Marcus Tulio Caldas

Família, álcool e violência em uma comunidade da cidade do Recife

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar as relacoes entre o uso de bebidas alcoolicas e comportamentos violentos a partir da organizacao familiar em familias de uma comunidade de baixa renda localizada em Recife, Pernambuco. Foram entrevistadas setenta e nove familias, escolhidas de forma aleatoria, distribuidas nas seis microareas que compoem a comunidade. A principio foi aplicado um questionario seguido de uma entrevista semidirigida. Os dados colhidos pelo questionario foram submetidos a analise estatistica descritiva e as entrevistas semidirigidas foram contempladas a partir da analise de conteudo. Nenhum padrao de organizacao familiar se mostrou imune ao uso de bebidas alcoolicas e a possibilidade de comportamentos violentos. O uso abusivo de bebidas alcoolicas nos finais de semana, associado a fortes pressoes socioeconomicas, estilo educacional rigido e punitivo, ambiente sociocultural complexo e exigente, conduz essas familias, frequentemente, a comportamentos violentos, impulsionados e modulados por esses mesmos elementos.

Violência intrafamiliar: crimes contra a mulher na área metropolitana do Recife

This research intends to analyze the relation between the family organization and the criminal acts against women, perpetrated by the partner or other family member. We used a descriptive quantitative statistics for the documental analysis and a qualitative one (speech analysis) for the semi conducted interviews with victims and their relatives. The documents were from judicial processes available in Jaboatao dos Guararapes, Olinda and Recife Forums, in the biennium 2004/2006. The results revealed relevant aspects for violence acts, such as: alcohol beverage ingestion, jealousy, disruption of the marriage relationship by wife/partner invective, and gender rivalry.This research intends to analyze the relation between the family organization and the criminal acts against women, perpetrated by the partner or other family member. We used a descriptive quantitative statistics for the documental analysis and a qualitative one (speech analysis) for the semi conducted interviews with victims and their relatives. The documents were from judicial processes available in Jaboatao dos Guararapes, Olinda and Recife Forums, in the biennium 2004/2006. The results revealed relevant aspects for violence acts, such as: alcohol beverage ingestion, jealousy, disruption of the marriage relationship by wife/partner invective, and gender rivalry.

Da experiência da fala de sujeitos usuários na clínica psicológica às suas possíveis repercussões

This paper intends to promote a reflection on the psychological clinic as an opening place to a creative speech of direction, starting from the experience of the users. Taking into account that there is a particularity of the language in the clinic, one believes that this work makes possible a better understanding of the uniqueness, singularity and importance of this field, leads to reflections and discussions and gives support to the academy and the psychologists fields of activity. The clinical modality chosen to reflect the expressed language in the narrative of the subjects was psycotherapy. For this, it was used the existencial phenomenological methodology to understand and to interpret, through hermeneutics, the experiences of three patients, without taking in consideration age, sex and theoretical approach, because the objective was to collect narratives concerning the experience in the psychological clinic without any specification. The access to these people was made through a previous meeting with colleagues, what made possible the direct contact with the subjects. A triggering/provoking question was asked with the intention of making the patients speak feely about their experience. The discussions became possible from affectations and reflections among the testimonies and the researcher, as well as from dialogues with authors who deal with this field.

Revisitando a técnica de eletroconvulsoterapia no contexto da reforma psiquiátrica brasileira

A tecnica de eletroconvulsoterapia e uma modalidade interventiva da psiquiatria, inaugurada na decada de 30 e utilizada ininterruptamente ate hoje. A discussao que envolve essa tecnica e bastante polemica, e nao porta uma reflexao dialogica entre os campos de saberes afins a ela. Foi proposta do presente estudo realizar uma leitura teorica da tecnica, a partir do conjunto teorico-pratico do campo da saude mental, tendo como referencia as orientacoes eticas do Movimento de Reforma Psiquiatrica, intencionando discutir a sua coerencia para as praticas de cuidado nesse campo. Problematizar e recomplexificar o tema foi o objetivo geral deste artigo, alcancado atraves de uma revisao bibliografica do assunto. Foram identificadas pontes entre a proposta da tecnica de ECT e as concepcoes que embasaram a assistencia manicomial/hospitalocentrica, e, por isso, questionamos a sua coerencia para o campo interventivo contemporâneo da saude mental, que se propoe a dar seguimento as desconstrucoes do paradigma classico da psiquiatria.

