Maria Cristina Teixeira Braga Messias

Análise multitemporal das mudanças no uso e ocupação do Parque Estadual do Itacolomi (MG) através de técnicas de geoprocessamento

Over the past forty years, Itacolomi State Park (ISP), located in the region of Ouro Preto/Minas Gerais, has been subject to several changes in its patterns of land use and occupation. These changes were recorded and quantifi ed using remote sensing and GIS techniques, which allowed for the construction of four land use maps, representing the changes in the area during the last four decades. In order to evaluate these changes, the following classes of vegetation were defi ned: Seasonal Semideciduous Forest, Rocky outcrops and Anthropogenic Areas. First, land use maps from 1966 and 1974 were compared, defi ning the fi rst period of analysis; then, 1974 and 1986 maps were considered in the second period of analysis, and fi nally the third period of analysis used 1986 and 2000 maps. The changes that occurred in ISP were predominantly of anthropogenic origin, with greater intensity in the

Schizaeales no Parque Estadual do Itacolomi, Minas Gerais, Brasil

This work presents the taxonomic study of Schizaeales from Itacolomi State Park, located in Ouro Preto and Mariana Municipalities, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The vegetation of the Park is mostly formed by campos rupestres and semideciduous forests. The Schizaeales is found primarily in tropics and southern temperate zones, consisting of three families: Schizaeaceae, Anemiaceae and Lygodiaceae. Fourteen taxons were found: Anemia (11 species, including three varieties), Lygodium (one species), Schizaea (one species). Six taxons were recognized as endemics to Brazil. Identification keys, descriptions, illustrations and comments are presented.

Structural determination of 3 β ,11 β -dihydroxyfriedelane from Maytenus robusta (Celastraceae) by 1D and 2D NMR

A new pentacyclic triterpene, 3β,11β-dihydroxyfriedelane was isolated from leaves of Maytenus robusta Reissek (Celastraceae) together with other four known compounds: 3-oxofriedelane (friedelin), 3β-hydroxyfriedelane, 3-oxo-29-hydroxyfriedelane and 3-oxo-11β-hydroxyfriedelane. The structure and chemical conformation of the new friedelane triterpene were established by 1H and 13C NMR, including the 2D experiments, HSQC, HMBC, COSY and NOESY.

Restore it, and they will come: trap-nesting bee and wasp communities (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) are recovered by restoration of riparian forests

Riparian forests have been greatly affected by anthropogenic actions with formerly continuous riparian forests being slowly converted into small and isolated patches. Riparian forests are extremely important habitats for many groups of insects, including bees and wasps, because they are sources of shelter and food for them and their offspring. There is a growing body of evidence of success in the restoration of riparian forest plant communities; however, little research has been done on the associated invertebrate communities. We test whether restoring plant communities is sufficient for restoring the taxonomic composition of trap-nesting bees and wasps and which functional traits are favored in different sites. We predict that species richness, abundance, and community composition of trap-nesting bees and wasps of riparian sites undergoing restoration will converge on the “target” of a reference site with increasing time, since restoration increases habitat complexity. We also predict that the width of restored patches will also influence the species richness, abundance and community composition of trap-nesting bees and wasps. Bee richness and abundance, and wasp richness, were strongly related to fragment width, but not to age since restoration. Our results indicate that although restored sites are relatively small and scattered in a fragmented landscape, they provide suitable habitat for re-colonization by community assemblages of trap-nesting bees and wasps and the traits selected captured the responses to the habitat restoration. Hence, restored riparian areas can be considered important habitats for invertebrates, thus contributing to an increase in local biodiversity and, possibly, the restoration of some of the ecosystem services they originally provided.

Análise quimiométrica usando RMN de 13C como ferramenta para diferenciar duas espécies de Maytenus

Maytenus robusta foi recentemente sinonimizada com Maytenus gonoclada devido a sobreposicao de caracteres morfologicos utilizados na classificacao botânica. O presente estudo investiga as diferencas quimicas entre robusta Maytenus gonoclada e Maytenus robusta usando analise quimiometrica. Os dados de RMN de 13 C de triterpenos pentaciclicos obtidos a partir dessas especie foram avaliados por meio da Analise de Componentes Principais (PCA) e os friedelanes foram os metabolitos que mais contribuiram para as diferencas entre as duas especies. Isso demonstra a analise quimiometrica como uma ferramenta importante para esclarecer a taxonomia de plantas semelhantes.