Marco Túlio Saldanha dos Anjos

Avaliação muscular isocinética da articulação do joelho em atletas das seleções brasileiras infanto e juvenil de voleibol masculino

The vertical jump is a basic volleyball practice that demands a high ability to generate strength and work in the muscles involved, mainly in the quadriceps muscle. Due to such demand, muscle imbalances between extensor and flexor muscles may be present, causing an overloading on the muscle-tendinous structures of the knee joint. Thus, the establishment of normal parameters for the muscle function related to that joint in volleyball athletes is necessary. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess through isokinetic dynamometry the peak torque, work peak, agonist/antagonist ratio, and fatigue index of the flexor and extensor of the knee among both volleyball athlete population. The isokinetic flexion and extension tests of the knees were performed in the concentric-concentric seat mode at 60 and 300o/sec. velocity in thirty-six athletes (20 under 19-under 21, and 16 under 21). The data allowed to set the parameters for the muscle function of the knee joint among athletes of the 2003 Under 19-Under 21 and Under 21 Brazilian National Team Selection of Male Volleyball. Athletes presented peak torque and work peak values normalized by the body mass to the upper quadriceps to the mean normal values for the athletes and non-athletes populations. Compared to other categories, the under 21 athletes presented significantly higher values for the agonist/antagonist ratio, and peak work ratio of the knee flexors at 60o/sec. velocity. Furthermore, the agonist/antagonist ratio was lower than the reference value expected for both categories, thus characterizing predominance in the extensor musculature over the flexor musculature. The fatigue index was close to what would be expected for the majority of athletes. The present study may be useful as comparison basis for future studies aiming evaluate the isokinetic muscle function in volleyball players.The vertical jump is a basic volleyball practice that demands a high ability to generate strength and work in the muscles involved, mainly in the quadriceps muscle. Due to such demand, muscle imbalances between extensor and flexor muscles may be present, causing an overloading on the muscle-tendinous structures of the knee joint. Thus, the establishment of normal parameters for the muscle function related to that joint in volleyball athletes is necessary. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess through isokinetic dynamometry the peak torque, work peak, agonist/antagonist ratio, and fatigue index of the flexor and extensor of the knee among both volleyball athlete population. The isokinetic flexion and extension tests of the knees were performed in the concentric-concentric seat mode at 60 and 300o/sec. velocity in thirty-six athletes (20 under 19-under 21, and 16 under 21). The data allowed to set the parameters for the muscle function of the knee joint among athletes of the 2003 Under 19-Under 21 and Under 21 Brazilian National Team Selection of Male Volleyball. Athletes presented peak torque and work peak values normalized by the body mass to the upper quadriceps to the mean normal values for the athletes and non-athletes populations. Compared to other categories, the under 21 athletes presented significantly higher values for the agonist/antagonist ratio, and peak work ratio of the knee flexors at 60o/sec. velocity. Furthermore, the agonist/antagonist ratio was lower than the reference value expected for both categories, thus characterizing predominance in the extensor musculature over the flexor musculature. The fatigue index was close to what would be expected for the majority of athletes. The present study may be useful as comparison basis for future studies aiming evaluate the isokinetic muscle function in volleyball players.

Avaliação muscular isocinética da articulação do ombro em atletas da Seleção Brasileira de voleibol sub-19 e sub-21 masculino

INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE: The shoulder complex muscles play an important role in force, power and endurance production in volleyball, allowing the accomplishment of movement in a coordinated manner. The objective written account produced by isokinetic evaluations assists in the diagnosis and prevention of shoulder complex injuries. In addition, it is a useful tool in promoting safe and fast return of the injured athlete to sports practice. The purpose of this study was to analyze the isokinetic muscle performance of the lateral and medial rotators of the glenohumeral joint in Brazilian male volleyball teams (under-19 and under-21). METHODS: The protocol used during the test included five maximum repetitions of shoulder lateral and medial rotation in concentric-concentric mode at 60o/s and 30 repetitions at 360o/s. Analysis of variance was used to evaluate the dependent variables: maximum work and maximum torque of shoulder lateral and medial rotators normalized by body mass, antagonist/agonist ratio at the two speeds and muscular fatigue index. RESULTS: Data analysis demonstrated an imbalance between the shoulder lateral and medial rotators (antagonist/agonist ratio) in the under-21 category of the Brazilian volleyball athletes, demonstrating relative weakness of the lateral rotators. CONCLUSION: It was possible to identify changes in volleyball players, which added to specific demands of the sport, can lead to symptoms in the shoulder complex and / or decrease of performance.

