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Dive into the research topics where Marek Krąpiec is active.

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Featured researches published by Marek Krąpiec.


Geochronometria | 2013

Progress in the holocene chrono-climatostratigraphy of Polish territory

Leszek Starkel; Danuta J. Michczyńska; Marek Krąpiec; Włodzimierz Margielewski; Dorota Nalepka; Anna Pazdur

The Holocene delivers a unique possibility to establish climatic stratigraphic boundaries based on detailed chronostratigraphy reflected in various facies of continental sediments, in their lithological parameters and organic remains. These sediments are dated by the 14C method in the case of organic remains, by counting annual laminations in lacustrine facies, and by dendrochronological method in the case of fluvial sediments.The existence of well dated profiles enables to reconstruct various climatic parameters like amplitudes of seasonal temperatures, types and frequency of extreme rainfalls and floods and, finally, to distinguish rare rapid changes and most frequent gradual ones. This reconstruction is based on the analogous effects of various types of present-day rainfalls.The current authors present a critical review of existing chronostratigraphic divisions starting from simple millennial division by Mangerud based on Scandinavian palynological stratigraphy of peat-bogs and Starkel’s concept based on fluctuations in rainfall and runoff regime reflected in fluvial and other facies of continental deposits.In the last decades, the calibration of 14C dates allowed a new approach to be used for the construction of the probability distribution function of these dates in various facies or types of sediments, which formed a background for distinguishing and correlating climatic phases and defining boundaries between them. These approaches have been creating new opportunities for revision of the existing chronostratigraphy.The aim of this paper is to present a revised version of chronostratigraphic division based on climatic fluctuations reflected in various facies of sediments on the territory of Poland and discuss their correlation with other European regions and global climatic changes.


Geochronometria | 2011

The age of the subfossil trunk horizon in deposits of the Warta River valley (central Poland) based on 14C dating

Danuta Dzieduszyńska; Joanna Petera-Zganiacz; Marek Krąpiec

The present study focuses on investigations carried out in the Late Vistulian succession of the Warta River deposits (central Poland) in which a horizon of subfossil trees was excavated. Prelim-inary conclusions on time record and past environmental conditions of a forest existence determined from radiocarbon dating, pollen analyses and geological evidence appear promising with view of tree-ring chronologies.


Geochronometria | 2014

Sub-fossil wood from the Rucianka raised bog (NE Poland) as an indicator of climatic changes in the first millennium BC

Joanna Barniak; Marek Krąpiec; Leszek Jurys

The dendrochronological studies were carried out on very well preserved sub-fossil pine wood found in the biogenic deposits of the Rucianka raised bog (NE Poland). Local floating chronologies, covering the period 990-460 cal BC, were dated on the basis of radiocarbon analyses. Growth depressions in annual treering widths indicated periodical deterioration of the environmental conditions, which affected tree growth. Identified germination and dying-off phases (GDO) should be related to the wetter climatic periods. The extinction of trees took place during periods of higher groundwater level which, in turn, caused favourable conditions for growth of young pines.


Archive | 2011

Drowned Forests in the Gulf of Gdańsk (Southern Baltic) as an Indicator of the Holocene Shoreline Changes

Szymon Uścinowicz; Grażyna Miotk-Szpiganowicz; Marek Krąpiec; Małgorzata Witak; Jan Harff; Harald Lübke; Franz Tauber

This chapter presents a newly discovered locality of tree stumps occurring in situ at the bottom of the Gulf of Gdansk. It focuses in particular on the age of the stumps and characterization of the palaeoenvironment, i.e. the nature of the plant communities in which the trees grew and also on their position in relation to the palaeo sea level. Tree stumps occurring in situ on the sea floor along with peat deposits are the most reliable indicators of sea level changes. The site is located about 6–7 km NE of the entrance to the Gdansk harbour, in water depth of 16–17 m. The thickness of marine sand at the site is from a few to a dozen centimetres. Below the sand, gyttja with peat intercalations and wood fragments occur. Sixteen fragments of alder trunks and one oak trunk’s fragment were extracted. Radiocarbon ages of the tree trunk fragments are 7,920 ± 50 BP, 7,940 ± 40 BP, 7,960 ± 40 BP and 8,000 ± 50 BP. The age of gyttja, according to pollen analyses, is of early Atlantic period. The characteristic forest composition of that time was the broad deciduous forest with oak (Quercus), elm (Ulmus) and lime (Tilia). The climate was characterized by good thermal and moisture conditions, which is confirmed by the presence of pollen grains of mistletoe (Viscum) and ivy (Hedera). The obtained data about the time of accumulation of the investigated sediments indicate that the sea level at that time was about 19–20 m lower than at present.


Geochronometria | 2007

The Oak Chronology (948-1314 AD) for the Zary Area (Sw Poland)

Małgorzata Danek; Marzena Kłusek; Marek Krąpiec

The Oak Chronology (948-1314 AD) for the Zary Area (Sw Poland) The study presents the results of investigations aimed at construction of a site chronology for oak wood from the surroundings of Zary (SW Poland). The 366-year chronology ZY_2006, covering the period 948-1314 AD was determined on the basis of 189 individual ring patterns representing samples of archaeological wooden objects lifted at the excavation works led in the Old Town of Zary in the years 2004-2005. The chronology produced exhibits high similarity to the standards for the neighbouring regions: Wielkopolska and Lower Silesia. The statistical parameters of the chronology are very high and, thanks to the signature years determined, it should be an excellent tool for dating samples of mediaeval timbers from the whole region of Ziemia Lubuska, including some with relatively short dendrochronological sequences.


