Maristela Gomes de Almeida

Quality of life in the late follow-up of ulcerative colitis patients submitted to restorative proctocolectomy with sphincter preservation over ten years ago

OBJECTIVE To evaluate, by means of the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ), the quality of life of ulcerative colitis patients submitted to proctocolectomy with sphincter preservation using J-pouch reconstruction over ten years ago. METHODS The study consisted of 36 patients interviewed using the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire. The score scale, resulting from the addition of each answer, ranged from 32 to 224, where the highest score indicates the best quality of life. The chi square test was used to verify the existence of meaningful differences between the results of the questionnaire and age, and gender proportion. For each section, as well as for all of them combined, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to verify if there were differences in the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire scores among the groups in relation to the proportions. RESULTS After applying the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire, it was determined that quality of life was considered excellent for 9 (25%), good for 11 (30.6%), regular for 13 (36.1%), and bad for 3 (8.3%) patients. In our study, we determined that 85% of the patients were pleased with and thankful for the surgery that they underwent. CONCLUSION We can conclude that the possibility of sphincter preservation should always be taken into account, since patients remain clinically stable and have a high quality of life even after long periods.

Pouchitis: extracolonic manifestation of ulcerative colitis?

Pouchitis is the most frequent complication of ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for treatment of ulcerative colitis. There are several possible explanations. Among them, we focus on the one that considers pouchitis as an extracolonic manifestation of ulcerative colitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between pouchitis and extra-intestinal manifestations (EIM), which are frequent in these patients. Sixty patients underwent restorative proctocolectomy with an ileal J pouch (IPAA) from September 1984 to December 1998. Pouchitis was defined by clinical, endoscopic, and histologic criteria. The following extra-intestinal manifestations were studied: articular, cutaneous, hepatobiliary, ocular, genitourinary, and growth failure. Thirteen patients, of which 10 were female (76.9%), developed one or more episodes of pouchitis. Twelve patients of this group (92.3%) presented some kind of extra-intestinal manifestation, 4 pre-operatively (exclusively), 2 post-operatively (exclusively), and 6 both pre- and post-operatively (1.7 per patient). Twenty patients (42.7%) of the 47 without pouchitis did not present extra-intestinal manifestations; 10/35 (28. 5%) of females had pouchitis, compared to 3/35 (12.0%) of men. Pouchitis was more frequent among females, though not statistically significant. EIM increases the risk of pouchitis. Pouchitis is related to EIM in 92.3 % of cases, corroborating the hypothesis that it could be an extracolonic manifestation of ulcerative colitis.

Short- and long-term outcomes of ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis

UNLABELLED Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis was an important advancement in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. The aim of this study was to determine whether early complications of ileal pouch-anal anastomosis in patients with ulcerative colitis are associated with poor late functional results. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eighty patients were operated on from 1986 to 2000, 62 patients with ileostomy and 18 without. The early and late complications were recorded. Specific emphasis has been placed on the incidence of pouchitis with prolonged follow-up. RESULTS The ileostomy was closed an average of 9.2 months after the first operation. Fourteen patients were excluded from the long-term evaluation; 6 patients were lost to regular follow-up, 4 died, and 4 patients still have the ileostomy. Of the 4 patients that died, 1 died from surgical complications. Early complications after operation (41) occurred in 34 patients (42.5%). Late complications (29) occurred in 25 patients as follows: 16 had pouchitis, 3 associated with stenosis and 1 with sexual dysfunction; 5 had stenosis; and there was 1 case each of incisional hernia, ileoanal fistula, hepatic cancer, and endometriosis. Pouchitis occurred in 6 patients (9.8%) 1 year after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis, 9 (14.8%) after 3 years, 13 (21.3%) after 5 years, and 16 (26.2%) after more than 6 years. The mean daily stool frequency was 12 before and 5.8 after operation. One pouch was removed because of fistulas that appeared 2 years later. CONCLUSIONS Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis is associated with a considerable number of early complications. There was no correlation between pouchitis and severe disease, operation with or without ileostomy, or early postoperative complications. The incidence of pouchitis was directly proportional to duration of time of follow-up.

Intestinal Mucosa-Associated Microflora in Ulcerative Colitis Patients Before and After Restorative Proctocolectomy with an Ileoanal Pouch

PurposeThis study was designed to identify the mucosa-associated microflora in patients with severe ulcerative colitis before and after restorative proctocolectomy with ileoanal pouch construction in comparison with historic controls.MethodsTen patients with a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis were evaluated. Mucus was collected during colonoscopy from all segments of the colon and terminal ileum before surgery, and from the ileal pouch two and eight months after ileostomy closure. The prevalence and mean concentration of the mucosa-associated microflora were compared over time and with historic controls.ResultsVeillonella sp was the most prevalent bacterium in patients and controls. Klebsiella sp was significantly more prevalent in the ileum of controls, was not found in patients with ulcerative colitis, and after proctocolectomy returned to values found in controls. Some bacteria such as Enterobacter sp, Staphylococcus sp (coag-), Bacteroides sp (npg), Lactobacillus sp, and Veillonella sp had higher mean concentrations in the ileal pouch of patients after surgery than in controls.ConclusionNo bacterium was identified that could be exclusively responsible for the maintenance of the inflammatory process. The mucosa-associated microflora of patients with ulcerative colitis underwent significant changes after proctocolectomy with ileal pouch construction and returned to almost normal values for some bacteria.

