Marek Dzida

On the possible increasing of efficiency of ship power plant with the system combined of marine diesel engine, gas turbine and steam turbine, at the main engine - steam turbine mode of cooperation

On the possible increasing of efficiency of ship power plant with the system combined of marine diesel engine, gas turbine and steam turbine, at the main engine - steam turbine mode of cooperation This paper presents a concept of a ship combined high-power system consisted of main piston engine and associated with it: gas power turbine and steam turbine subsystems, which make use of energy contained in exhaust gas from main piston engine. The combined system consisted of a piston combustion engine and an associated with it steam turbine subsystem, was considered. An algorithm and results of calculations of the particular subsystems, i.e. of piston combustion engine and steam turbine, are presented. Assumptions and limitations taken for calculations, as well as comparison of values of some parameters of the system and results of experimental investigations available from the literature sources, are also given. The systems energy optimization was performed from the thermodynamic point of view only. Any technical - economical analyses were not carried out. Numerical calculations were performed for a Wärtsilä slow-speed diesel engine of 52 MW output power.

On the possible increasing of efficiency of ship power plant with the system combined of marine diesel engine, gas turbine and steam turbine in case of main engine cooperation with the gas turbine fed in parallel and the steam turbine

On the possible increasing of efficiency of ship power plant with the system combined of marine diesel engine, gas turbine and steam turbine in case of main engine cooperation with the gas turbine fed in parallel and the steam turbine The article presents a concept of a combined large-power ship propulsion system, composed of the leading internal combustion main engine associated with a power gas turbine and the steam turbine system, both utilising the energy taken from the main engine exhaust gas. In the examined variant the power turbine, arranged in parallel with a turbocharger, is fed with the exhaust gas from the exhaust manifold. A calculation algorithm is presented, along with sample calculations for particular subsystems: supercharging, gas power turbine, and steam turbine system. Assumptions were formulated for the calculations, and were complemented by the adopted limits. Selected system parameters were confronted with the experimental investigations available in the literature. The performed power optimisation of the entire combined marine power plant took only into account the thermodynamic point of view, leaving aside technical and economic aspects. The numerical calculations were performed for the 52 MW low-speed marine diesel engine.

Comparing combined gas tubrine/steam turbine and marine low speed piston engine/steam turbine systems in naval applications

Comparing combined gas tubrine/steam turbine and marine low speed piston engine/steam turbine systems in naval applications The article compares combined systems in naval applications. The object of the analysis is the combined gas turbine/steam turbine system which is compared to the combined marine low-speed Diesel engine/steam turbine system. The comparison refers to the additional power and efficiency increase resulting from the use of the heat in the exhaust gas leaving the piston engine or the gas turbine. In the analysis a number of types of gas turbines with different exhaust gas temperatures and two large-power low-speed piston engines have been taken into account. The comparison bases on the assumption about comparable power ranges of the main engine.

Calculations of labyrinth seals with and without diagnostic extraction in fluid-flow machines

ABSTRACT Labyrinth seals are essential components of steam turbine unit constructions. Two types of labyrinth seals can be named, the first of which is the seal without diagnostic steam extraction, and the second - with extraction. The distribution of flow parameters along the packing is affected remarkably by the average seal clearance. The presence of diagnostic extraction leads to the equation system which is determinable and can be inversed to calculate the average seal clearance Si. Analysing the obtained results leads to the conclusion that the information about this parameter provides opportunities to monitor the current state of the packing in real time. The applied calculation procedure bases on the de Saint - Venant equation. The article also includes a brief description of both types of seals.

Increasing Power Supply Safety in the Aspect of Supporting the Renewable Energy Sources by Conventional and Virtual Power Stores

Abstract This paper presents characteristics and purposefulness of supporting the renewable energy sources (OZE) by means of energy stores. The main emphasis was placed on analysis of virtual energy stores available for implementation in Polish economy conditions. A role which management of Demand Side Response (DSR) may play in balancing Polish electric power system, is discussed. Implementation of such solutions together with conventional energy stores may significantly influence power supply safety by assuring continuity of electric power supply at an acceptable price. Involvement of electric power consumers (DSR) should be one of the basic solutions for power markets in Poland and Europe.