Geochronometria | 2010

THE PERMUTATION TEST FOR TESTING THE STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE POWER SPECTRUM ESTIMATION IN DENDROCHRONOLOGICAL ANALYSIS

Andrzej Krawczyk; Marek Krąpiec

The Permutation Test for Testing the Statistical Significance of the Power Spectrum Estimation in Dendrochronological Analysis The study presents a proposal of application of the statistical permutation test, known from other applications, for searching for the symptoms of cyclicity, in particular related to solar activity, in the annual growth sequences of trees. The test consists in generation of random sequences of the increment widths observed and comparison of their periodograms with the periodogram of the sequence analysed. This allows for evaluation of the significance of the individual frequencies in the total variability. The model calculations carried out indicate that in the studies on cyclicity in dendrochronological sequences satisfactory results could be obtained in the analysis of sets of the individual sequences (but not the chronologies produced from them). It is important to generate sufficiently high numbers (1000 and more) of random sequences and to apply relatively low significance levels (at 0.05, or even 0.01).


Geochronometria | 2007

Dendrochronological dating of icons from the Museum of the Folk Building in Sanok

Marek Krąpiec; Joanna Barniak

Dendrochronological Dating of Icons from the Museum of the Folk Building in Sanok Dendrochronological analysis was carried out for 13 historic icons from the collection of the Museum of the Folk Building in Sanok, painted on fir and spruce boards. Eleven sequences of the annual growth rings produced from the analysed fir boards were absolutely dated against the fir dendrochronological standard for S Poland, constructed by E. Szychowska-Krąpiec. Most of the analysed objects date back to the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, only one board was dated to the midnineteenth century. The dendrochronological analyses carried out prove broad possibilities of dating objects of the iconographic art painted on panels from fir wood, originating from south-eastern Poland and adjacent areas.


Geochronometria | 2012

Dendrochronological and radiocarbon dating of the medieval stronghold in Ujście (Poland)

Monika Bolka; Marek Krąpiec

In 2008, the archaeological museum in Piła carried out excavations in the site No. 5 in Ujście upon the river Noteć (Poland), at the Rybacka Street and in the Old Market Square. In 12 archaeological excavations and 4 surveys abundant wooden structures were discovered, from which about 800 samples were taken, mainly of pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and oakwood (Quercus sp.). The studies were aimed at absolute dating of wood with the dendrochronological method, the wiggle matching fitting curves method, as well as anatomical determination of wood. Absolute dating of the oakwood from the Rybacka Street allowed to distinguish the oldest fortifications of the stronghold from the ninth century, and also intensive introduction of wood in the years 980–1080 AD, whereas analysis of wood from the Old Market (survey IV) allowed to distinguish eight structural levels, from the 1530s until the 970s. On the basis of the pine wood 227-year-long local chronology 2U_02A was produced, dated with the wiggle-matching method for the period 860–1080 (±10) cal. AD. Most of the pine samples proved to represent wood introduced in the 990s and 1040s (±10) cal. AD, and also some repairs in the years 1000–1030 and 1050–1070 (±10) cal. AD.


Geochronometria | 2018

Dendrochronological dating as the basis for developing a landslide hazard map – An example from the Western Carpathians, Poland

Katarzyna Łuszczyńska; Małgorzata Wistuba; Ireneusz Malik; Marek Krąpiec; Bartłomiej Szypuła

Abstract Most landslide hazard maps are developed on the basis of an area’s susceptibility to a landslide occurrence, but dendrochronological techniques allows one to develop maps based on past landslide activity. The aim of the study was to use dendrochronological techniques to develop a landslide hazard map for a large area, covering 3.75 km2. We collected cores from 131 trees growing on 46 sampling sites, measured tree-ring width, and dated growth eccentricity events (which occur when tree rings of different widths are formed on opposite sides of a trunk), recording the landslide events which had occurred over the previous several dozen years. Then, the number of landslide events per decade was calculated at every sampling site. We interpolated the values obtained, added layers with houses and roads, and developed a landslide hazard map. The map highlights areas which are potentially safe for existing buildings, roads and future development. The main advantage of a landslide hazard map developed on the basis of dendrochronological data is the possibility of acquiring long series of data on landslide activity over large areas at a relatively low cost. The main disadvantage is that the results obtained relate to the measurement of anatomical changes and the macroscopic characteristics of the ring structure occurring in the wood of tilted trees, and these factors merely provide indirect information about the time of the landslide event occurrence.


Radiocarbon | 2017

Radiocarbon Dating of Barrows of the Pazyryk, Karakoba, and Bystrianka Cultures from the Manzherok Region, Russia

Andriey P. Borodovskiy; Marek Krąpiec; Łukasz Oleszczak

This paper presents radiocarbon ( 14 C) dating of Scythian period sites discovered in Northern Altai, Russia, in the 1990s, including large, unlooted barrow cemeteries in the Manzherok region. The results indicate that barrows attributed to the Karakoba culture may represent a long time span from the beginning of the 9th century BC until the beginning of 1st century BC, while those linked with the North Pazyryk culture generally keep within the Scythian period: from the beginning of the 5th century BC to the late 1st century AD. 14 C analysis has confirmed the viability of traditional archaeological dating and the contemporaneity of barrows belonging to various cultural traditions (North Pazyryk, Karakoba), and also allowed correlating the horizons of burials to the seismic phenomena observed at the site.

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Elżbieta Szychowska-Krąpiec

AGH University of Science and Technology

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Andrzej Z. Rakowski

Silesian University of Technology

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Anna Pazdur

Silesian University of Technology

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Danuta J. Michczyńska

Silesian University of Technology

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Dominik Pawłowski

Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań

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Jacek Pawlyta

Silesian University of Technology

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Joanna Barniak

AGH University of Science and Technology

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Leszek Starkel

Polish Academy of Sciences

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