Marie Lützen

Identification of Success Factors for Green Shipping with Measurement of Greenness Based on ANP and ISM

Green shipping as an emerging concept which aims to mitigate the negative environmental impacts caused by shipping activities has received more and more attentions recently. However, there is a gap in knowledge how to take the efficacious measures, which makes it difficult for the stakeholders of shipping activities to promote green shipping. In order to fill this gap, this chapter proposed a generic methodology for establishing a criterion evaluation system for greenness assessment of shipping, including the identification of the success factors, the development of some strategic measures, and the analysis of the measures for enhancing the greenness of shipping. A criterion evaluation system which consists of multiple criteria in five aspects including: technological aspect, economic aspect, environmental aspect, social aspect, and managerial aspect has been firstly established. Subsequently, Analytic Network Process (ANP) has been employed to determine the relative importance of these factors in green shipping with the consideration of the interdependences and interactions among these criteria for evaluating the greenness of shipping, and they have been ranked from the most important to the least. Accordingly, the key success factors for green shipping have been obtained. Then, some strategic measures for helping the stakeholders enhance the greenness of shipping have been proposed. Finally, Interpretative Structuring Modeling (ISM) has been employed to analyze the cause-effect relationships among these measures and the features of these measures.

Ship collisions with pile-supported structures-estimates of strength and ductility requirements

Abstract This paper describes an analytical approach for design of pile-supported structures subjected to ship collisions. The main problem being addressed is how deformation of both ship and structure, in a simple way, can be taken into account when determining the collision force. Such an approach will lead to more accurate calculations of the maximum collision force as compared to methods, which assume the impact energy to be absorbed solely by ship deformations. The approach described here requires knowledge about the load-deformation characteristics of the structure and the ship. A major challenge in this context is to establish the so-called load-indentation curves for ships. The paper demonstrates a principle to establish load-indentation curves, which, in a mechanically consistent way, are linked to the Eurocode collision force formula. The obtained load-indentation curves have been used to develop analytical criteria for strength and ductility assessment of pile-supported structures. Calculations based on the outlined approach show that the maximum collision force reduces significantly as compared to calculations, where the deformation capacity of the structure is disregarded. The reduction of the maximum collision force can be transformed into similar reduction of the required number of piles.