Mario Borillo

From event calculus to the scheduling problem. Semantics of action and temporal reasoning in aircraft maintenance

In this work we are interested in the logical and semantical aspects of reasoning about actions in a scheduling process. We present an adaptation of the event calculus of Kowalski and Sergot to the problem of determining the temporal structure of the operations that must be performed during the realization of some complex objectives. Our application domain is aircraft maintenance. We try to reason about the actions which are performed during an overhaul in order to help to schedule them. The original model reasons about changes, i.e. events which initiate or terminate propositions. The first step of this work was to improve the initial model by adding a temporal relation between events and propositions because in our field we also have to reason about events which only inform us about some propositions without affecting them. The second step of this work is to build a set of specific rules which temporally “interpret” the semantics of the usual specifications of the actions to be considered. This interpretation aims to associate each action with two events and some temporal relations which are usable by the general model. Temporal reasoning uses pertinent knowledge about the specific universe (here, the aircraft that we consider and the actions which may be performed on it). We outline a generative methodology to formalize this relevant knowledge efficiently. This cognitive approach brings more informational economy in temporal reasoning because only the relevant information is considered The temporal reasoning model and the methodology have been exemplified and tested on a complex part of an aircraft. In the future, adapted tools based on this approach will be developed, in order to solve several problems of aircraft maintenance scheduling.

A cognitive temporal model for the planning in aircraft maintenance

Planning the tasks to be carried out during a transport aircraft overhaul is a crucial and difficult problem because the more costly activities are generally not programmed ones. The temporal reasoning model of Kowalski and Sergot, based on events calculus, proposes a definition and a treatment of temporal information which seems adequately to describe planning problems in the field of aircraft maintenance. Nevertheless, rules which are specific to the problem under consideration are necessary if we wish to apply the theoretical model deductions to information formulated in terms similar to those used by planners. This approach seems to be interesting for several reasons: the model can deduce results on the basis of incomplete data; the proposed definition is very close to the one that planners usually use; data update is easy.