Maria Grazia Monaci

Intelligenza emotiva e consumo di eroina

Le evidenze empiriche sulla relazione fra intelligenza emotiva (IE) e consumo di sostanze psicoattive sono ancora scarse e spesso contraddittorie. Il presente studio indaga la relazione fra IE e consumo di una sostanza illecita e potenzialmente in grado di indurre dipendenza quale l’eroina. L’ipotesi di partenza e che una bassa IE sia associata al consumo di eroina. Vengono inoltre esaminate le relazioni fra IE e altri costrutti generalmente considerati negli studi sul consumo di sostanze, in particolare l’health locus of control, gli stili di coping e le emozioni associate all’eroina, controllando inoltre gli effetti del genere. In base alle evidenze precedenti, si e ipotizzato che l’IE mostri relazioni significative con comportamenti adattivi. Un gruppo di tossicodipendenti in trattamento per dipendenza da eroina (44, F = 14) e stato confrontato con un gruppo di controllo (48, F = 22) di persone non tossicodipendenti ma con caratteristiche socio-demografiche simili. Una misura globale di IE e stata ottenuta tramite la versione italiana dello strumento di Schutte e colleghi. I risultati evidenziano la presenza di una correlazione positiva dell’IE con uno stile di coping adattivo quale il confronto diretto, e negativa con l’evitamento nei soli tossicodipendenti, nonche con le emozioni a basso arousal, positive nei tossicodipendenti e negative nei non consumatori, confermando parzialmente le ipotesi. Non emergono invece relazioni fra IE e consumo di eroina. L’IE si conferma piu connessa a comportamenti esplorativi dell’ambiente e alla regolazione affettiva, mentre non sembra direttamente connessa a comportamenti di consumo di sostanze.

La persuasione interpersonale attraverso il contatto fisico: una rassegna

The present review focuses on the effects of interpersonal physical contact on compliance to explicit or implicit requests and on carrying out desired behaviours, reporting main empirical findings, critical aspects of the field, and some possible directions for future research. The studies examined had been carried out in those contexts where this non-verbal form of communication is mainly applied, such as persuasive communications, marketing strategies, purchase behaviours, educational settings, prosocial behaviours. Following over 20 years of research studies on this issue, even if they are not so copious, contact has been shown in many circumstances as a powerful compliance inducerelement that induces compliance, compared with a similar context where no such contact has occurred. In the literature several possible mediators of its effects have been proposed, like for example the positive evaluation of the person making the gesture, his or her status, the induction of a positive mood. However, there are no systematic studies that compare them and that might allow the discovery of the affective-cognitive processes involved.

Il consumo alcolico in giovani valdostani : uno studio qualitativo

Alcohol consumption among young people in Aosta Valley, North Italy: a qualitative study ABSTRACT: The study explores some aspects of risky behavior in alcohol consumption in the AostaValley territory (North-western Italy) in a sample of youth aged 18 to 25 years. Alcohol is one of the most widely used psychoactive substances in the western world, with young people being the group most at risk to develop alcohol-related problems. The main aim is to study the influence of social norms and of the regional territory culture on juvenile alcohol consumption. Six focus groups were set up by selecting participants according to gender, occupational status (workers/students), area of residence (high/middle/low valley). By means of a qualitative analysis some categories of phenomenon description were identified. They were analyzed based on the variables utilized to recruit participants. Main results show that alcohol consumption is a cultural practice well rooted in the Aosta Valley territory and ruled by implicit norms that are handed down from generation to generation. Socialization and fun are its main functions. Females drink smaller amounts than males and especially when they are with the latter. Ways of consumption are different in the areas investigated, while no differences have been found between workers and students.