Marina Belyakova

The synthesis of reliable solutions of the logistics problems using geographic information systems

The paper proposes a method of constructing solutions based on the experience represented by cartographic images — centers and transformations of situations that do not change their meaning. The method is based on the metatransformation of images. The goal of metatransformation is to construct new situations by known precedents. The usage of metatransformations allows to evaluate the semantic proximity of situations and adapt the earlier decisions in a special way. The factors that determine the reliability of the generated solutions are analyzed.

The Features of Generations of Solutions by Intellectual Information Systems

The paper analyzes the characteristics of the informational support of decision-making by geographic information systems. The problem of the accumulation of experience and the use of decision-making in the previously observed situations is analyzed. The situations are spatiotemporal and they can be described by maps. The main objective of the research is development of the data model that provides the upgrade of reliability of decision-making on the basis of experience. The peculiarity of the model of the experience proposed by the authors is its description by a set of transformations. The concept of the image of the situation which has a center and a neighborhood is introduced. The allowed transformations of situations and solutions are determining in the description of decisions and the conditions of their making. The coordinates in the feature space are not determining. With such an approach traditionally used precedent analysis gets a peculiarity associated with the logic of determining the similarity of situations. The information model of precedents’ image and the problem of actualization of the image in the process of searching for solutions are described in the paper. The example of figurative representation of the experience for the implementation of the logistics project is given in the paper.

Approach to Real-Time Mapping, Using a Fuzzy Information Function

In this article we consider the problem of real-time mapping that is to create a digital map of situations, recognized from the source of information of not a cartographic character. An approach to mapping is offered, it is based on a special imaging procedure that maximizes the information content of the working area of ​​the map. The model of the visualization control is described. The model is based on the intelligent estimation procedures informative. Estimation uses a granular representation of fuzzy function of information content. Cartographic description of the informativeness is considered. Image defects caused by the imperfection of algorithms for automatic mapping are alanyzed. Visual and procedural defects were marked. The model of the map visualization with defects of displaying of uncertain situations is built. The proposed approach will reduce the risk of making wrong decisions due to the incomplete and irrelevant maps of geographic information systems.

Knowledge Discovery for Interactive Dialogue Management with Geoinformation Service.

The problem of adaptation of the geoinformation service to the increasing amount of knowledge and modification of the spatial database structure is analyzed in this article. The necessity to take into account the factors of changes in information basis is considered by a visualization of searching procedure and by analyzing spatial data of the geoinformation service. The paper proposes a method for solving the problem, based on the principle of the evolution of technical systems. In this problem the evolutionary principle considers the continuous rules generation procedure by the geoinformation service containing knowledge of useful cartographic objects for visual analysis. The rules are considered as hypotheses that require collective confirmation from the clients of the service. Confirmation of any rule is a selection of useful knowledge for further implementation. Thus, the proposed mechanism provides a continuous adaptation to a changing information environment through the development and rule selection. The mechanism of generation is analyzed and the structure of rules is determined. The mechanism of collective confirmation of rules is

Models experience presentation for logistics projects implementation based on geoinformation models

This paper is devoted to the study of representation problem and use of experience in planning and implementing logistics projects in the field of e-business using geoinformation models. Geoinformation models can be presented as a description of the site of the territory on which the logistics project is implemented. The description consists of maps, charts and plans, as well as links to non-cartographic sources of information. The role of the quality criterion is considered as the reliability of the generated solutions. The reliability of the project is means the practical possibility of its implementation with minimal losses. Factors determining reliability in this sense are considered. The figurative representation of knowledge about the precedents of logistics projects is analyzed. Mapping of permissible transformations of the components of a logistics project in the form of cartographic objects is a distinctive feature of a figurative representation. Most often they are polygonal objects of location of logistics centers and transportation trajectories. The possibility of transferring an allowable transformation into another space-time domain with observance of topological constraints is considered as a way of preserving the meaning of the project. A method of transforming images into a given region of the territory is described. An example of a completed project with an estimate of reliability is given.

Intellectual visualization of complex maps and schemes

This paper investigates the problem of visual analysis of complex plans, schemes and maps for solving of difficult formalized tasks. It is analyzed the dependence of the level of perception upon the visualization complexity. It is introduced the concept of the utility of the visual image, it is described by the behavior of the empirical utility function. We propose an optimization model of the utility, which is based on picture representation by two components. The first component is a skeleton of workspace. The skeleton includes primitive attributes of map or scheme, which selected from a database corresponding to the users request. The second component is the skeleton environment intended for filling of the skeleton by information details. The environment primitive attributes increase the semantic level of visualization. Selection of the environment primitive attributes is provided by a set of expert rules. The set of rules is divided into classes corresponding to the professional user orientation. It is given the formal statement of the optimization problem of visualization utility. It describes the operation of picture manipulation. Examples are shown of practical applications of visualization for two classes of visual images.

Visualization Management of the Spatial Data Containing Uncertainty

The paper is devoted to the development of a method of visualization management of the spatial data on electronic maps. It is assumed that spatial data are obtained from sources that didn’t allow to define fully and consistently all characteristics of objects or events. There are defects of display in the visual analysis of the maps containing cartographic objects with uncertainty. The method of visualization management is proposed, which allows to control the utility of visual representation of the map with defects. The special presentation of the analysis workspace is introduced, the structure of expert rules is described, allowing to realize the selection of information from the geographic information system database to reduce redundancy and ensure the integrity of the picture. The form of the utility function is defined. The restriction of perception is introduced, which is determined by the complexity of the analysis workspace. The complexity measure is the number of cartographic objects. The algorithm of visualization management is given. Keywords— visualization management, spatial data, uncertainty, electronic maps.

Transformation of Elements of Geoinformation Models in the Synthesis of Solutions

This paper investigates the problem of geoinformation modeling of situations and solutions adopted in the implementation of logistics projects. The task is solved within the framework of the geoinformation model, which displays the experience of implementation of similar projects. The performance criterion of the model is the reliability of the generated decisions. The decision is reliable if it corresponds to the reality displayed by the electronic map. The displaying method previously completed projects into a given space-time area is analyzed. The method is based on the image representation of geoinformation models. The geoinformation model of the logistics project includes a scheme consisting of logistics centers and transportation routes. The procedure of displaying of project image is described that is implemented by an intelligent component with knowledge about displaying. Principles of the reliability evaluation of the results of the transformation are discussed.