Análise da associação entre a dinamometria isocinética da articulação do joelho e o salto horizontal unipodal, hop test, em atletas de voleibol

ABSTRACTAnalysis on the association between isokinetic dynamometryof the knee’s articulation and one-leg horizontal jump, hoptest, in volleyball athletes The isokinetic dynamometer has been widely used to assessthe muscle performance. Due to its high cost, the use of suchdevice in clinical practice becomes unfeasible. The one-leg hop isa test to evaluate the strength and reliance on lower limbs thatmay be used in routine clinical trials at low cost, being no time-consuming. The present study aimed to assess whether there isany association between the hop test and the muscular functiondata provided by the knee evaluations at the isokinetic dynamom-eter in professional athletes. Materials and methods: Thirty vol-leyball players (8 women and 22 men) were evaluated by means ofisokinetic dynamometer at speeds of 60 o /s and 300 o /s, and throughthe hop test at distance. Results: It was observed a low correla-tion between the deficit of the peak torque (r = 0,441) and thework (r = 0,610) at 60The isokinetic dynamometer has been widely used to assess the muscle performance. Due to its high cost, the use of such device in clinical practice becomes unfeasible. The one-leg hop is a test to evaluate the strength and reliance on lower limbs that may be used in routine clinical trials at low cost, being no timeconsuming. The present study aimed to assess whether there is any association between the hop test and the muscular function data provided by the knee evaluations at the isokinetic dynamometer in professional athletes. Materials and methods: Thirty volleyball players (8 women and 22 men) were evaluated by means of isokinetic dynamometer at speeds of 60 o /s and 300 o /s, and through the hop test at distance. Results: It was observed a low correlation between the deficit of the peak torque (r = 0,441) and the work (r = 0,610) at 60 o /s, with a deficit for hopped distance between lower limbs. Moreover, it was found a low correlation between the muscle performance and the distance reached during the hop test, except for women in the right lower limb. Conclusion: The current study has shown that the hop test cannot be used to replace isokinetic dynamometric tests for functional tests.

Isokinetic muscle evaluation of the knee joint in athletes of the Under-19 and Under-21 Male Brazilian National Volleyball Team

