc, but it could present cytotoxic effects and protect E. coli cultures from the lethal effect of stannous chloride at low concentrations. Moreover, naproxen could present genotoxic effect in isolated plasmid DNA.