Marcos Eielson Pinheiro de Sá

Bacteria in Dairy Products in Baggage of Incoming Travelers, Brazil

To the Editor: International air travel can lead to the rapid global dissemination of infectious agents. Unlike products and byproducts of animal origin imported between countries under agreements that legally establish sanitary standards, products introduced into a country illegally or irregularly do not follow specific standards and can come from any source, thereby posing a risk to the health status of a country. Animal products transported clandestinely in baggage can contain infectious agents harmful to animal and human health (1–4). We investigated Brucella spp., Mycobacterium bovis, and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in dairy products seized from baggage of passengers on flights at the 2 main international airports (Guarulhos Airport, Sao Paulo, and Galeao Airport, Rio de Janeiro), in Brazil.

Bronquite infecciosa das galinhas: conhecimentos atuais, cepas e vacinas no Brasil

Infectious bronchitis (IB) is an acute, highly contagious disease of chickens, caused by infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), which results in great economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide, despite the routine use of vaccines. Several outbreaks do occur periodically in densely populated poultry regions in Brazil and there are constant emergence of new variants. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge about IBV and IB, the distribution, strains and vaccines in Brazil.