The vertical jump is a basic volleyball practice that demands a high ability to generate strength and work in the muscles involved, mainly in the quadriceps muscle. Due to such demand, muscle imbalances between extensor and flexor muscles may be present, causing an overloading on the muscle-tendinous structures of the knee joint. Thus, the establishment of normal parameters for the muscle function related to that joint in volleyball athletes is necessary. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess through isokinetic dynamometry the peak torque, work peak, agonist/antagonist ratio, and fatigue index of the flexor and extensor of the knee among both volleyball athlete population. The isokinetic flexion and extension tests of the knees were performed in the concentric-concentric seat mode at 60 and 300o/sec. velocity in thirty-six athletes (20 under 19-under 21, and 16 under 21). The data allowed to set the parameters for the muscle function of the knee joint among athletes of the 2003 Under 19-Under 21 and Under 21 Brazilian National Team Selection of Male Volleyball. Athletes presented peak torque and work peak values normalized by the body mass to the upper quadriceps to the mean normal values for the athletes and non-athletes populations. Compared to other categories, the under 21 athletes presented significantly higher values for the agonist/antagonist ratio, and peak work ratio of the knee flexors at 60o/sec. velocity. Furthermore, the agonist/antagonist ratio was lower than the reference value expected for both categories, thus characterizing predominance in the extensor musculature over the flexor musculature. The fatigue index was close to what would be expected for the majority of athletes. The present study may be useful as comparison basis for future studies aiming evaluate the isokinetic muscle function in volleyball players.The vertical jump is a basic volleyball practice that demands a high ability to generate strength and work in the muscles involved, mainly in the quadriceps muscle. Due to such demand, muscle imbalances between extensor and flexor muscles may be present, causing an overloading on the muscle-tendinous structures of the knee joint. Thus, the establishment of normal parameters for the muscle function related to that joint in volleyball athletes is necessary. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess through isokinetic dynamometry the peak torque, work peak, agonist/antagonist ratio, and fatigue index of the flexor and extensor of the knee among both volleyball athlete population. The isokinetic flexion and extension tests of the knees were performed in the concentric-concentric seat mode at 60 and 300o/sec. velocity in thirty-six athletes (20 under 19-under 21, and 16 under 21). The data allowed to set the parameters for the muscle function of the knee joint among athletes of the 2003 Under 19-Under 21 and Under 21 Brazilian National Team Selection of Male Volleyball. Athletes presented peak torque and work peak values normalized by the body mass to the upper quadriceps to the mean normal values for the athletes and non-athletes populations. Compared to other categories, the under 21 athletes presented significantly higher values for the agonist/antagonist ratio, and peak work ratio of the knee flexors at 60o/sec. velocity. Furthermore, the agonist/antagonist ratio was lower than the reference value expected for both categories, thus characterizing predominance in the extensor musculature over the flexor musculature. The fatigue index was close to what would be expected for the majority of athletes. The present study may be useful as comparison basis for future studies aiming evaluate the isokinetic muscle function in volleyball players.

Efeito do Uso do Estabilizador Active Ankle System® na Altura do Salto Vertical em Jogadores de Voleibol

INTRODUCAO E OBJETIVO: Na pratica do voleibol, as entorses de tornozelo representam 25 a 50% das lesoes agudas. Medidas preventivas, como estabilizadores dinâmicos de tornozelo (EDT), sao frequentemente utilizadas, porem, ha controversias se esse dispositivo pode ou nao interferir no desempenho esportivo. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o efeito do EDT Active Ankle System® (AAS) na altura do salto vertical em jogadoras de voleibol. METODOS: Selecionou-se uma amostra de conveniencia de 14 atletas entre 14 e 18 anos de idade, do genero feminino. Estas foram instruidas a saltar simulando o gesto esportivo do ataque e do bloqueio com e sem o EDT, sobre placas de contato conectadas a um computador portatil que, atraves de um programa, calculava a altura do salto vertical. Previamente, foi feito um estudo-piloto para determinacao do coeficiente de correlacao intraclasse para as quatro condicoes de teste (n = 4), no qual os valores encontrados foram: ataque com EDT, 0,95; ataque sem EDT, 0,76; bloqueio com EDT, 0,92; bloqueio sem EDT, 0,89. Os dados de altura de cada tipo de salto vertical nas condicoes com e sem EDT foram comparadas atraves de testes t de Student para amostras pareadas. RESULTADOS: Para um nivel de significância de α = 0,05, nao foi encontrada diferenca significativa entre os saltos do ataque com o EDT (0,41 + 0,073m) e sem o EDT (0,41 + 0,086m), p = 0,517. Tambem nao foi encontrada diferenca significativa para os saltos do bloqueio com o EDT (0,31 ± 0,048m) e sem o EDT (0,32 ± 0,050m), p = 0,06. CONCLUSAO: Os resultados do presente estudo apontam para nao interferencia do uso do EDT AAS no desempenho do salto vertical em atletas de voleibol.

