Marco Antonio Vieira Guedes

Flowmetry of left internal thoracic artery graft to left anterior descending artery: comparison between on-pump and off-pump surgery

BACKGROUND Off-pump coronary bypass grafting (OPCAB) has become a widely used technique. Coronary flowmetry is the most common method employed to assess graft patency, nevertheless, few studies compare flow patterns between ONCAB and OPCAB surgery. The objective of this study was to compare flowmetry data in left internal mammary artery grafts bypasses to the left anterior descendent artery. METHODS From March to September of 2010, thirtyfive consecutive, non-randomized patients underwent CABG and were retrospectively evaluated. Ten patients were located on group A (On Pump), and twenty-five on group B (Off Pump). The mean graft flow (MGF), pulsatile index (PI) and diastolic filling (DF) were obtained using Transit Time Flowmetry (TTFM). The Fisher exact test, and Mann Whitney test were used, and a P value of < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. RESULTS There were no deaths, AMI, re-interventions or PTCA in a 30-day period. The number of bypasses performed per patient was 2.3 ± 0.8 in the OPCAB group, and 2.2 ± 0.6 in the ONCAB group, with no significant difference (P=0.10). The median of mean flow was 23 ml/min on group A, and 25 ml/min on group B (P=0.34). Diastolic filling percentage was 56% on group A, and 56.9% on group B (P=0.86). Pulsatile Index was 2.3 on group A, and 2.2 on group B (P=0.82). CONCLUSIONS There was no difference between TTFM values (MF, PI and DF) in patients operated with or without cardiopulmonary bypass.

Plástica da valva mitral em pacientes com insuficiência mitral reumática. Técnicas e resultados de 20 anos

Objective: Mitral valve repair in rheumatic patients is still a challenge. The purpose of this study is to analyze the results of mitral valve repair in rheumatic patients in the Heart Institute University of Sao Paulo Medical School. Methods: Were analyzed retrospectively, between 1985 and 2005, 330 patients submitted to mitral valve repair in the Heart Institute of Sao Paulo. The mean age was 26.9 ± 15.4 years and 57.6% were female. According do clinical evaluation, 39.5% of patients were in NYHA functional class IV. The most common techniques employed were bovine

Plastia valvar mitral pela técnica do Duplo Teflon: análise do remodelamento cardíaco pela ecocardiografia tridimensional

INTRODUCTION Mitral valve repair is the treatment of choice to correct mitral insufficiency. Although the literature related to left atrial and ventricular behavior after mitral repair without use of prosthetic rings is scarce. OBJECTIVE To analyze cardiac morphology and function using real time tridimensional echocardiography in individuals submitted to mitral valve repair with Double Teflon technique. METHODS Were included 14 patients with mixomatous mitral valve insufficiency that were submitted to mitral valve repair with the Double Teflon technique. Of them, 13 patients were in class III/IV. Patients were evaluated in preoperative period, immediate postoperative period, 6 months and 1 year after mitral repair. Statistic analysis was made by repeated measures ANOVA test and was considered statistically significant P <0.05. RESULTS The analysis of systolic volumes, atrial and ventricular, demonstrated a significant volumetric reduction between immediate postoperative period and 1 year (P = 0.028 and P = 0.020, respectively). Between preoperative period and 1 year, there was a mean reduction in atrial and ventricle volumes of 19.9% and 15.4%, respectively. Atrial and ventricle diastolic volumes presented a significant reduction in immediate postoperative period (P <0.001 and P = 0.024, respectively), remaining stable during the study. There was an increase in left atrial ejection fraction after 6 months (P <0.001), although there was no significant variation in left ventricle ejection fraction. CONCLUSIONS Patients submitted to mitral valve repair by the Double Teflon technique demonstrated a left atrial and ventricle reverse remodeling. These reductions were associated with an improvement in left atrial function during the study.

Patient with von Willebrand disease undergoing mitral valve repair: a strategy for the control of the coagulopathy

We report a case of a 60 year-old woman with von Willebrand disease type I that was submitted to a mitral valve repair. The patient needed special care due coagulopathy and needed VIII factor (VIIIf) and von Willebrand factor (vWf), before, during and after surgery. There was no complication during or after surgery. Patient is asymptomatic nine months postoperatively. The correction of VIIIf and vWf allowed the realization of a safety surgery.

