Maria Auxiliadora Milaneze-Gutierre

Anatomia caulinar de espécies epífitas de Cactaceae, subfamília Cactoideae

This study aimed at characterizing the stem of seven epiphytes species of Cactaceae: Epiphyllum phyllanthus, Hatiora salicornioides, Lepismium cruciforme, L. warmingianum, Rhipsalis baccifera, R. cereuscula and R. sulcata, from a fragment of Seasonal Semidecidual Forest in Maringa, northwest of the State of Parana. Most species had stems covered by thick cuticle sometimes with an adjacent epicuticular layer. They showed parallelocytic stomata, frequently sunken in the epidermis. Underlying, they are 1-3 layers of collenchymatous hypoderm and a great proportion of cortical parenchyma, presenting mucilaginous and crystalliferous cells. The central cylinder has the vascular bundles forming a concentric ring, always with cap of fibers in the phloem pole, and the pith can be or not sclerified. Starch and lipid substances are the main storage compounds of these plants.

Morfoanatomia e venação foliar de seis espécies de Phoradendron Nutt. (Viscaceae)

In this study, we analyzed the leaf morphology and anatomy as well as the pattern of leaf venation of six mistletoe species (Phoradendron, Viscaceae) occurring in Maringa, in the state of Parana. The leaves are highly variable in relation to the limb and leaf apex shape. The venation type is trinervia in P. obtusissimum, P. mucronatum and P. quadrangulare, quinquenervia in P. linearifolium and P. perrottetii, and quintuplinervia in P. piperoides. The distribution of vascular bundles in all the species is acrodromous, suprabasal in P. piperoides and basal in the other species. Anatomically, the species presented similar pattern of tissue distribution: the leaves are amphystomatic with paracytic stoma, covered by a thin cuticle; the periclinal wall of the epidermis cells is thick and cutinized; the mesophyl is homogeneous with brachysclereids, dilated tracheids and idioblasts with crystals, lipidic and phenolic substances. The petiole is covered by a papilose epidermis. The vascular bundles are collateral with derived fibers of the phloem and primary xylem. The morphologic aspects are the most suitable for the distinction of Phoradendron species, together with the analyses of the venation pattern, and the anatomical aspects complement them.

Anatomia vegetativa de Bromelia antiacantha Bertol. (Bromeliaceae, Bromelioideae)

Este estudo objetivou a analise anatomica dos orgaos vegetativos de Bromelia antiacantha Bertol. As folhas desta especie sao hipoestomaticas e cobertas por escamas, as quais exibem dimorfismo, mais abundantes na face abaxial e na regiao basal. As demais celulas epidermicas sao lignificadas, contendo corpusculos silicosos. O mesofilo mostra-se composto por hipoderme espessa junto as faces adaxial e abaxial, parenquima aquifero desenvolvido, parenquima clorofiliano e colunas de aerenquima (celulas braciformes) entre os feixes vasculares, sempre colaterais. O caule apresenta parenquima homogeneo, com cavidades mucilaginosas e idioblastos cristaliferos. O rizoma esta composto por cortex espesso, com graos de amido, e uma porcao mais interna, onde se concentram os feixes vasculares. O sistema radical desta especie e amplo e fasciculado. O velame diferencia-se em epivelame, formando pelos nas raizes jovens, enquanto que no cortex ha expressivos canais de ar e na endoderme observam-se espessamentos em “U”. No cilindro central ha polos de xilema e floema intercalados, estando a porcao central altamente lignificada.