Prevalência e fatores associados a lesões em corredores amadores de rua do município de Belo Horizonte, MG

ABSTRACT Introduction: The practice of street racing has increased in recent years, both for its ease and the low cost involved. This practice, however, involves risks of musculoskeletal injuries. Objective: To assess the prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries and analyze associated factors among street racers amateur of Belo Horizonte / MG. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study. Sample selection was by convenience. The participants were 100 amateur athletes with at least three months of practice running with minimum frequency of twice a week. We collected data on the prevalence of injuries and associated factors using a structured questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of injuries among athletes was 40%. Among the factors associated with injury include the distance and the variation in average daily volume of training. Conclusion: The prevalence of injuries in amateur runners is considerable, although it was reported by less than half of the participants. The characteristics of training may trigger injury and should be carefully analyzed so that the race is held securely.

Evaluación muscular isocinetica de la articulación de la rodilla en atletas de las selecciones brasileras infanto y juveniles de voleibol masculino

The vertical jump is a basic volleyball practice that demands a high ability to generate strength and work in the muscles involved, mainly in the quadriceps muscle. Due to such demand, muscle imbalances between extensor and flexor muscles may be present, causing an overloading on the muscle-tendinous structures of the knee joint. Thus, the establishment of normal parameters for the muscle function related to that joint in volleyball athletes is necessary. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess through isokinetic dynamometry the peak torque, work peak, agonist/antagonist ratio, and fatigue index of the flexor and extensor of the knee among both volleyball athlete population. The isokinetic flexion and extension tests of the knees were performed in the concentric-concentric seat mode at 60 and 300o/sec. velocity in thirty-six athletes (20 under 19-under 21, and 16 under 21). The data allowed to set the parameters for the muscle function of the knee joint among athletes of the 2003 Under 19-Under 21 and Under 21 Brazilian National Team Selection of Male Volleyball. Athletes presented peak torque and work peak values normalized by the body mass to the upper quadriceps to the mean normal values for the athletes and non-athletes populations. Compared to other categories, the under 21 athletes presented significantly higher values for the agonist/antagonist ratio, and peak work ratio of the knee flexors at 60o/sec. velocity. Furthermore, the agonist/antagonist ratio was lower than the reference value expected for both categories, thus characterizing predominance in the extensor musculature over the flexor musculature. The fatigue index was close to what would be expected for the majority of athletes. The present study may be useful as comparison basis for future studies aiming evaluate the isokinetic muscle function in volleyball players.The vertical jump is a basic volleyball practice that demands a high ability to generate strength and work in the muscles involved, mainly in the quadriceps muscle. Due to such demand, muscle imbalances between extensor and flexor muscles may be present, causing an overloading on the muscle-tendinous structures of the knee joint. Thus, the establishment of normal parameters for the muscle function related to that joint in volleyball athletes is necessary. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess through isokinetic dynamometry the peak torque, work peak, agonist/antagonist ratio, and fatigue index of the flexor and extensor of the knee among both volleyball athlete population. The isokinetic flexion and extension tests of the knees were performed in the concentric-concentric seat mode at 60 and 300o/sec. velocity in thirty-six athletes (20 under 19-under 21, and 16 under 21). The data allowed to set the parameters for the muscle function of the knee joint among athletes of the 2003 Under 19-Under 21 and Under 21 Brazilian National Team Selection of Male Volleyball. Athletes presented peak torque and work peak values normalized by the body mass to the upper quadriceps to the mean normal values for the athletes and non-athletes populations. Compared to other categories, the under 21 athletes presented significantly higher values for the agonist/antagonist ratio, and peak work ratio of the knee flexors at 60o/sec. velocity. Furthermore, the agonist/antagonist ratio was lower than the reference value expected for both categories, thus characterizing predominance in the extensor musculature over the flexor musculature. The fatigue index was close to what would be expected for the majority of athletes. The present study may be useful as comparison basis for future studies aiming evaluate the isokinetic muscle function in volleyball players.

