Marina Zambon Orpinelli Coluci

Construção de instrumentos de medida na área da saúde

Measurement instruments are an integral part of clinical practice, health evaluation and research. These instruments are only useful and able to present scientifically robust results when they are developed properly and have appropriate psychometric properties. Despite the significant increase of rating scales, the literature suggests that many of them have not been adequately developed and validated. The scope of this study was to conduct a narrative review on the process of developing new measurement instruments and to present some tools which can be used in some stages of the development process. The steps described were: I-The establishment of a conceptual framework, and the definition of the objectives of the instrument and the population involved; II-Development of the items and of the response scales; III-Selection and organization of the items and structuring of the instrument; IV-Content validity, V-Pre-test. This study also included a brief discussion on the evaluation of the psychometric properties due to their importance for the instruments to be accepted and acknowledged in both scientific and clinical environments.Measurement instruments are an integral part of clinical practice, health evaluation and research. These instruments are only useful and able to present scientifically robust results when they are developed properly and have appropriate psychometric properties. Despite the significant increase of rating scales, the literature suggests that many of them have not been adequately developed and validated. The scope of this study was to conduct a narrative review on the process of developing new measurement instruments and to present some tools which can be used in some stages of the development process. The steps described were: I-The establishment of a conceptual framework, and the definition of the objectives of the instrument and the population involved; II-Development of the items and of the response scales; III-Selection and organization of the items and structuring of the instrument; IV-Content validity, V-Pre-test. This study also included a brief discussion on the evaluation of the psychometric properties due to their importance for the instruments to be accepted and acknowledged in both scientific and clinical environments.

Validity and reliability of a job factors questionnaire related to the work tasks of physical therapists.

Abstract Physical therapists engage in work tasks that expose them to occupational risk factors related to musculoskeletal disorders. Due to the gap in the literature on instruments focused on those workers, this study adapted a job factors questionnaire to physical therapists, and assessed its psychometric properties. The questionnaire was adapted and its content validity was established. The psychometric properties were evaluated among 142 physical therapists. Reliability was verified using the temporal-stability design and internal consistency. Construct validity was assessed with the known-groups technique. Test–retest results demonstrated intraclass correlation coefficients between .82 and .90 (p < .001). Cronbach’s α of .91 verified the reliability of the questionnaire. The known-groups technique demonstrated a statistically significant difference on the scores of the items when physical therapists were compared to office workers. The results indicated that the adapted questionnaire had acceptable psychometric properties for assessing problematic job factors among physical therapists working in hospitals.

Adaptação cultural de instrumento que avalia atividades do trabalho e sua relação com sintomas osteomusculares

Objecti ve: To translate the Work-Related Activities Questionnaire into Brazilian Portuguese and to evaluate its cross-cultural adaptation among a sample of Brazilian workers. Methods: International standard recommendations were followed to translate and back-translate the instrument, and to establish the cross-cultural adaptation of the instrument using content experts and pretest. A field testing of the instrument was conducted with 40 Brazilian workers. Results: The procedure used to establish the cross-cultural adaptation of the instrument was found to be adequate. The panels of experts evaluated the initial content validity of the items of the instrument and suggested necessary revisions to achieve an acceptable content validity. In the pretest, 7.5% of individuals suggested changes in one of the items of the instrument. In addition, 17.5% of the individuals reported having difficulty understanding the instructions to complete the instrument. These findings led to further revision of the instrument. Conclusion: The Brazilian version of the instrument was adequately cross-culturally adapted and validated.RESUMO RESUMEN Cross-cultural adaptation of an instrument to measure workrelated activities that may contribute to osteomuscular symptoms* 150 Acta Paul Enferm 2009;22(2):149-54. 151 Acta Paul Enferm 2009;22(2):149-54. 152 Acta Paul Enferm 2009;22(2):149-54. 153 Acta Paul Enferm 2009;22(2):149-54. 154 Acta Paul Enferm 2009;22(2):149-54.

