Marcin Berger

Different association between specific manifestations of bruxism and temporomandibular disorder pain

INTRODUCTION A growing body of evidence suggests that bruxism exists in two separate manifestations. However, little is known about the association between specific manifestations of bruxism and temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain. AIM The aim of our study was to analyze the association between TMD pain and specific diagnoses of bruxism (sleep, awake, and mixed diagnosis of sleep and awake bruxism). MATERIAL AND METHODS 508 adult patients (296 women and 212 men), aged between 18 and 64 years (mean age 34±12 years), attending to a clinic for general dental treatment. Patients were asked to fill an anonymous questionnaire, consisting of three questions, verifying the presence of TMD pain and two forms of bruxism. All questions were based on the Polish version of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders patient history questionnaire. Cross tabulation was done, and χ2 was used as a test of significance to find the association between the variables. RESULTS Awake bruxism was associated with TMD pain only in men (χ2=7.746, p<0.05) while mixed diagnosis of bruxism was associated with TMD pain in both women (χ2=10.486, p<0.05) and men (χ2=4.314, p<0.05). There was no statistically significant association between sleep bruxism and TMD pain. Gender-related differences in the presence of all bruxism diagnoses were also statistically insignificant. CONCLUSIONS Interaction between sleep and awake bruxism may increase the risk for TMD pain. We suggest considering concomitance as a confounder, when studying sleep or awake bruxism.

Association between estrogen levels and temporomandibular disorders: a systematic literature review.

Introduction To evaluate whether the hypothesis that estrogen levels are associated with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in humans can be confirmed or contradicted by available literature. Material and methods A systematic review based on the content of PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases was performed. Studies were identified using a combination of key words ‘temporomandibular disorder’ and ‘estrogen’. Nine studies were included into our review. Results The relationship between estrogen levels and TMD was found in seven out of nine reviewed papers. Results from two papers suggest that a high estrogen level is associated with an increased prevalence of TMD. Five additional papers found a relationship between a low estrogen level and an increase in TMD pain. In considering the value of evidence and inconsistencies of results in the reviewed publications, we state that there is weak evidence to support the hypothesis that estrogen levels are associated with TMD. Conclusions Results of reviewed studies were divergent and sometimes contradictory. One possible explanation is that estrogen influences TMD pain processing differently than temporomandibular joints (TMJ) structures, as shown in many animal studies. Estrogen may influence TMD pain processing differently than TMJ structures. We suggest consideration of the dual action of estrogen when planning future studies on its association with TMD.

Range and pattern of mandibular opening in patients with anterior displacement of temporomandibular disc without reduction

Introduction. Impairment of mandible mobility model is one of the criteria for clinical diagnosis of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc displacement. Objectives. Analysis of the range and pattern of the mandibular opening in patients with anterior disc displacement without

Use of common stimulants and awake bruxism – a survey study

Abstract Introduction. Bruxism, the most detrimental parafunctional activity of the masticatory system can cause various temporomandibular joint disorders, as well as masticatory muscle disorders. It is important to identify factors aggravating bruxism, which can be easily eliminated and ease control of the disorder. Aim. The aim of the study was to analyze the association between the use of common stimulants - nicotine, caffeine and selfreports of awake bruxism. Material and methods. 113 dental students (83 females, 30 males) aged 21-29 were examined. In order to diagnose awake bruxism subjects were asked questions from the Oral Behaviors Checklist. Patients were also asked about daily/weekly frequency of cigarette smoking and coffee as well as caffeine-containing beverages consumption. Results. Cigarette smoking was positively associated with self-reported awake bruxism. There was no link found between caffeine consumption and parafunctional activities. Conclusion. Cigarette smoking, but not caffeine consumption, may be a risk factor for awake bruxism. However, this association should be further assessed in the presence of confounding factors, such as psychological distress.

Hygiene, ways of storage and lifetime of removable dentures

Hygiene plays an important role in patients who use removable dentures. The proper way of cleaning and storage also provides better health of oral cavity tissues as well as for the remaining teeth. The research involved 162 patients, 133 women and 29 men, aged 60–90, with different levels of education, the majority with secondary education. All patients were using removable dentures. 85.8% declared earlier use of dentures, and a half of the patients had used dentures for no more than 7.5 years. A considerable percentage (33.95%) used dentures for the whole day. Storing in a container with fluid was used by 25.93% of the respondents. Over 70% used toothpaste to clean their dentures and about 14% immersed them in special preparations, e.g. CoregaTabs, while over 8% used soap. Among patients who cleaned their dentures, the majority cleaned them once a week (75%) and the minority – twice a week (25%). The greatest percentage of patients cleaned their dentures with a toothbrush and toothpaste, which is not recommended due to occurring microabrasions. It is recommended that patients should be educated regarding prosthesis hygiene and regular follow-ups.

The Assessment of Periodontal Status and Treatment Needs of the Adult Population Aged 34-44 Residing in Lublin Province and Visiting the Dentist Regularly

Abstract Introduction. Periodontitis is a group of inflammatory disorders affecting periodontal tissues. This condition manifests by a progressive destruction of the alveolar bone, subsequently leading to tooth loss. World Health Organization introduced Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs in order to gain data regarding periodontal health and treatment needs of people with periodontitis Aim. To evaluate the periodontal status of citizens living in the city of Lublin and its surrounding, using Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN). Material and methods. Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs was used to assess the periodontal status among 180 patients aged 35-44 residing in Lublin and the area around it. Results. Periodontal diseases have been observed in over 90% of the examined population. Treatment need index TN1 has referred to 26.11% of the patients, TN2 – 61.67% and TN3 – 2.22% respectively. Conclusions. Patients who visit the dentist regularly have a better periodontal status as compared to groups randomly selected.