Operation of Two-Shaft Gas Turbine in the Range of Open Anti-Surge Valve

Abstract This paper presents experimental tests of full-scale two-shaft gas turbine in the range of open anti-surge valve (ASV). The tests were carried out in a laboratory gas- turbine test stand belonging to Department of Automation and Power Engineering , Faculty of Ocean Engineering and Ship Technology , Gdańsk University of Technology. The tests covered the start-up and low load operation of the turbine set in the range of open anti-surge valve.

Operation evaluation method for marine turbine combustion engines in terms of energetics

Abstract An evaluation proposal (quantitative determination) of any combustion turbine engine operation has been presented, wherein the impact energy occurs at a given time due to Energy conversion. The fact has been taken into account that in this type of internal combustion engines the energy conversion occurs first in the combustion chambers and in the spaces between the blade of the turbine engine. It was assumed that in the combustion chambers occurs a conversion of chemical energy contained in the fuel-air mixture to the internal energy of the produced exhaust gases. This form of energy conversion has been called heat. It was also assumed that in the spaces between the blades of the rotor turbine, a replacement occurs of part of the internal energy of the exhaust gas, which is their thermal energy into kinetic energy conversion of its rotation. This form of energy conversion has been called the work. Operation of the combustion engine has been thus interpreted as a transmission of power receivers in a predetermined time when there the processing and transfer in the form (means) of work and heat occurs. Valuing the operation of this type of internal combustion engines, proposed by the authors of this article, is to determine their operation using physical size, which has a numerical value and a unit of measurement called joule-second [joule x second]. Operation of the combustion turbine engine resulting in the performance of the turbine rotor work has been presented, taking into account the fact that the impeller shaft is connected to the receiver, which may be a generator (in the case of one-shaft engine) or a propeller of the ship (in the case of two or three shaft engine).

Gas turbines – technological development and potential use in CAES systems

This article briefly describes Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES), focusing on the technological development of one of the key elements of such systems – the gas turbines. It presents the basic parameters and features of gas turbines, as well as turbine classes with example models. Main tendencies in the structural and technological development are discussed. Changes and trends on electric energy markets are becoming more and more dependent on sources with flexible operating characteristics, therefore, the advantages of gas turbines and the reasons for their development are listed as well

Inlet Air Fogging of Marine Gas Turbine in Power Output Loss Compensation

Abstract The use of inlet air fogging installation to boost the power for gas turbine engines is widely applied in the power generation sector. The application of fogging to mechanical drive is rarely considered in literature [1]. This paper will cover some considerations relating to its application for gas turbines in ship drive. There is an important evaporative cooling potential throughout the world, when the dynamic data is evaluated, based on an analysis of coincident wet and dry bulb information. This data will allow ships’ gas turbine operators to make an assessment of the economics of evaporative fogging. The paper represents an introduction to the methodology and data analysis to derive the direct evaporative cooling potential to be used in marine gas turbine power output loss compensation.

Supporting Windpower Within a Separate Electric Power Grid

Utilization of windpower is considerably increasing in many countries around of the world. However, it produces an unreliable output due to the vagaries of the wind profile. To solve the problem, wind energy should be supported by local conventional sources. The requirements concerning the reliability and quality of electric energy supply can be most satisfactorily fulfilled when a windfarm is connected to a large electric power system. Then any electric power fluctuations, resulting either from wind turbulence or power demand variation, provoke system frequency variations. They should be damped by applying an appropriate control system of such a large power system. In this paper, the problem of control of a separate electric power system composed of windpower farm and supported by a gas turbine plant or a combined cycle has been investigated. First, the impact of wind turbulence on gas turbine plant control system has been modeled and simulated. This is carried out for different amplitudes and frequencies of wind speed. Next, the structure of gas turbine plant control system and its parameters have been adapted to limit the power and frequency fluctuations resulting from wind turbulence. Then the design is further developed by considering a combined cycle instead of a single gas turbine.Copyright