The Pain Disability Questionnaire: a reliability and validity study

The goal of this study was to translate and adapt The Pain Disability Questionnaire (PDQ) to Brazilian Portuguese, as well as to assess its psychometric properties and practicability. The following methodological steps were followed: translation, synthesis, back-translation, expert committee assessment and pre-test. The psychometric properties were assessed through the application of a questionnaire to 119 patients with chronic musculoskeletal disorders. The results indicated the reliability of the instrument, with a Cronbachs alpha coefficient of 0.86, and high stability in the test-retest. A moderate correlation was found between the PDQ scores and the numerical pain scale. Negative correlations were found between the Spitzer Quality of Life Index and the functional condition, psychosocial component and total PDQ score. Construct validity demonstrated significant difference in PDQ scores between symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. The PDQ revealed fast application and easy understanding. The results indicated a successful cultural adaptation and reliable psychometric properties.El objetivo de este estudio fue traducir y adaptar el Cuestionario The Pain Disability Questionnaire (PDQ) para el portugues de Brasil, evaluando sus propiedades psicometricas y la usabilidad. Fueron seguidos los siguientes pasos metodologicos: traduccion, sintesis, retrotraduccion, evaluacion por un comite de expertos y realizacion de una prueba piloto. Las propiedades psicometricas fueron evaluadas por la aplicacion del cuestionario en 119 pacientes con lesiones musculares. Los resultados indican la confiabilidad del instrumento con el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,86, y alta estabilidad en la prueba piloto. Una correlacion moderada se encontro entre las puntuaciones de la PDQ y la escala numerica del dolor. Correlaciones negativas fueron observadas entre el Spitzer Quality of Life Index y la condicion funcional, el componente psicosocial, y la puntuacion total de la PDQ. La validez del constructo demostro una diferencia significativa en las puntuaciones del PDQ entre sujetos sintomaticos y asintomaticos. El PDQ demostro ser rapido y comprensible. Los resultados indicaron una exitosa adaptacion cultural y propiedades psicometricas confiables.

Cross-cultural adaptation of an instrument to measure work-related activities that may contribute to osteomuscular symptoms

Objecti ve: To translate the Work-Related Activities Questionnaire into Brazilian Portuguese and to evaluate its cross-cultural adaptation among a sample of Brazilian workers. Methods: International standard recommendations were followed to translate and back-translate the instrument, and to establish the cross-cultural adaptation of the instrument using content experts and pretest. A field testing of the instrument was conducted with 40 Brazilian workers. Results: The procedure used to establish the cross-cultural adaptation of the instrument was found to be adequate. The panels of experts evaluated the initial content validity of the items of the instrument and suggested necessary revisions to achieve an acceptable content validity. In the pretest, 7.5% of individuals suggested changes in one of the items of the instrument. In addition, 17.5% of the individuals reported having difficulty understanding the instructions to complete the instrument. These findings led to further revision of the instrument. Conclusion: The Brazilian version of the instrument was adequately cross-culturally adapted and validated.RESUMO RESUMEN Cross-cultural adaptation of an instrument to measure workrelated activities that may contribute to osteomuscular symptoms* 150 Acta Paul Enferm 2009;22(2):149-54. 151 Acta Paul Enferm 2009;22(2):149-54. 152 Acta Paul Enferm 2009;22(2):149-54. 153 Acta Paul Enferm 2009;22(2):149-54. 154 Acta Paul Enferm 2009;22(2):149-54.

The Pain Disability Questionnaire: um estudo de confiabilidade e validade

The goal of this study was to translate and adapt The Pain Disability Questionnaire (PDQ) to Brazilian Portuguese, as well as to assess its psychometric properties and practicability. The following methodological steps were followed: translation, synthesis, back-translation, expert committee assessment and pre-test. The psychometric properties were assessed through the application of a questionnaire to 119 patients with chronic musculoskeletal disorders. The results indicated the reliability of the instrument, with a Cronbachs alpha coefficient of 0.86, and high stability in the test-retest. A moderate correlation was found between the PDQ scores and the numerical pain scale. Negative correlations were found between the Spitzer Quality of Life Index and the functional condition, psychosocial component and total PDQ score. Construct validity demonstrated significant difference in PDQ scores between symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. The PDQ revealed fast application and easy understanding. The results indicated a successful cultural adaptation and reliable psychometric properties.El objetivo de este estudio fue traducir y adaptar el Cuestionario The Pain Disability Questionnaire (PDQ) para el portugues de Brasil, evaluando sus propiedades psicometricas y la usabilidad. Fueron seguidos los siguientes pasos metodologicos: traduccion, sintesis, retrotraduccion, evaluacion por un comite de expertos y realizacion de una prueba piloto. Las propiedades psicometricas fueron evaluadas por la aplicacion del cuestionario en 119 pacientes con lesiones musculares. Los resultados indican la confiabilidad del instrumento con el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,86, y alta estabilidad en la prueba piloto. Una correlacion moderada se encontro entre las puntuaciones de la PDQ y la escala numerica del dolor. Correlaciones negativas fueron observadas entre el Spitzer Quality of Life Index y la condicion funcional, el componente psicosocial, y la puntuacion total de la PDQ. La validez del constructo demostro una diferencia significativa en las puntuaciones del PDQ entre sujetos sintomaticos y asintomaticos. El PDQ demostro ser rapido y comprensible. Los resultados indicaron una exitosa adaptacion cultural y propiedades psicometricas confiables.

