Márcia Saladini Vieira Salles

Monensina para bezerros ruminantes em crescimento acelerado: 1. Desempenho

ABSTRACT - Effects of monensin supplementation on the performance, the carcass characteristics and the composition and the partialeconomic analysis, were evaluated in a 120-d trial, using 20 Holstein bulls calves, with average weight and age of 90.8 kg and 80 days,respectively. The treatments consisted on different levels of monensin (0, .4, .8, and 1.2 mg of monensin/kg LW). Results with the increaseof the monensin levels were observed for weight gain (1.064, 1.312, 1.372, and 1.252), dry matter intake (4.158, 4.774, 5.028, and 4.752),hearth girth gain (32.60, 37.00, 39.80, and 36.60) and croup height (19.42, 23.64, 23.68, and 23,18) being the highest values o btained at.8 mg monensin/kg LW level. The feed gain did not differ among treatments. The carcasses analyzed after the slaughtering of all calves, atthe end of the trial, also showed advantage yield results, with the application of the monensin, showing no changes in its composition.Economic analysis showed higher benefits with the use of ionophore, recommending its use in dairy bulls calves feeding manageme nt.Key Words: average weight gain, calf, carcass, dry matter intake, ionophores, performance, ruminant

Monensina para bezerros ruminantes em crescimento acelerado: 2. Digestibilidade e parâmetros ruminais

Os efeitos da suplementacao de monensina nos parâmetros ruminais e na digestibilidade foram analisados apos 120 dias de experimentacao, utilizando-se 20 bezerros inteiros holandeses com peso e idade medios de 90,8 kg e 80 dias, respectivamente. Os tratamentos foram: 0; 0,4; 0,8; e 1,2 mg de monensina/kg PV. Com o aumento dos niveis de monensina, os valores ruminais de pH (5,97; 6,14; 6,36; e 6,48) elevaram-se e os de N-NH3 (45,54; 38,08; 28,39; e 24,17 mg %), acido acetico (36,55; [...]

Influência do balanço cátion-aniônico da dieta no rúmen e no desempenho de ovinos

The effect of dietary cation-anion balance (DCAB) on dry matter intake, daily weight gain, feed conversion efficiency, rumen pH and rumen volatile fatty acid profile in Santa Ines sheep was studied. Dietary treatments were formulated combining sodium sulphate and sodium bicarbonate in appropriate ratios to achieve DCAB balance of -160, -40, 140, 250 and 500 mEq/kg dry matter. Twenty five male lambs were assigned to the five treatments in a randomized block design for a 75-day feeding trial. Increasing DCAB was associated with increasing voluntary dry matter intake, daily weight gain, feed conversion efficiency and rumen pH (P<0.05); but DCAB did not affect the volatile fatty acid profile in the rumen.

Desempenho e Resposta Metabólica de Bezerros Recebendo Dietas Suplementadas com Cromo

Fourteen dairy calves, four months of age were allocated in two treatments: control and supplemented with 0,4 ppm of Cr in the basal diet, which had 52% of grass hay and 48% of concentrate (corn meal and extruded soybeans) during 98 days. Feed intake was measured daily. In the last week were performed a glucose tolerance test. Performance were not affected by treatment (liveweight gain 1.330 and 1.320 kg/d; feed efficiency 0.24 and 0.25 and feed conversion, 4.13 and 4.07 for control and treated groups respectively). Chromium tended to decrease the blood glucose, but there were no statistical differences.Fourteen dairy calves, four months of age were allocated in two treatments: control and supplemented with 0,4 ppm of Cr in the basal diet, which had 52% of grass hay and 48% of concentrate (corn meal and extruded soybeans) during 98 days. Feed intake was measured daily. In the last week were performed a glucose tolerance test. Performance were not affected by treatment (liveweight gain 1.330 and 1.320 kg/d; feed efficiency 0.24 and 0.25 and feed conversion, 4.13 and 4.07 for control and treated groups respectively). Chromium tended to decrease the blood glucose, but there were no statistical differences.

Efeitos da monensina no desempenho de bezerras leiteiras em crescimento

The performance of 32 growing Holstein heifers, with average weight of 84 kg and supplemented with monensin, during four months, was studied. The animals supplemented with monensin presented higher weight and hearth girth at 90 and 120 days of experiment, higher weight gain, with value of 26.56% superior than the control animals. No difference was observed for the corporal length, plasma glucose and the height values. The animals fed monensin presented higher height values. The animals supplemented with monensin showed better development. The use of monensin provided reproductive and productive precocity for the replacement dairy heifers.

Efeitos da administração de monensina por meio de cápsulas de liberação controlada no desempenho de vacas Holandesas no início da lactação

The objective was to study the effect of the monensin on milk yield and milk composition, somatic cell count, body condition score, serum parameters and reproductive aspects high producing Holstein cows in early lactation. Fourty-four cows with daily milk yield of the 33.44 ± 4.93 liter of milk were assigned to a completely randomized design with two treatments: control (C) and other with controlled released monesin capsule with eficacy of 100 days (300 mg/cow/day). The individual administration of the monensin capsule was made 30 day before the probable calving time. Monensin did not affect the milk yield and milk composition, somatic cell count, body condition score and glucose and BHBA (beta-hidroxibutirate) concentration in the cow blood serum. However, decreased concentration of NEFA (Non esterified fatty acid) in blood serum of cow with 60 days in milk. Service period and number of services per conception was not affected by treatments, however, the administration monensin decreased the number of the cows that showed retained placenta and laminitis. The administration monensin for high producing Holstein cows in early lactation did not change the milk production and composition. However, decrease the concentration of NEFA 60 days post calving and the incidence of laminitis and retained placenta in the post calving cows.

Caracterização da parte aérea de mandioca para alimentação animal

The objective of this research was to characterize the chemical composition and digestibility of aerial part and cuttings of four cassava cultivars grown in five different levels of soil fertilization and three plant densities, in order to use the residues for ruminant feeding. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design, in strip-splitplot scheme, with four replicates. The plots were composed of IAC14, IAC15, IAC90, and Cascuda cultivars; the subplots consisted of five fertilization categories, one fertilization with poultry litter (3000 kg.ha-1 ) and four chemical fertilization rates (0, 150, 450, 900 kg.ha-1 ) with NPK 4-20-20; and with the sub-subplots consisted of three plant densities (7,500, 12,500, 17,500 plants.ha-1 ). During the experiment, aerial part and cuttings were sampled for chemical and in vitro digestibility analyzes. There were differences between the varieties of cassava and fertilization rates on fiber fractions, chemical composition, in vitro digestibility, total digestible nutrients (TDN), and dry matter yield (kg / ha) of aerial part (P<0.05) and cuttings (P<0.05). Cassava aerial part and cuttings have considerable amounts of nutrients that can be used for ruminant feeding on small farms and for animal categories with low nutritional requirements. From all treatments, variety IAC15, with chemical fertilization of 900 kg.ha-1 , as well as fertilization with poultry litter, with the highest plant density, were those with better nutritional composition and greater amount of available nutrients.