INTESTINAL AND EXTRAINTESTINAL NEOPLASIA IN PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

CONTEXT The development of neoplasia is an important concern associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), especially colorectal cancer (CRC). OBJECTIVES Our aim was to determine the incidence of intestinal and extraintestinal neoplasias among patients with inflammatory bowel disease. METHODS There were retrieved information from 1607 patients regarding demographics, disease duration and extent, temporal relationship between IBD diagnosis and neoplasia, clinical outcomes and risk factors for neoplasia. RESULTS Crohns disease (CD) was more frequent among women (P=0.0018). The incidence of neoplasia was higher in ulcerative colitis (UC) when compared to CD (P=0.0003). Eight (0.99%) patients developed neoplasia among 804 with CD: 4 colorectal cancer, 2 lymphomas, 1 appendix carcinoid and 1 breast cancer. Thirty (3.7%) patients developed neoplasia among the 803 UC: 13 CRC, 2 lymphomas and 15 extraintestinal tumors. While CRC incidence was not different among UC and CD (1.7% vs 0.5%; P=0.2953), the incidence of extraintestinal neoplasias was higher among UC (2.1% vs 0.5%, P=0.0009). Ten (26.3%) patients out of 38 with neoplasia died. CONCLUSIONS CRC incidence was low and similar in both diseases. There was a higher incidence of extraintestinal neoplasia in UC when compared to CD. Neoplasias in IBD developed at a younger age than expected for the general population. Mortality associated with malignancy is significant, affecting 1/4 of the patients with neoplasia.

Achados de retossigmoidoscopias no rastreamento de câncer colorretal em pacientes assintomáticos acima de 50 anos

OBJETIVO: Analisar os achados do exame de retossigmoidoscopia no rastreamento de câncer colorretal em pacientes assintomaticos acima de 50 anos. METODOS: Analise prospectiva de 208 pacientes assintomaticos acima de 50 anos e sem historia familiar para câncer colorretal, que realizaram retossigmoidoscopia para rastreamento desta neoplasia durante o periodo de Janeiro de 2005 a Maio de 2006. Dos pacientes analisados, 64,5% eram mulheres e a media de idade era de 60,24 anos (50-91 anos). RESULTADOS: Observamos que 4,8% dos pacientes (n=10) apresentaram polipos que variavam de 3 a 20mm de tamanho. Todos os polipos foram retirados e enviados para estudo anatomopatologico. Destes, 3,36% (n=7) foram hiperplasicos e 1,50% (n=3) eram adenomas, sendo dois adenoma tubular com atipias leves e um adenoma com atipias moderadas. Dos dez doentes que tinham polipos ao exame, nove foram submetidos a videocolonoscopia e um abandonou o acompanhamento. Destes nove, sete pacientes apresentaram ausencia de polipos ao exame colonoscopico, e um apresentou dois polipos adenomatosos em colon direito. CONCLUSOES: A retossigmoidoscopia e um exame acessivel na maioria dos servicos que permite identificar polipos potencialmente neoplasicos em pacientes assintomaticos.

Hemorroidectomia convencional versus hemorroidopexia mecânica (PPH): estudo retrospectivo de 253 casos

The aim of this study was to review the experience of the Coloproctology Department of HSPM-SP in the treatment of hemorrhoids. We have retrospectively studied 253 patients submitted to the surgical treatment of hemorrhoids between 05/10/ 2004 and 12/31/2007. Patients were distributed in groups: Group 1) Conventional Hemorrhoidectomy (212); Group 2) Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy (41). Epidemiology, indications, results and complications were studied based on registers. From 253 patients studied, 170 were women, with a mean age of 50 years. Mean operating time was 52 minutes (25 -120) in group 1 and 31 minutes (20 - 65) in group 2 (p=0.0001). Mean time for ambulatory discharge was 10 and 6 weeks for groups 1 and 2 respectively (p=0.021). The overall complications totalized 28 cases in group 1 and 3 cases in group 2 (p>0,05). In consequence of these complications, 13 cases in group 1, and 1 case in group 2 were submitted to a new surgical procedure. At this Department the most used technique was conventional hemorrhoidectomy. Stapled hemorrhoidopexy was associated with less operating time and a faster functional recovery (early ambulatory discharge). Hemorrhoidectomy was associated with more complications and recurrence, but without statistical significance.

Manifestações extra-intestinais em doença de Crohn e retocolite ulcerativa: prevalência e correlação com o diagnóstico, extensão, atividade, tempo de evolução da doença

INTRODUCTION: There is great prevalence of extra-intestinal manifestations (EIM) in Crohns disease(CD) and ulcerative rectocolitis (UR), varying from 24 to 65%. AIM: To determine the prevalence of EIM in UR and CD, establishing a correlation with the diagnosis of the kind of intestinal inflammatory disease, extension, evolution time and disease activity. METHODS: One thousand patients were evaluated at the Hospital das Clinicas da FMUSP, along the 1984 to 2004 period. Articular, dermatological, ophthalmologic, urologic, hepatic, pulmonary and vascular manifestations were studied. RESULTS: 468 patients were studied with CD (46.8%) were studied and 532 with UR (53.2%). 627 patients found (59.2% with UR and 66.7% with CD) with at least one form of EIM. The average disease time of the EIM patients was of 10 years. EIM were more frequent after the beginning of the intestinal symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Both in UR as in CD, the greater the extension of the disease in the colon, the greater is the EIM incidence. Urologic manifestations were more frequent in CD. Articular and dermatological manifestations were more prevalent in the feminine sex in both groups. Hepatic manifestations were more prevalent in CD. Articular, dermatological and vascular manifestations were related with the activity of the intestinal disease in both groups.