María Inés Stimolo

Satisfacción Laboral y Síndrome de Desgaste Laboral en Enfermeros de Hospitales Públicos Córdoba-Argentina

espanolLa falta de satisfaccion laboral sumada a caracteristicas propias de cada persona, actuarian como condicionantes para la aparicion del Sindrome Burnout (BO), enfermedad laboral que afecta a profesionales expuestos a condiciones psicosociales desfavorables en su medio laboral. El objetivo de esta investigacion fue determinar el nivel de satisfaccion laboral, la prevalencia del BO y su relacion con variables socio demograficas, en profesionales de enfermeria de hospitales publicos de Cordoba, Argentina, bajo la hipotesis de que existe relacion directa entre la falta de satisfaccion laboral y BO. Se selecciono una muestra de enfermeros profesionales, a quienes se les suministro una encuesta socio demografica, un cuestionario de satisfaccion laboral y el Maslach Burnout Inventory. De un estudio cuantitativo aplicando distintas metodologias estadisticas, como Analisis Factorial de Correspondencias Multiples (AFCM), Regresion Logistica y Contrastes de Independencia para variables ordinales, la poblacion estudiada se clasifico como satisfecha y muy satisfecha, sin embargo, casi un cuarto de la misma padece algun grado de BO. Se establece en esta muestra, un perfil de riesgo para BO o alguno de sus tres componentes, a quienes tienen mas de 40 anos, no tienen hijos ni pareja, viven en el interior de la Provincia, no estan satisfechos laboralmente y trabajan prioritariamente en hospitales provinciales. EnglishThe lack of job satisfaction added each person´s own characteristics would function as determining factors in the appearance of the Burnout Syndrome (BO) which is a job illness that affects professionals who are exposed to unfavorable psychosocial conditions in their labor environment. The aim of this investigation was to determine the level of job dissatisfaction, the prevalence of BO and its relationship with socio demographic variables, in professional nurses working in public hospitals of Cordoba, Argentina, based on the hypothesis that there is a direct relationship between the lack of job satisfaction and BO. Professional nurses were selected and they were provided with a socio demographic survey, a questionnaire of job satisfaction and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. From a quantitative study applying different statistical methodologies like: Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA), Logistic Regression and Contrasts of Independence for ordinary variables, the studied population was classified as satisfied and very satisfied. However, almost a quarter suffer from some grade of BO. Some BO risk or some of its three components are established to those people who are over 40 years old, without children and live outside the Province. They are not satisfied with their jobs and they work mainly in provincial hospitals.

Work Practices, Exposure Assessment and Geographical Analysis of Pesticide Applicators in Argentina

1.1 Argentina Argentina is the second largest country of South America. In its central-eastern region, there is a plain extending over more than 50 million hectares, whose high fertility and productivity provide significant comparative advantages for agriculture production (Hall et al., 1992, as cited in Manuel-Navarrete et al., 2009). This activity is one of the main axes of Argentinas economy, particularly the production of cereals and oilseeds, the primary export of Argentina, placing it among the main grain-producing countries of the world (United States Department of Agriculture, 2010). In the history of Argentina, agriculture has been a prime contributor to economic and social development. Among the factors that explain this process are the external economic environment, the political framework, domestic economic conditions and the behaviour of production and innovation. At the same time, it is important to analyse its impact both socially and environmentally. Several evolutionary periods can be noticed in Argentinean agriculture: a birth and expansion period (from 1862 to 1929); an agricultural recession period (from 1929 to 1950); a mechanization and modernization period (from 1950 to 1989) and the productive specialization and agriculturalization period (from 1990) (Stratta Fernandez & Rios Carmenado, 2010). In the latter two periods, from the mid-20th century, there was an important expansion of agricultural production, marked by technological transformations. Some highlights of this period are: a) the creation of INTA (National Institute for Agricultural Technology) in 1957;

SP6-50 Occupational pesticide exposure in Cordoba, Argentina. An assessment based on self-reported information of agricultural applicators

Occupational pesticide exposure is a global health concern in agricultural settings. During the last 20 years, Argentina has experienced a process of “agriculturalization” characterised by a strong and continuous increase in the land area dedicated to crop growing. Cordoba, located in the center of the country, is one of the most important cropping province; its cultivated area increased from 3.397.050 ha in 1994/95 to 6.810.500 ha in 2009/10. Moreover, an extensive agricultural model was set up based on the production with glyphosate-resistant transgenic soybean, no-till and intensive use of fertilisers and pesticides since 1996. In fact, a strong growth in the marketing of pesticides was observed: 155 million pounds in 1995 to 600 million pounds in 2007. Nevertheless, environmental impact and human health effects is poorly studied in this region. A population-based study of 880 agricultural applicators was carried out between 2007 and 2010. An exposure assessment was performed based on self-reported data. Workers completed a validated questionnaire describing several socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics, pesticide and personal protective equipment use, lifetime exposure years and their health conditions. The main results indicate that our population is composed by young men (34.9 y, SD 11.04); 71% of them have mixed/applied pesticides up to 10 years and 46.5% live <500 m with respect to the next sprayed crop. Furthermore, 67% do not use adequate PPE and 65% apply on an average of 7000 ha/year. Our research shows a risk scenario that warrants further evaluation particularly for chronic health effects occurrence.