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Dive into the research topics where Maria da Penha Trindade Pinheiro Xavier is active.

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Featured researches published by Maria da Penha Trindade Pinheiro Xavier.


Journal of Medical Virology | 2010

Surveillance of norovirus infections in the state of Rio De Janeiro, Brazil 2005-2008.

Mônica Simões Rocha Ferreira; M. Victoria; Filipe Anibal Carvalho-Costa; Carmen Baur Vieira; Maria da Penha Trindade Pinheiro Xavier; Julia Monassa Fioretti; Juliana da Silva Ribeiro de Andrade; Eduardo de Mello Volotão; M. Rocha; José Paulo Gagliardi Leite; Marize Pereira Miagostovich

A 4‐year (2005–2008) norovirus (NoV) surveillance study was conducted in the state of Rio Janeiro, Brazil, to demonstrate the role of these viruses in outbreaks and sporadic cases of acute gastroenteritis. A cohort of 1,687 fecal samples was obtained from patients with gastroenteritis; 324 were rotavirus‐positive. Of the remainder 1,363 rotavirus‐negative samples, 1,087 samples were tested for NoV RNA in this study. The study enrolled 267 outpatients from Municipal Public Health Centers and 820 inpatients, whose samples were obtained by active surveillance in Public Hospitals. Fecal samples were tested by reverse transcription (RT) followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the MON 431–434 set of degenerate primers for NoV GI and GII detection, and there were 35.1% (381/1,087) positive samples for NoV, consisting of 30.2% (248/820) and 49.8% (133/267) from inpatient and outpatient, respectively. Children infected by NoV had significantly more frequent mucus in feces, vomiting and fever. No seasonal pattern in NoV infections was observed in patients admitted to hospital; however, two peaks of NoV infections were observed from ambulatory cases, suggesting that there was an occurrence of outbreaks in those time periods. Molecular characterization revealed GII to be the most prevalent genogroup, totaling 96.3% (104/108) of all sequences analyzed, and GII.4 was the genotype detected most frequently (80.7%), followed by GII.6, 3, 14, 7, and 8. Two GI strains, GI.2 and GI.3, were also observed. The number of outbreaks and sporadic cases described in this study highlights the need to implement diagnosis of NoV in surveillance laboratories. J. Med. Virol. 82:1442–1448, 2010.


Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz | 2011

Genetic diversity of noroviruses in Brazil

Julia Monassa Fioretti; Mônica Simões Rocha Ferreira; M. Victoria; Carmen Baur Vieira; Maria da Penha Trindade Pinheiro Xavier; José Paulo Gagliardi Leite; Marize Pereira Miagostovich

Norovirus (NoV) infections are a major cause of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks around the world. In Brazil, the surveillance system for acute diarrhoea does not include the diagnosis of NoV, precluding the ability to assess its impact on public health. The present study assessed the circulation of NoV genotypes in different Brazilian states by partial nucleotide sequencing analysis of the genomic region coding for the major capsid viral protein. NoV genogroup II genotype 4 (GII.4) was the prevalent (78%) followed by GII.6, GII.7, GII.12, GII.16 and GII.17, demonstrating the great diversity of NoV genotypes circulating in Brazil. Thus, this paper highlights the importance of a virological surveillance system to detect and characterize emerging strains of NoV and their spreading potential.


Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research | 2009

Detection of caliciviruses associated with acute infantile gastroenteritis in Salvador, an urban center in Northeast Brazil

Maria da Penha Trindade Pinheiro Xavier; Solange Artimos de Oliveira; Mônica Simões Rocha Ferreira; M. Victoria; V. Miranda; Marcelle Figueira Marques da Silva; Agostino Strina; Mauricio Lima Barreto; M. P. Miagostovicht; José Paulo Gagliardi Leite

Acute gastroenteritis caused by viruses is one of the leading causes of infantile morbidity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of human caliciviruses of the genera norovirus and sapovirus in children up to 3 years of age with acute gastroenteritis from low-income communities in the city of Salvador, Brazil. This study is an extension of previous work carried out to establish the profile of the most prevalent enteric pathogens present in these communities. In this report, 139 fecal samples, collected from July 2001 to January 2002 were analyzed by RT-PCR and 13 (9%) were positive for human caliciviruses. By sequencing, seven isolates were characterized as norovirus genogroup GII and one as sapovirus genotype GII/1. Sequencing of the previously detected group-A rotaviruses and human astroviruses was also performed and revealed the circulation of rotavirus group A genotypes G1P[8] and G9P[8], and human astrovirus genotypes 6, 7, and 8. No mixed infection was observed. Community-based studies provide geographically representative information on disease burden. However, there are only a few reports in developing countries concerning the genotypes of the most important gastroenteric viruses detected in such communities. The present findings demonstrate the wide diversity of genotypes of the most important viruses responsible for acute gastroenteritis circulating in low-income communities.