Avaliação da captura de fragmentos por meio da filtração intra-aórtica em pacientes submetidos à troca valvar aórtica

Objective: This study aims to analyze the embolic activity in patients with calcified aortic stenosis who underwent aortic valve replacement using intra-aortic filtration with an EMBOL-X® System device (Edwards Lifesciences Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA). Methods: From January 2007 to July 2007, 13 consecutive patients with calcified aortic stenosis, who underwent isolated aortic valve replacement using intra-aortic filtration by an EMBOL-X® System for 5 minutes after aortic clamp release, were evaluated. Mean patient age was 63.7 years (range 34 to 79 years) and 61.5% were female. The mean bypass time was 60.2 ± 7.5 minutes (range 45 to 72 minutes) and the mean cross-clamp time was 50 ± 7.5 minutes (range 35 to 63 minutes). Following removal, each filter was fixed in formalin and analyzed macroscopically with the captured fragments being counted. Histological examinations of the captured material were performed. Results: There were no strokes or gross neurological events. There were no cases of postoperative renal failure.” No deaths were reported during hospitalization. Particulate emboli were found in five (38.5%) of the filters. On histological analysis of the particulate emboli captured, two (40%) contained fibrin, two (40%) presented conjunctive tissue, one (20%) contained red blood cells and in two it was not possible to determine the nature of the particulates captured. Conclusion: The EMBOL-X® System device was effective in particulate emboli capture in aortic valve replacement surgery of patients with calcified aortic stenosis. Descriptors: Aortic valve stenosis/surgery. Embolism/ prevention & control. Stroke/prevention & control. Filtration/instrumentation. Heart valve prosthesis implantation.

Off-pump correction of coronary fistula: the single suture technique approach

The single suture technique was developed to obtain stabilization and exposure of all all coronary branches during off-pump coronary artery bypass, while maintaining hemodynamic stabilily during the procedure. We describe the use of this technique during an off-pump correction of a coronary artery fistula associated with right coronary dilatation. The suggested technique is quicker and less complex than on-pump surgery. Furthermore, it can be a useful tool for congenital fistula correction in select cases, stimulating the practice of less invasive heart surgery in these patients.

Mitral annulus morphologic and functional analysis using real time tridimensional echocardiography in patients submitted to unsupported mitral valve repair

Introduction Mitral valve repair is the treatment of choice to correct mitral insufficiency, although the literature related to mitral valve annulus behavior after mitral repair without use of prosthetic rings is scarce. Objective To analyze mitral annulus morphology and function using real time tridimensional echocardiography in individuals submitted to mitral valve repair with Double Teflon technique. Methods Fourteen patients with mitral valve insufficiency secondary to mixomatous degeneration that were submitted to mitral valve repair with the Double Teflon technique were included. Thirteen patients were in FC III/IV. Patients were evaluated in preoperative period, immediate postoperative period, 6 months and 1 year after mitral repair. Statistical analysis was made by repeated measures ANOVA test and was considered statistically significant P<0.05. Results There were no deaths, reoperation due to valve dysfunction, thromboembolism or endocarditis during the study. Posterior mitral annulus demonstrated a significant reduction in immediate postoperative period (P<0.001), remaining stable during the study, and presents a mean of reduction of 25.8% comparing with preoperative period. There was a significant reduction in anteroposterior and mediolateral diameters in the immediate postoperative period (P<0.001), although there was a significant increase in mediolateral diameter between immediate postoperative period and 1 year. There was no difference in mitral internal area variation over the cardiac cycle during the study. Conclusion Segmentar annuloplasty reduced the posterior component of mitral annulus, which remained stable in a 1-year-period. The variation in mitral annulus area during cardiac cycle remained stable during the study.

Reparo de rotura de ventrículo esquerdo após uso de tenecteplase no tratamento do infarto agudo do miocárdio

The use of thrombolytic agents in the treatment of acute myocardium infarction represented an important impact in the reduction of overall mortality. But this did not alter the cardiac rupture rate. This complication must be recognized and treated quickly. The authors report on a case of surgical repair of an early left ventricle rupture, after the use of tenecteplase in association with non-fractioned heparin for the treatment of acute myocardium infarction.

Uso do pericárdio autólogo para reforço da aortorrafia no tratamento cirúrgico da valva aórtica

The repair of the aortotomy in the surgical treatment of aortic valve can be achieved using different techniques. Nevertheless, in some cases, the ascending aorta is atherosclerotic, thin and friable, making the risk of aorta rupture and late aneurysm development higher. This article describes the technique and the results obtained from the reinforcement of aortic suture with autologous pericardium by retrospective analysis of 23 cases from the Heart Institute of Sao Paulo, between 1999 and 2003.