Marcos Ishimoto Della Nina

Estudo comparativo entre as osteossínteses com placas e osteossínteses com placas associadas a enxertos de proteína morfogenética óssea (Gen-Tech®) em fraturas distais de rádio-ulna em cães com menos de 6 quilos

It is well known that bone morphogenic proteins (BMP) cause osteogenesis, yet clinical research must be performed in order to really show their benefits. Animals weighing less than 6 kg show well known difficulties regarding radius and ulna fracture repair mainly with bone non-union, due to poor vascularization of the distal portion of the radius. Therefore this study aimed to compare the velocity of bone callus formation in the treatment of fracture repair with plates and screws alone or with plates and screws plus BMP. Thirty three dogs with radius and ulna fractures were distributed into two groups, where animals of the control group received the conservative treatment performed with screws and plates alone, whilst the other group received the conservative treatment and BMP. The time of bone callus formation was evaluated comparatively through radiographic exams 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 210 days after the surgical procedure. Animals treated with BMP showed a healing time of 32±15 days, which was significantly different (p <0.001) from the control group which required 127±34 days. With the results obtained, it can be concluded that the distal radio-ulna fractures of dogs weighing less than 6 kg suffered a significant reduction of the bone callus formation time, which was around 90 days.

Resultados clínicos e radiográficos de placas ósseas bloqueadas em 13 casos

Locking plate is a new internal fixation system where the plate features has double holes, one smooth for compression and other threaded for screw fixing that attaches the plate. It leads to greater stability to the fracture being possible to associate neutral and compressive screws. Traditional screws compress the plate to the bone, in the locking plates there are no such strength and the fit of the screw head to the plate results in less damage to the vascular periosteal support. Thirteen dogs with various orthopedic disorders were treated surgically by locking plate with satisfactory results. The locking plate can be used in veterinary medicine, however, it is a technique that requires care and preoperative planning, especially in the order of applying different types of screws. It is expensive, but provides rigid stability of the fracture site and minimizes the likelihood premature loss of the screw and bone interface, reducing the possibility of instability and early loosening of the implant.

Avaliação do uso de haste bloqueada e bloqueio transcortical no reparo de fraturas diafisárias de fêmur em felinos

Interlocking nails allow rigid fracture stabilization and present biomechanical advantages when compared to other immobilization techniques. It acts along the central mechanical axis of the bone and preserves biological concept standards for osteosynthesis. The use of interlocking nail in cats is limited because the intramedullary space is relatively small for the available nail sizes. We reported 10 cases of cats that had simple or multiple closed fractures of the femoral diaphysis. The animals weighed 3.5 to 5 kg , which allowed using nails of 4.0mm and 4.7mm in diameter. For the nail insertion, retrograde and normograde routs were used, and four 2mm titanium screws were used to lock all the perforations. No trans-surgical complication occurred, however, due to a new trauma, one of the animals suffered femoral neck fracture and transversal distal fracture to the nail, three days after surgery. Radiographies were made up to four months after surgery, and in most cases secondary bone formation was seen, showing bone consolidation in 61-89 days, excluding the animal who suffered new trauma, who presented bone healing in 150 days. Clinically, occasional lameness occurred; however, except for the animal that had new trauma, all animals initiated adequate limb support in 3 to 8 days after surgery. In conclusion, the use of 4.0mm and 4.7mm interlocking nails in felines was adequate, with bone healing in all cases, and also return of good limb function after surgery.

Retalho de omento maior para indução de vascularização e consolidação óssea em cão

This research reports the case of a whippet female dog, 10 years old, with delayed union of left tibia and fibula, exposure of the fracture focus with localized infection, and extensive loss of, muscle, bone and skin after instability caused by two surgical interventions accomplished previously. A flap was made of the greater omentum in a single layer. The fracture site was reached through the subcutaneous tunnel and the coating by mesh skin grafts. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of the larger omentum to induce angiogenesis to the fracture site and the subsequent bone healing, considering the strong role of angiogenesis. The left tibia and fibula were stabilized with external circular fixator. After 80 days there was bone healing of the tibia around the support member and removal of the implant. Postoperative complications included partial necrosis of the cutaneous (25%) flap and shortening of the tibia with consequent laxity ligament of the member.

Fratura proximal de tíbia após cirurgia extracapsular para correção de ruptura de ligamento cruzado cranial em cão

Cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) is one of the most common orthopedic diseases in dogs and extracapsular suture with nylon is often used for its correction. This technique may be associated with incisional complications, post-surgical meniscus injury, swelling associated with suture material and infection. The objective of this study is to report a tibial fracture in a dog, caused by complications after an extracapsular suture for the repair of CCLR. An adult dog, which suffered a tibial fracture after an extracapsular fixation for a CCLR, underwent surgery for the fixation of the fracture with a 2.0mm plate, by a referring veterinarian, but the implant failed. The plate was removed and the fracture was stabilized with a circular fixator. Bone consolidation was observed after 120 days.