Journal of Clinical Virology | 2014

Noroviruses associated with outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 2004-2011.

Juliana da Silva Ribeiro de Andrade; Mônica Simões Rocha; Felipe Aníbal Carvalho-Costa; Julia Monassa Fioretti; Maria da Penha Trindade Pinheiro Xavier; Zenaida Maria Alves Nunes; Jeanice Cardoso; Alexandre Madi Fialho; José Paulo Gagliardi Leite; Marize Pereira Miagostovich

BACKGROUND Acute gastroenteritis norovirus (NoV) in a country of continental dimensions like Brazil has resulted in under-reporting of the number of outbreaks, as well as the genotypes associated. OBJECTIVES To demonstrate the role of NoV in outbreaks occurring in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil, we determined its prevalence, as well as the genotypes associated, and evaluated clinical and epidemiological aspects. STUDY DESIGN NoV investigation was carried out in rotavirus group A negative stool samples from 2265 patients from 741 outbreaks that occurred in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, during a period of eight years (2004-2011). NoV detection and nucleotide sequencing for genotype characterization was carried by using sets of primers targeting a conservative Rd-Rp polymerase genome region and the viral capsid gene, respectively. RESULTS NoVs were detected in 817 stool samples (36.1%) and associated with 327 outbreaks (44.1%). NoV GII.2, GII.3, GII.4, GII.6, GII.12, GII.13, GII.14, GII.15, GII.17, GII.21; and GI.1 and GI.3 were characterized. GII.4 was the most frequently detected (72.3%), with five variants identified (Asia_2003, Hunter_2004, Yerseke_2006a, Den_Haag_2006b, New Orleans_2009). This study describes the first detection of GI.1 and GII.13 and GII.15 in Brazil and demonstrates NoV winter-spring seasonality in this region of the country. CONCLUSIONS NoVs were responsible for almost 50% of outbreaks, with about 70% of them resulting from genotype GII.4 and its variants. The seasonality observed could help health authorities to establish a system of active surveillance in order to reduce NoV impact especially in congregate settings.


PLOS ONE | 2015

Surveillance of Human Astrovirus Infection in Brazil: The First Report of MLB1 Astrovirus.

Maria da Penha Trindade Pinheiro Xavier; Filipe Anibal Carvalho Costa; Mônica Simões Rocha; Juliana da Silva Ribeiro de Andrade; Fernanda Kreischer Bandeira Diniz; Thais Ramos de Andrade; Marize Pereira Miagostovich; José Paulo Gagliardi Leite; Eduardo de Mello Volotão

Human astrovirus (HAstV) represents the third most common virus associated with acute diarrhea (AD). This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of HAstV infection in Brazilian children under 5 years of age with AD, investigate the presence of recently described HAstV strains, through extensive laboratory-based surveillance of enteric viral agents in three Brazilian coastal regions between 2005 and 2011. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the overall HAstV detection rate reached 7.1% (207/2.913) with percentage varying according to the geographic region: 3.9% (36/921) in the northeast, 7.9% in the south (71/903) and 9.2% in the southeast (100/1.089) (p < 0.001). HAstV were detected in cases of all age groups. Detection rates were slightly higher during the spring. Nucleotide sequence analysis of a 320-bp ORF2 fragment revealed that HAstV-1 was the predominant genotype throughout the seven years of the study. The novel AstV-MLB1 was detected in two children with AD from a subset of 200 samples tested, demonstrating the circulation of this virus both the in northeastern and southeastern regions of Brazil. These results provide additional epidemiological and molecular data on HAstV circulation in three Brazilian coastal regions, highlighting its potential to cause infantile AD.


Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz | 2012

Genotyping of gastroenteric viruses in hospitalised children: first report of norovirus GII.21 in Brazil.

Mônica Simões Rocha Ferreira; Rita de Casia Cubel Garcia; Maria da Penha Trindade Pinheiro Xavier; Rubia Lane Ribeiro; Rosane Maria Santos de Assis; Maria do Céu Ms Mota; José Paulo Gagliardi Leite; Marize Pereira Miagostovich; Solange Artimos de Oliveira

This retrospective study (April-September 2003) was designed to investigate the roles of the main viruses responsible for cases of acute infantile gastroenteritis in hospitalised children up to two years of age. The viruses were identified in 64.7% (88/136) of the cases and the detection rates of rotavirus A (RVA), norovirus (NoV) and astrovirus were 41.9% (57/136), 30.3% (24/79) and 12.7% (7/55), respectively. RVA and NoV were detected in 20 of the 24 reported nosocomial infection cases. This study identified the first circulation of the genotype NoV GII.21 in Brazil and highlights the need to establish differential diagnoses through active laboratorial surveillance.


Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz | 2016

A non-enteric adenovirus A12 gastroenteritis outbreak in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Silvana Augusta Rodrigues Portes; Eduardo de Mello Volotão; Mônica Simões Rocha; Maria C. Rebelo; Maria da Penha Trindade Pinheiro Xavier; Rosane Maria de Assis; Tatiana Lundgren Rose; Marize Pereira Miagostovich; José Paulo Gagliardi Leite; Filipe Anibal Carvalho-Costa

A gastroenteritis outbreak that occurred in 2013 in a low-income community in Rio de Janeiro was investigated for the presence of enteric viruses, including species A rotavirus (RVA), norovirus (NoV), astrovirus (HAstV), bocavirus (HBoV), aichivirus (AiV), and adenovirus (HAdV). Five of nine stool samples (83%) from patients were positive for HAdV, and no other enteric viruses were detected. Polymerase chain reaction products were sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis, which revealed four strains and one strain of non-enteric HAdV-A12 and HAdV-F41, respectively. The HAdV-A12 nucleotide sequences shared 100% nucleotide similarity. Viral load was assessed using a TaqMan real-time PCR assay. Stool samples that were positive for HAdV-A12 had high viral loads (mean 1.9 X 107 DNA copies/g stool). All four patients with HAdV-A12 were < 25 months of age and had symptoms of fever and diarrhoea. Evaluation of enteric virus outbreaks allows the characterisation of novel or unique diarrhoea-associated viruses in regions where RVA vaccination is routinely performed.


PLOS ONE | 2017

Enteric viruses in HIV-1 seropositive and HIV-1 seronegative children with diarrheal diseases in Brazil

Silvana Augusta Rodrigues Portes; Filipe Anibal Carvalho-Costa; Monica S. Rocha; Tulio Machado Fumian; Adriana G. Maranhão; Rosane Maria de Assis; Maria da Penha Trindade Pinheiro Xavier; Myrna Santos Rocha; Marize Pereira Miagostovich; José Paulo Gagliardi Leite; Eduardo de Mello Volotão

Diarrheal diseases (DD) have distinct etiological profiles in immune-deficient and immune-competent patients. This study compares detection rates, genotype distribution and viral loads of different enteric viral agents in HIV-1 seropositive (n = 200) and HIV-1 seronegative (n = 125) children hospitalized with DD in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Except for group A rotavirus (RVA), which were detected through enzyme immunoassay, the other enteric viruses (norovirus [NoV], astrovirus [HAstV], adenovirus [HAdV] and bocavirus [HBoV]) were detected through PCR or RT-PCR. A quantitative PCR was performed for RVA, NoV, HAstV, HAdV and HBoV. Infections with NoV (19% vs. 9.6%; p<0.001), HBoV (14% vs. 7.2%; p = 0.042) and HAdV (30.5% vs. 14.4%; p<0.001) were significantly more frequent among HIV-1 seropositive children. RVA was significantly less frequent among HIV-1 seropositive patients (6.5% vs. 20%; p<0.001). Similarly, frequency of infection with HAstV was lower among HIV-1 seropositive children (5.5% vs. 12.8%; p = 0.018). Among HIV-1 seropositive children 33 (16.5%) had co-infections, including three enteric viruses, such as NoV, HBoV and HAdV (n = 2) and NoV, HAstV and HAdV (n = 2). The frequency of infection with more than one virus was 17 (13.6%) in the HIV-1 negative group, triple infection (NoV + HAstV + HBoV) being observed in only one patient. The median viral load of HAstV in feces was significantly higher among HIV-1 positive children compared to HIV-1 negative children. Concerning children infected with RVA, NoV, HBoV and HAdV, no statistically significant differences were observed in the medians of viral loads in feces, comparing HIV-1 seropositive and HIV-1 seronegative children. Similar detection rates were observed for RVA, HAstV and HAdV, whilst NoV and HBoV were significantly more prevalent among children with CD4+ T lymphocyte count below 200 cells/mm3. Enteric viruses should be considered an important cause of DD in HIV-1 seropositive children, along with pathogens more classically associated with intestinal infections in immunocompromised hosts.


PLOS ONE | 2012

Assessment of Gastroenteric Viruses Frequency in a Children's Day Care Center in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil: A Fifteen Year Study (1994–2008)

Mônica Simões Rocha Ferreira; Maria da Penha Trindade Pinheiro Xavier; Anna Carolina De Castro Tinga; Tatiana Lundgren Rose; Tulio Machado Fumian; Alexandre Madi Fialho; Rosane Maria de Assis; Filipe Anibal Carvalho Costa; Solange Artimos de Oliveira; José Paulo Gagliardi Leite; Marize Pereira Miagostovich


Journal of Medical Virology | 2008

Acute gastroenteritis cases associated with noroviruses infection in the state of Rio de Janeiro.

Mônica Simões Rocha Ferreira; Maria da Penha Trindade Pinheiro Xavier; Tulio Machado Fumian; M. Victoria; Solange Artimos de Oliveira; L.H.A. Pena; José Paulo Gagliardi Leite; Marize Pereira Miagostovich

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M. Victoria

Oswaldo Cruz Foundation

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