Análisis de la asociación entre la dinamometria isocinética de la articulación de la rodilla y el salto horizontal unipodal, hop test, en los atletas de voleibol

ABSTRACTAnalysis on the association between isokinetic dynamometryof the knee’s articulation and one-leg horizontal jump, hoptest, in volleyball athletes The isokinetic dynamometer has been widely used to assessthe muscle performance. Due to its high cost, the use of suchdevice in clinical practice becomes unfeasible. The one-leg hop isa test to evaluate the strength and reliance on lower limbs thatmay be used in routine clinical trials at low cost, being no time-consuming. The present study aimed to assess whether there isany association between the hop test and the muscular functiondata provided by the knee evaluations at the isokinetic dynamom-eter in professional athletes. Materials and methods: Thirty vol-leyball players (8 women and 22 men) were evaluated by means ofisokinetic dynamometer at speeds of 60 o /s and 300 o /s, and throughthe hop test at distance. Results: It was observed a low correla-tion between the deficit of the peak torque (r = 0,441) and thework (r = 0,610) at 60The isokinetic dynamometer has been widely used to assess the muscle performance. Due to its high cost, the use of such device in clinical practice becomes unfeasible. The one-leg hop is a test to evaluate the strength and reliance on lower limbs that may be used in routine clinical trials at low cost, being no timeconsuming. The present study aimed to assess whether there is any association between the hop test and the muscular function data provided by the knee evaluations at the isokinetic dynamometer in professional athletes. Materials and methods: Thirty volleyball players (8 women and 22 men) were evaluated by means of isokinetic dynamometer at speeds of 60 o /s and 300 o /s, and through the hop test at distance. Results: It was observed a low correlation between the deficit of the peak torque (r = 0,441) and the work (r = 0,610) at 60 o /s, with a deficit for hopped distance between lower limbs. Moreover, it was found a low correlation between the muscle performance and the distance reached during the hop test, except for women in the right lower limb. Conclusion: The current study has shown that the hop test cannot be used to replace isokinetic dynamometric tests for functional tests.

Analysis on the association between isokinetic dynamometry of the knee's articulation and one-leg horizontal jump, hop test, in volleyball athletes

ABSTRACTAnalysis on the association between isokinetic dynamometryof the knee’s articulation and one-leg horizontal jump, hoptest, in volleyball athletes The isokinetic dynamometer has been widely used to assessthe muscle performance. Due to its high cost, the use of suchdevice in clinical practice becomes unfeasible. The one-leg hop isa test to evaluate the strength and reliance on lower limbs thatmay be used in routine clinical trials at low cost, being no time-consuming. The present study aimed to assess whether there isany association between the hop test and the muscular functiondata provided by the knee evaluations at the isokinetic dynamom-eter in professional athletes. Materials and methods: Thirty vol-leyball players (8 women and 22 men) were evaluated by means ofisokinetic dynamometer at speeds of 60 o /s and 300 o /s, and throughthe hop test at distance. Results: It was observed a low correla-tion between the deficit of the peak torque (r = 0,441) and thework (r = 0,610) at 60The isokinetic dynamometer has been widely used to assess the muscle performance. Due to its high cost, the use of such device in clinical practice becomes unfeasible. The one-leg hop is a test to evaluate the strength and reliance on lower limbs that may be used in routine clinical trials at low cost, being no timeconsuming. The present study aimed to assess whether there is any association between the hop test and the muscular function data provided by the knee evaluations at the isokinetic dynamometer in professional athletes. Materials and methods: Thirty volleyball players (8 women and 22 men) were evaluated by means of isokinetic dynamometer at speeds of 60 o /s and 300 o /s, and through the hop test at distance. Results: It was observed a low correlation between the deficit of the peak torque (r = 0,441) and the work (r = 0,610) at 60 o /s, with a deficit for hopped distance between lower limbs. Moreover, it was found a low correlation between the muscle performance and the distance reached during the hop test, except for women in the right lower limb. Conclusion: The current study has shown that the hop test cannot be used to replace isokinetic dynamometric tests for functional tests.