O fenômeno da acomodação familiar em pais/mães de pacientes com transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo

One of the most frequent phenomena in the families of obsessive-compulsive disorder patients is Family Accommodation: participation in the patients rituals, with modifications to the routine, which contributes to reinforcing and maintaining the symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the level of Family Accommodation presented by 12 mothers and 2 fathers, selected from the Measure of Perceived Criticism applied to the patients. Results were analyzed according to four dimensions: 1) participation in patients obsessive-compulsive rituals; 2) modifications to family routine; 3) family stress; 4) patients disturbance level when not helped. From 70 answers (100.0%), 78.6% related participation in obsessive-compulsive behavior. Out of a total of 56 answers (100.0%), 78.6% indicated changes in family routine; 100.0% of the answers indicated family stress, and 83.3% indicate that the patient is disturbed when not helped.

Condutas autolesivas entre detentas da Colônia Penal Feminina do Recife

This study intends to analyse possible influence factors on self-harm among incarcerated Brazilian women from the feminine criminal colony of Recife. Its specific objectives include formulating intervention strategies to reduce the incidence of those behaviors. Two questionnaires were elaborated: the first one to carry through a census with all prisoners and select the sample, determining the extension of self-harm; the second one is for specific application with selected prisoners, to go deeper in self-harm study. Qualitative data were collected through observation notes and half-directed interviews in groups. Data analysis included quantitative method of descriptive statistics analysis and qualitative method of thematic analysis. Several factors correlated to self-harm were found: relief of psychological suffering as a result from the incarceration environment; self-anger or anger of others; drug use; manipulative attempts to get advantages in the prison and attempts to communicate and affirmation of individuality in a collective environment.

Intrafamilial violence: criminal acts against women in Recife's metropolitan area

This research intends to analyze the relation between the family organization and the criminal acts against women, perpetrated by the partner or other family member. We used a descriptive quantitative statistics for the documental analysis and a qualitative one (speech analysis) for the semi conducted interviews with victims and their relatives. The documents were from judicial processes available in Jaboatao dos Guararapes, Olinda and Recife Forums, in the biennium 2004/2006. The results revealed relevant aspects for violence acts, such as: alcohol beverage ingestion, jealousy, disruption of the marriage relationship by wife/partner invective, and gender rivalry.This research intends to analyze the relation between the family organization and the criminal acts against women, perpetrated by the partner or other family member. We used a descriptive quantitative statistics for the documental analysis and a qualitative one (speech analysis) for the semi conducted interviews with victims and their relatives. The documents were from judicial processes available in Jaboatao dos Guararapes, Olinda and Recife Forums, in the biennium 2004/2006. The results revealed relevant aspects for violence acts, such as: alcohol beverage ingestion, jealousy, disruption of the marriage relationship by wife/partner invective, and gender rivalry.

O corpo em uma perspectiva fenomenológico-existencial: aproximações entre Heidegger e Merleau-Ponty

This essay presents an existential-phenomenological perspective of the body, having Heidegger and Merleau-Ponty as reference authors. In the traditional conceptions, the body has been understood as a biological mechanism in opposition to a supersensible instance (ration, mind or soul), as source of erotic and impersonal pleasure, and most recently, as a ‘visit card’, submitted to fashion, health and good shape tendencies. Would those conceptions be absolute or expression of a certain way of life of the contemporaneous society? Which implications do those conceptions have? Would there be something still unthought? In the first place - we think - there is a lot to consider about the body under theoretical and thematic obliquities. Reflecting on this based on the heideggerian view, this essay intents to show one of the possible ways to rethink the body, according to some approximations to Merleau-Ponty’s view. We will see how the present body conception is linked to a certain conception of man and being and that we have a kind of “original intimacy” with the world that the body conception defended in this essay points out. We should recover this intimacy in order to raise a more human, close and intimate way of being in the world and with other people.Nosso objetivo e pensar sobre o corpo em uma perspectiva fenomenologico-existencial, tomando Heidegger e Merleau-Ponty como referencia. Nas concepcoes tradicionais, tem-se compreendido o corpo como mecanismo biologico, contraposto a uma instância suprassensivel (razao, psique ou alma), como fonte de prazer erotico e impessoal e, mais contemporaneamente, como cartao de visita submetido aos ditames da moda, da saude e da boa forma. Seriam essas concepcoes absolutas ou expressao de determinado modo de ser da sociedade contemporânea? Que implicacoes tem tais concepcoes? Haveria algo impensado? A principio - consideramos -, ha muito que se pensar sobre o corpo sob diversos ângulos tematicos e teoricos, e tanto tais concepcoes tradicionais quanto as atuais sao expressoes de um modo de pensar de determinada epoca. Fazendo uma reflexao respaldada no pensamento heideggeriano, procuramos mostrar um dos caminhos possiveis de se repensar o corpo, procedendo a algumas aproximacoes com o pensamento de Merleau-Ponty. Veremos como a concepcao atual de corpo se vincula a determinada concepcao de homem e de ser e que temos uma especie de intimidade original com o mundo que o olhar sobre o corpo aponta. Tal intimidade deve ser recuperada para cultivarmos um modo mais humano e mais proximo com os outros.

