Marius Winter

Using Jatropha Oil Based Metalworking Fluids in Machining Processes: A Functional and Ecological Life Cycle Evaluation

Metalworking fluids (MWFs) are used to ensure requirements in terms of component quality and process stability in metal machining. A large proportion of MWFs are based on the non-renewable resource mineral oil. An alternative to mineral oil are MWFs based on renewable resources. A possible substitute in this context is the oil of the jatropha curcas seeds. The jatropha oil shows a suitable fatty acid pattern and is inedible for humans and animals. It can be grown under marginal conditions which can avoid the direct competition for food and animal feed production. This paper describes and performs a functional and an ecological evaluation of a jatropha oil based MWF life cycle.

Sustainability in Production Engineering – Holistic Thinking in Education –

Considering the environmental as well as the social impact of manufacturing systems besides economic criteria has become a major topic in research and industrial application in the last years. Production processes demand diverse materials and energy for value creation. Considering the increasing economic and environmental relevance of energy and resource consumption, strategies to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of their usage in manufacturing environments need to be fostered in alignment with the premises of a sustainable development. However, focusing only on research and industrial application is a rather shortterm thinking process. While striving towards more sustainability in manufacturing, the integration of this issue into the education of engineering students is a key element on a long-term perspective. Against this background, the paper presents an educational structure and concept of the new TU Braunschweig course Sustainability in Production Engineering.

Grinding, Modelling and Eco-efficiency

This chapter presents the theoretical foundations of this work. Firstly, the basics of the grinding process and the elements of the grinding system are illustrated. Secondly, modelling approaches and indicators are described. Lastly, the origin, definitions and approaches on how to achieve eco-efficiency are presented. The chapter ends with a preliminary conclusion.

Concept Evaluation and Outlook

This chapter evaluates the proposed concept and presents an outlook on subsequent research extending the scope of this investigation.

State of Research

The state of research is reviewed in this chapter. The review comprises current research approaches in describing, modelling, evaluating and improving the economic, environmental and technological impact of machining processes. These approaches are comprehensively evaluated with the aim of providing a comparative overview. The chapter highlights the need for further research on how to describe, mode, evaluate and to improve eco-efficiency.

Handlungsfeld mechanische Bearbeitung

Produktionsmaschinen benotigen zur Erfullung wertschopfender Tatigkeiten neben Rohmaterialien auch Energie und Hilfsstoffe. Ausgangsgrosen des Produktionsprozesses sind neben dem eigentlichen Produkt auch Abluft/Abwarme oder Abfalle bzw. Nebenprodukte (z.B. Spane). Ausgehend von einer ganzheitlichen Fabrikperspektive ist fur die Steigerung der Energie- und Ressourceneffizienz eine Berucksichtigung aller relevanten Energie- und Stoffflusse der verwendeten Betriebsmittel notwendig. Die Analyse der Energie- und Stoffflusse ermoglicht das Aufzeigen von Handlungsfeldern und die Ableitung und Bewertung von Verbesserungsmasnahmen. Im Handlungsfeld der mechanischen Bearbeitung sind neben der Entwicklung von innovativen, neuen Hilfs- und Betriebsstoffen insbesondere auch Methoden fur die allgemeine Berucksichtigung der Energie- und Ressourceneffizienz beim Planen und Betreiben von Maschinen und fur die generelle Bewertung der Oko-Effizienz von Fertigungsprozessen zu entwickeln.