Marian Gorynia

Poland and Its Investment Development Path

This paper attempts to explore the concept of an investment development path (IDP) and its key component, the net outward investment position, as applied to Poland, treated here as a transitional economy. The point of departure for data analysis is the beginning of Polands transition to a market-based system in 1990. The paper analyzes the available macroeconomic data identifying the IDP path for Poland and formulating the reasons for, and consequences of, the countrys current IDP position. The role of government regulations and policies affecting foreign direct investment (FDI) is also investigated. Poland is at the end of the second stage of its IDP and behind the position that its gross domestic product would justify. This is mainly due to the pull of the large internal market, the still weak competitiveness of domestic firms in international markets, and government reluctance to adopt more active, firm-specific ownership advantage stimulating policies toward outward FDI.

Poland's Investment Development Path and Industry Structure of FDI Inflows and Outflows

ABSTRACT This study explores changes in industry composition of FDI inflows to and outflows from Poland, using the conceptual framework of J. Dunnings model of the investment development path (IDP). The data time frame used (from 1996 to 2005) allows for identification of significant changes in FDI structure as Poland moves through stage 2 of her IDP. The leading position of the manufacturing sector in both FDI inflows and outflows is replaced by services (especially financial and trade). The last section presents policy implications focused on measures designed to redress the imbalance between the still much larger inflows than outflows of FDI.

Emerging Profiles of Polish Outward Foreign Direct Investment

In this study, the authors identify the emerging profiles of Polands outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) at the macro- and micro-levels and propose relevant policy measures. They also set up a theoretical framework for further investigation of the identified trends and patterns. Both types of analysis—macro and micro—point to a regional focus of Polands OFDI on Europe and to a sectoral concentration on services, followed by manufacturing. At the same time, the micro-analysis reveals a dominant role of a few largest Polish multinationals in the countrys OFDI.

Outward FDI of Polish Firms: The Role of Motives, Entry Modes and Location Factors *

The present paper aims to identify the interdependencies between the motives and modes of foreign direct investment (FDI) undertaken by Polish companies in different host countries. The qualitative analysis also considers firm characteristics, prior modes of entry and host-country choices. By using a structured survey, based on an extensive literature review, the authors apply within-case and cross-case approaches to analyse data collected from ten Polish companies. The findings lead to the formulation of seven propositions which may serve as guidelines for future research using larger and more representative samples of Polish outward foreign direct investment.

Motives and modes of FDI in Poland: An exploratory qualitative study*

The present paper is based on a complex analysis of the results from a survey of seven subsidiaries of multinational corporations (MNCs), which entered the Polish market in the early nineties, and focuses on the motives and modes of setting up these subsidiaries. The survey design has been based on an extensive literature review and the collected data are analysed using a within-case and cross-case approach. The findings of this exploratory study lead to the formulation of pertinent hypotheses that may serve as possible guidelines for undertaking and stimulating future research based on larger and more representative samples of MNC subsidiaries.

Internationalization of Polish Firms via Foreign Direct Investment: A Multiple-Case-Study Approach

Outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) of Polish firms on a significant scale is a very recent phenomenon. Although it emerged in the second half of the 1990s, only the 2000s saw its rapid growth with the average annual outflow between 2005 and 2010 amounting to US

Motives and Modes of FDI, Firm Characteristics and Performance

6.5 billion, with a peak of US

Competitiveness of firms from Ziemia Lubuska and Poland's accession to the European Union *

8.9 billion recorded in 2006 (UNCTAD, 2011). As a result of the increase in OFDI, the gap between inward and outward foreign direct investment (FDI) started to diminish, although it still remains relatively large; i.e. FDI outflows represented 48.5 per cent of FDI inflows in 2010. Similar surges of outward FDI were experienced by some other Central and East European (CEE) countries, but Poland remains the biggest exporter of FDI in the region (excluding the Russian Federation).

Globalization of a Transitional Economy

Abstract In this exploratory study, die autfiors attempt to determine and interpret die interdependencies between die motives and modes of setting up subsidiaries by foreign investors in Poland, and the main characteristics and performance of these subsidiaries. Two modes of setting up a subsidiary are examined: green-field and acquisition. The audiors use data collected from seven foreign subsidiaries operating in Poland and apply within-case and cross-case analytical approach to identify and interpret relationships between die variables under consideration. The results of the study lead to a formulation of eight hypotheses requiring further testing and research.

Foreign Direct Investment in New EU Member States from Central and Eastern Europe: An Investment Development Path Perspective

A frequently underestimated but more and more significant aspect of integration is its character and course as regards regions understood as component parts of the integrating countries. For the aims of the present research the area of interest was reduced to the competitive strategy of Polish firms located in Lubuskie Province bordering with Germany. At the beginning the concept of enterprise competitiveness and competitive gap are discussed. Later on the author tries to estimate the competitive gap as regarding to enterprises located in Ziemia Lubuska on the basis of empirical research. The basic result from the studies is the necessity to improve the strategic position of analysed firms. To reach this goal enterprises should focus their actions mainly on the process of complex development of competitive potential. Ein haufig unterschatzter aber zunehmend wichtig werdender Aspekt der EU Integration ist die Rolle der Regionen der integrierenden Lander, also eine meso-okonomische Perspektive. Die Studie konzentriert sich dabei auf die Wettbewerbsstrategie von polnischen Firmen aus der Lubuskie Provinz im Grenzgebiet zu Deutschland. Anfangs werden die Konzepte der Wettbewerbsfahigkeit von Firmen und der Wettbewerbslucke („gap“) diskutiert. Anschliessend versucht der Autor die Wettbewerbslucke bezuglich der Unternehmen in Ziemia Lubuska auf der Basis empirischer Forschung zu ermitteln. Das grundliegende Ergebnis der Studien ist die Notwendigkeit der Verbesserung der strategischen Position der untersuchten Firmen. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, sollten Unternehmen ihre Tatigkeit auf den Prozess der komplexen Entwicklung von Wettbewerbspotential konzentrieren.