Marco Túlio Pinheiro de Melo

Comprimento da estaca no desenvolvimento de mudas de alecrim-pimenta

This research aimed to evaluate the effect of shoot cutting length on the development of pepper-rosmarin seedlings (Lippia sidoides Cham.). The cuttings were obtained from stock plants of the medicinal vegetable garden of Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias/UFMG, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in greenhouse conditions with intermittent mist. The experimental design was totally randomized with four treatments consisted of different size intervals (5 to 8cm, 8.1 to 11cm, 11.1 to 14cm and 14.1 to 17cm), with five replications each. The amount of shooting and root, the shooting and root dry weight (g), the the longest root length (cm), the visual rooting evaluation and the rooting percentage were analysed. The results indicated that cutting length affects the development of pepper-rosmarin seedlings, especially shooting and root dry weight. The cuttings with 14.1 until 17cm presented the highest percentage of rooting and the largest average of the other variables, being the most recommended to be used in the propagation of pepper-rosmarin.

Crescimento vegetativo, produção de fitomassa e de óleo essencial de Melissa officinalis L. sob diferentes lâminas de irrigação

The objective of this study has been to evaluate the essential oil production of Melissa officinalis L. with irrigation blade in the North of Minas Gerais as a measure of water rational use. The experimental design has been completely randomized in subdivided plots in the time with six treatments, defined by irrigation blade (T1=0,50xET0; T2=0,75xET0; T3=1,0xET0; T4=1,25xET0; T5=1,5xET0 e T6=1,75 x ETO), and four replications. The study has been conducted at the micro lysimeter. Based on regression analysis, it has been observed that the fitomass production and growth was influenced by water availability. The production and content of the essential oil are inversely proportional to the increase in the irrigation blade. The production of biomass has been obtained from the smaller blade and the evaluation times did not influenciate on their blades.

Teor de óleo essencial de alecrim-pimenta em função do horário de colheita

The pepper-rosmarin is an important medicinal plant, native of Northeast of Brazil, that, because of its essential oil, presents great antifungal and antibacterial potential. One of the factors that affect the secondary metabolites content of plants is the harvest time, thus, the knowledge of this factor subsidizes the decisions agronomic species, favoring the increase of essential oil content at the harvest moment. Thus, the aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of harvest time on the essential oil production of pepper-rosmarin (Lippia sidoides Cham.). The experiment was carried out in the Instituto of Ciencias Agrarias of Universidade Federal of Minas Gerais (ICA/UFMG), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. It was installed in a randomized block design, with five treatments consisted by harvest times (6:00, 9:00, 12:00, 15:00 and 18:00) with six replications (number of collections in each treatment). The leaves were obtained from stock plants of medicinal vegetable garden of ICA/ UFMG. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger apparatus. The regression analysis presented a cubic effect to the essential oil content, being that the highest value, 5,78% in relation to dry matter, was obtained at 9h59min. Therefore, it was recommended the harvest time of pepper-rosmarin leaves next to 10h.

Produção de fitomassa e teor de óleo essencial de folhas de alecrim-pimenta (Lippia sidoides Cham.) em diferentes espaçamentos de plantio

Native to Northeastern Brazil, pepper-rosmarin (Lippia sidoides Cham.) is a shrubby medicinal plant with aromatic leaves and essential oil rich in thymol and carvacrol. These components have great importance to the species since they present scientifically proven pharmacological activities. Thus, the study of cultivation conditions for this species is essential to obtain higher productivity. Spacing between plants is one of the most important factors related to cultivation, since crop productivity and yield are affected by plant density. Based on the need of optimizing pepper-rosmarin cultivation techniques, this work aimed to evaluate the phytomass production and the essential oil yield in four planting spacings. The experiment was carried out under field conditions in the Agricultural Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais (ICA/UFMG), Montes Claros Municipality, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four treatments and five replicates. Treatments consisted of the planting spacings 1.0 x 0.5 m; 1.0 x 1.0 m; 1.5 x 1.0 m; and double rows (1.0 x 0.8 x 0.5 m), with 1.0m between double rows, 0.8m between single rows and 0.5m between plants in the row. After 150 days of planting in the field, leaf fresh and dry phytomass production and essential oil yield were evaluated. The spacing 1.0 x 0.5 m led to higher phytomass production and essential oil yield, being therefore the most recommended for pepper-rosmarin cultivation.

Caracterização morfológica e agronômica de acessos de jambu (Spilanthes oleracea L.) nas condições do Norte de Minas Gerais

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi caracterizar os aspectos morfologicos e agronomicos de tres acessos de jambu (Spilanthes oleracea L.) nas condicoes do Norte de Minas Gerais. O estudo foi desenvolvido em casa de vegetacao, no periodo de abril a junho de 2009, no Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (ICA/UFMG), localizado na cidade de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brasil. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com tres tratamentos e oito repeticoes. Os tratamentos foram os acessos de jambu (1- Montes Claros/MG; 2- Para, Norte do Brasil; 3- Cristalia/MG). Dois meses apos o transplantio, foram avaliados o comprimento da inflorescencia (cm), o comprimento e a largura das folhas do terceiro no de cada planta (cm) e a materia fresca e seca da parte aerea e das inflorescencias (g). Foram tambem caracterizadas a coloracao dos caules e os tipos de inflorescencias. A cor dos caules foi distinguida visualmente, variando de roxo intenso, acessos de Cristalia e Montes Claros, a verde claro, acesso do estado do Para. Os subtipos de inflorescencia foram caracterizadas como simples ou geminadas e alongadas ou globoides. Observou-se que o acesso de Jambu, proveniente do estado do Para, apresentou os melhores resultados para a maioria das caracteristicas avaliadas. Esse acesso apresentou inflorescencias dos tipos simples alongada,e, ocasionalmente, geminadas, tanto globoides como alongadas, enquanto os acessos de Cristalia e Montes Claros apresentaram inflorescencias simples globoides. Pode-se concluir que os tres acessos sao equivalentes comercialmente. Entretanto, para producao de sementes, recomenda-se o cultivo do acesso de jambu proveniente do estado do Para.

Fenologia do alecrim-pimenta (Lippia sidoides Cham. ) em área de Cerrado, no norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil

The aim of this work was to describe the phenological behavior of Lippia sidoides Cham. in a Cerrado area in northern Minas Gerais State, Brazil, in order to contribute to the process of domestication of this species by studying the occurrence and duration of its vegetative and reproductive phenophases, evaluating the influence of local climatic factors on each phenophase and investigating the synchrony of these phenophases among individuals. Twenty specimens were monthly evaluated between February 2007 and February 2009 as to intensity and synchrony of the phenophases sprouting, mature leaves, leaf senescence, flowering, fruiting and leaf abscission. There was great periodicity in the occurrence of leaf phenological events according to the local climatic seasonality, highlighting the strong influence of abiotic factors, especially rainfall and relative air humidity. Pepper-rosmarin showed deciduous behavior, with high leaf abscission rate during a great part of the year. Flowering occurred from February to April, whereas fruiting peaked in May. All phenophases had high levels of synchrony, a facilitating factor for the management of this species.