Marek Przyborski

Maritime Laser Scanning as the Source for Spatial Data

Abstract The rapid development of scanning technology, especially mobile scanning, gives the possibility to collect spatial data coming from maritime measurement platforms and autonomous manned or unmanned vehicles. Presented solution is derived from the mobile scanning. However we should keep in mind that the specificity of laser scanning at sea and processing collected data should be in the form acceptable in Geographical Information Systems, especially typical for the maritime needs. At the same time we should be aware that data coming from maritime mobile scanning constitutes a new approach to the describing of maritime environment and brings a new perspective that is completely different than air and terrestrial scanning. Therefore, the authors, would like to present results of an experiment aimed at testing the possibilities of using mobile scanning at sea. Experiment was conducted in the harbour and the associated environment of neighbouring southern coast of the Baltic Sea.

Mobile Indicators in GIS and GPS Positioning Accuracy in Cities

The publication describes the possible use of tele-geoprocessing as a synergy of modern IT solutions, telecommunications and GIS algorithms. The paper presents a possibility of urban traffic monitoring with the use of mobile GIS indicators of dedicated monitoring system designed for taxi corporation. The system is based on a stationary and mobile software package. The optimal and minimal assumptions for the monitoring of urban traffic are described. They can be implemented as a verification or supplementary tool for complex and high cost transportation management systems or throughput of city streets monitoring systems. The authors show limitations of standard monitoring and GNSS positioning in urban area. They indicate the possible improvement in the functionality of the application to the calculation of supplementary vector data of possible trajectories and based on it, the correction of the data received from the satellite positioning.

A METHOD OF SELECTING LIGHT SOURCES FROM NIGHT SATELLITE SCENES

ABSTRACT Satellite images carries a lot of data. Very sophisticated methods of analyses may reveal very complicated nature of the observed objects. In case of night images, lights play the role of information sources. In this paper we would like to present results of the research aimed to describe light sources from satellite night images by providing description of their luminosity. The authors point source imaging data from the satellite systems available for use in the remote sensing analyses. They also present researches on the analysis of light propagation based on measurements of radiance of night city lights on the basis of modern satellite imaging systems and models of light propagation in the atmosphere. The paper includes a description of the technology of satellite scenes remote sense analysis with successive steps of the creation of night lighting map. The purpose of the article, in addition to the presentation of the current scientific achievements, based on the night satellite images showing the potential of this technology, is an attempt to draw attention to the problem of light pollution and to make a simple analysis of this phenomenon on the basis of such imaging.

A modern approach to an unmanned vehicle navigation

A traditional approach to manned vehicles navigation uses a data combined form a variety of navigation sensors like satellite, inertial and time-of-flight. With support of operators perception, chart and sensor, data are analyzed and navigation decisions are made. An unmanned platforms navigation needs an operators support, who is supervising a platforms decision process, basing on navigation data obtained via variety of electronic sensors. Majority of unnamed platform are equipped with a single visible light camera, in order to transmit an actual information on platforms surroundings. It helps operator to react on dynamically changing navigation situation. That fact lead us to a thesis, that a visual data generated by a single nonmetric camera can be a good source of navigation information for plotting own platform trajectory and support an autonomous navigation process.

An unorthodox view on the problem of tracking facial expressions

Recent developments in imaging cameras has opened a new way of analyzing facial expression. We would like to take advantage from this new technology and present a method of imaging and processing images of human face as a response to the particular stimuli. The response in this case is represented by the facial expressions and the stimuli are still images representing six basic emotions according to Eckmann. Working hypothesis of presented research, states that the new method of tracking facial expressions is more precise and distinctive enough to give characteristic description of the analyzed human face. The biggest advantage of the presented method, in the opinion of research team, is the fact that it uses remote sensing techniques and presents dynamics of the changes happening on the human face. Therefore, FMRI might not be required, which decreases the costs of experiments, additionally, method is less stressful for the examined persons and provides more natural reactions.

Information About Dynamics of the Sea Surface as a Means to Improve Safety of the Unmanned Vessel at Sea

Abstract One of the fundamental states of the sea surface is its heave. Despite of years of the intense scientific inquiry, no clear understanding of the influence of this aspect on the dynamics of the sea environment has emerged. The separation of two nearby fluid elements which one may observed for example as a free floating of small objects on the sea surface (rescuers on the rough sea or small research vessels) is caused by the interaction of different components. On the other hand one may say that the heave of the sea is also a summary interaction of a few components describing the dynamics of the sea. Therefore it is the most important aspect, which influenced the dispersion phenomenon. This observation has important consequences for many different problems as for example conducting Search and Rescue missions and using unmanned ships. We would like to present results of our experiment focused on finding the answer to question about nature of the heave of the sea and its influence on safety of Unmanned Surface Vessels (USV).

A new method of presosns identification based on comparative analysis of 3D face models

The article presents the use of modern close range photogrammetry for possessing highly accurate 3D models of the human face (including the ears). Modern methods used to obtain precise data describing the construction of a human face, and even the whole human body, should allow to get finished measurement material in a very short time. Those features belong to the optical scanning technology. Comparative analysis of models of the human face has been made (created from the cloud of points obtained from optical scanner) for the same person as well as for two different persons. Among other things, the parameters describing the similarity of a human face (in particular, the similarity of the human ear) based primarily on the analysis of the differences between the points of the model (comparison of several hundred thousand points on the model) were determined. Ultimately, these parameters can be used to identify persons. Considering the great opportunities presented methods, other potential applications have been presented.

A PROPOSAL FOR ONE-IMAGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY SYSTEM FOR MEASURING THE CLEARANCE DISTANCE. CASE STUDY

Measurement of the clearance distance (both in the context of the rail and road) is one of the current and increasingly discussed topics in the context of photogrammetric and image processing (computer vision) methods. The article presents a description of a simple and rapid method of measure the clearance distance between the obstacles by using one-image photogrammetry. The proposed method was tested for the railway, tram and road clearance measurements. This method is based on placing (dynamic or static) testing board in the clearance distance between the relevant obstacles. In addition, this method involves the use of non-metric camera to take images with the appropriate distance, which is dependent on the clearance distance. Before taking a picture, the camera should be calibrated and appropriate parameters should be set. Then the pictures are processed using the appropriate software. Finally we have a fully metric image, which can be used for doing measurements. Achieved accuracy oscillated within 1-2 pixels. One of the advantages of this system is the speed of measurements collected at the field session. This method is much more economically and financially efficient than currently known systems for doing such a measurements, which are based on metric cameras or surveying instruments.