Marcos Alan Vieira Bittencourt

Avaliação da influência da quantidade de exposição gengival na estética do sorriso

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of gingival display in the smile aesthetics. METHODS: Two smile photographs (one smiling frontal view and a close-up view) from four people (a Caucasian man, a Caucasian woman, an Afro-Brazilian man and an Afro-Brazilian woman) were used. All photos were processed in the computer and five images for each original photography with different amounts of gingival display were made: 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 mm. Images created from the same group were randomly arranged and submitted to 60 subjects for evaluation, who were asked to rate in an analogic visual scale the attractiveness of each image. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Data recorded was submitted to statistical tests and results showed that 0 and 1 mm of gingival display had the greatest scores, 6.6 and 6.2, respectively, and did not show statistical differences between them (p 0.05).

Influência do posicionamento sagital mandibular na estética facial

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the influence of mandibular sagittal position in the determination of facial attractiveness. METHODS: Facial profile photographs were taken of an Afro-descendant man and a Caucasian man, as well as an Afro-descendant woman and a Caucasian woman. These photos were manipulated on the computer using Adobe Photoshop® CS2 to produce-from each original face-a straight profile, three simulating retrusion and three protrusion mandibular discrepancies. In all, 28 photographs were evaluated by orthodontists (n = 20), oral maxillofacial surgeons (n = 20), plastic artists (n = 20) and laypersons (n = 20). The descriptive analysis was performed by calculating the mean and standard deviation for each group. RESULTS: The straight facial profile was met with greater acceptance by Afro-descendant male faces and female faces. Caucasian males found a lightly concave facial profile with a more prominent mandible to be the most pleasant. After an analysis of skeletal discrepancies simulations, Caucasian males also showed a preference for mandibular protrusion versus retrusion. Females, however, preferred convex over concave profiles. CONCLUSION: The results showed agreement between groups of evaluators in selecting the most attractive profiles. Regarding male faces, a straight profile with a slightly concave face seemed more attractive and a straight facial profile was also greatly valued.

Intrusão dentária utilizando mini-implantes

INTRODUCTION: Among all different varieties of orthodontically induced tooth movement, intrusion is, without doubt, one of the most difficult movements to be reached. Conventional intrusive biomechanics, although possible, may lead to undesirable side-effects. These events, in most cases, are related to the difficulty in obtaining an efficient anchorage unit. Then, mini-implants, because of their high success rates of effective skeletal anchorage, are valuable devices to orthodontists, transforming the intrusion movement, both at the anterior and the posterior regions, a more and more uncomplicated biomechanical procedure. AIM: to describe and show, clinically, different ways of using mini-implants as an anchorage system to intrusion movement.

Má oclusão Classe III de Angle com discrepância ântero-posterior acentuada

Angle Class III malocclusion is characterized by an anteroposterior dental discrepancy which may or may not be accompanied by skeletal changes. In general, distressed by a significantly compromised facial aspect, patients tend to seek treatment. This case was presented to the Brazilian Board of Orthodontics and Facial Orthopedics (BBO), as representative of Category 4, i.e., a malocclusion with severe anteroposterior discrepancy, Class III, and ANB Angle equal to or smaller than -2o, as part of the requirements for obtaining the BBO Diploma.

Avaliação da proporção facial vertical: relação entre as alturas tegumentar e esquelética

OBJETIVO: determinar a relacao entre as alturas faciais obtidas na avaliacao do tegumento e do esqueleto subjacente, na analise da proporcao facial vertical, na regiao anterior. METODOS: foram utilizadas 24 radiografias cefalometricas de perfil e 48 fotografias da face, sendo 24 de perfil e 24 frontais, pertencentes a 24 individuos brasileiros, 7 do sexo masculino e 17 do feminino, na faixa etaria de 19 a 38 anos. Foram realizados tracados cefalometricos e, sobre esses, obtidas medidas lineares, segundo as analises preconizadas por Schudy, Wylie e Johnson e Thompson e Brodie. Sobre as fotografias faciais, foram demarcados os pontos glabela, subnasal e mento, o que permitiu a medicao das distâncias lineares entre os mesmos. Os dados obtidos foram, entao, tratados estatisticamente. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSOES: encontrou-se correlacao positiva entre as avaliacoes do tegumento e do esqueleto subjacente, com base nas analises de Schudy (r=0,619, p<0,001), Wylie e Johnson (r=0,595, p<0,002) e Thompson e Brodie (r=0,630, p<0,001), embora, individualmente, algumas discordâncias tenham sido identificadas, devido a variabilidade em espessura nos tecidos moles.

Conservative treatment of a Class I malocclusion with 12 mm overjet, overbite and severe mandibular crowding

INTRODUCTION: A female patient aged 12 years and 2 months had molars and canines in Class II relationship, severe overjet (12 mm), deep overbite (100%), excessive retroclination and extrusion of the lower incisors, upper incisor proclination, with mild midline diastema. Both dental arches appeared constricted and a lower arch discrepancy of less than -6.5 mm. Facially, she had a significant upper incisors display at rest, interposition and eversion of the lower lip, acute nasolabial angle and convex profile. OBJECTIVE: To report a clinical case consisting of Angle Class I malocclusion with deep overbite and overjet in addition to severe crowding treated with a conservative approach. METHODS: Treatment consisted of slight retraction of the upper incisors and intrusion and protrusion of the lower incisors until all crowding was eliminated. RESULTS: Adequate overbite and overjet were achieved while maintaining the Angle Class I canine and molar relationships and coincident midlines. The facial features were improved, with the emergence of a slightly convex profile and lip competence, achieved through a slight retraction of the upper lip and protrusion of the lower lip, while improving the nasolabial and mentolabial sulcus. CONCLUSIONS: This conservative approach with no extractions proved effective and resulted in a significant improvement of the occlusal relationship as well as in the patients dental and facial aesthetics.