The Pain Disability Questionnaire: estudio de confiabilidad y validación

The goal of this study was to translate and adapt The Pain Disability Questionnaire (PDQ) to Brazilian Portuguese, as well as to assess its psychometric properties and practicability. The following methodological steps were followed: translation, synthesis, back-translation, expert committee assessment and pre-test. The psychometric properties were assessed through the application of a questionnaire to 119 patients with chronic musculoskeletal disorders. The results indicated the reliability of the instrument, with a Cronbachs alpha coefficient of 0.86, and high stability in the test-retest. A moderate correlation was found between the PDQ scores and the numerical pain scale. Negative correlations were found between the Spitzer Quality of Life Index and the functional condition, psychosocial component and total PDQ score. Construct validity demonstrated significant difference in PDQ scores between symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. The PDQ revealed fast application and easy understanding. The results indicated a successful cultural adaptation and reliable psychometric properties.El objetivo de este estudio fue traducir y adaptar el Cuestionario The Pain Disability Questionnaire (PDQ) para el portugues de Brasil, evaluando sus propiedades psicometricas y la usabilidad. Fueron seguidos los siguientes pasos metodologicos: traduccion, sintesis, retrotraduccion, evaluacion por un comite de expertos y realizacion de una prueba piloto. Las propiedades psicometricas fueron evaluadas por la aplicacion del cuestionario en 119 pacientes con lesiones musculares. Los resultados indican la confiabilidad del instrumento con el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,86, y alta estabilidad en la prueba piloto. Una correlacion moderada se encontro entre las puntuaciones de la PDQ y la escala numerica del dolor. Correlaciones negativas fueron observadas entre el Spitzer Quality of Life Index y la condicion funcional, el componente psicosocial, y la puntuacion total de la PDQ. La validez del constructo demostro una diferencia significativa en las puntuaciones del PDQ entre sujetos sintomaticos y asintomaticos. El PDQ demostro ser rapido y comprensible. Los resultados indicaron una exitosa adaptacion cultural y propiedades psicometricas confiables.

Adaptación cultural de un instrumento que evalúa actividades del trabajo y su relación con síntomas osteomusculares

Objecti ve: To translate the Work-Related Activities Questionnaire into Brazilian Portuguese and to evaluate its cross-cultural adaptation among a sample of Brazilian workers. Methods: International standard recommendations were followed to translate and back-translate the instrument, and to establish the cross-cultural adaptation of the instrument using content experts and pretest. A field testing of the instrument was conducted with 40 Brazilian workers. Results: The procedure used to establish the cross-cultural adaptation of the instrument was found to be adequate. The panels of experts evaluated the initial content validity of the items of the instrument and suggested necessary revisions to achieve an acceptable content validity. In the pretest, 7.5% of individuals suggested changes in one of the items of the instrument. In addition, 17.5% of the individuals reported having difficulty understanding the instructions to complete the instrument. These findings led to further revision of the instrument. Conclusion: The Brazilian version of the instrument was adequately cross-culturally adapted and validated.RESUMO RESUMEN Cross-cultural adaptation of an instrument to measure workrelated activities that may contribute to osteomuscular symptoms* 150 Acta Paul Enferm 2009;22(2):149-54. 151 Acta Paul Enferm 2009;22(2):149-54. 152 Acta Paul Enferm 2009;22(2):149-54. 153 Acta Paul Enferm 2009;22(2):149-54. 154 Acta Paul Enferm 2009;22(2):149-54.