The body in an existential-phenomenological perspective: approximations between Merleau-Ponty and Heidegger

This essay presents an existential-phenomenological perspective of the body, having Heidegger and Merleau-Ponty as reference authors. In the traditional conceptions, the body has been understood as a biological mechanism in opposition to a supersensible instance (ration, mind or soul), as source of erotic and impersonal pleasure, and most recently, as a ‘visit card’, submitted to fashion, health and good shape tendencies. Would those conceptions be absolute or expression of a certain way of life of the contemporaneous society? Which implications do those conceptions have? Would there be something still unthought? In the first place - we think - there is a lot to consider about the body under theoretical and thematic obliquities. Reflecting on this based on the heideggerian view, this essay intents to show one of the possible ways to rethink the body, according to some approximations to Merleau-Ponty’s view. We will see how the present body conception is linked to a certain conception of man and being and that we have a kind of “original intimacy” with the world that the body conception defended in this essay points out. We should recover this intimacy in order to raise a more human, close and intimate way of being in the world and with other people.Nosso objetivo e pensar sobre o corpo em uma perspectiva fenomenologico-existencial, tomando Heidegger e Merleau-Ponty como referencia. Nas concepcoes tradicionais, tem-se compreendido o corpo como mecanismo biologico, contraposto a uma instância suprassensivel (razao, psique ou alma), como fonte de prazer erotico e impessoal e, mais contemporaneamente, como cartao de visita submetido aos ditames da moda, da saude e da boa forma. Seriam essas concepcoes absolutas ou expressao de determinado modo de ser da sociedade contemporânea? Que implicacoes tem tais concepcoes? Haveria algo impensado? A principio - consideramos -, ha muito que se pensar sobre o corpo sob diversos ângulos tematicos e teoricos, e tanto tais concepcoes tradicionais quanto as atuais sao expressoes de um modo de pensar de determinada epoca. Fazendo uma reflexao respaldada no pensamento heideggeriano, procuramos mostrar um dos caminhos possiveis de se repensar o corpo, procedendo a algumas aproximacoes com o pensamento de Merleau-Ponty. Veremos como a concepcao atual de corpo se vincula a determinada concepcao de homem e de ser e que temos uma especie de intimidade original com o mundo que o olhar sobre o corpo aponta. Tal intimidade deve ser recuperada para cultivarmos um modo mais humano e mais proximo com os outros.

El cuerpo en una perspectiva fenomenológico-existencial: acercamientos entre Heidegger y Merleau-Ponty

This essay presents an existential-phenomenological perspective of the body, having Heidegger and Merleau-Ponty as reference authors. In the traditional conceptions, the body has been understood as a biological mechanism in opposition to a supersensible instance (ration, mind or soul), as source of erotic and impersonal pleasure, and most recently, as a ‘visit card’, submitted to fashion, health and good shape tendencies. Would those conceptions be absolute or expression of a certain way of life of the contemporaneous society? Which implications do those conceptions have? Would there be something still unthought? In the first place - we think - there is a lot to consider about the body under theoretical and thematic obliquities. Reflecting on this based on the heideggerian view, this essay intents to show one of the possible ways to rethink the body, according to some approximations to Merleau-Ponty’s view. We will see how the present body conception is linked to a certain conception of man and being and that we have a kind of “original intimacy” with the world that the body conception defended in this essay points out. We should recover this intimacy in order to raise a more human, close and intimate way of being in the world and with other people.Nosso objetivo e pensar sobre o corpo em uma perspectiva fenomenologico-existencial, tomando Heidegger e Merleau-Ponty como referencia. Nas concepcoes tradicionais, tem-se compreendido o corpo como mecanismo biologico, contraposto a uma instância suprassensivel (razao, psique ou alma), como fonte de prazer erotico e impessoal e, mais contemporaneamente, como cartao de visita submetido aos ditames da moda, da saude e da boa forma. Seriam essas concepcoes absolutas ou expressao de determinado modo de ser da sociedade contemporânea? Que implicacoes tem tais concepcoes? Haveria algo impensado? A principio - consideramos -, ha muito que se pensar sobre o corpo sob diversos ângulos tematicos e teoricos, e tanto tais concepcoes tradicionais quanto as atuais sao expressoes de um modo de pensar de determinada epoca. Fazendo uma reflexao respaldada no pensamento heideggeriano, procuramos mostrar um dos caminhos possiveis de se repensar o corpo, procedendo a algumas aproximacoes com o pensamento de Merleau-Ponty. Veremos como a concepcao atual de corpo se vincula a determinada concepcao de homem e de ser e que temos uma especie de intimidade original com o mundo que o olhar sobre o corpo aponta. Tal intimidade deve ser recuperada para cultivarmos um modo mais humano e mais proximo com os outros.