Mark Abrahamson

Occupational Sex Segregation in Metropolitan Areas

This paper examines sexual segregation in 42 occupational categories in the metropolitan areas of the United States as of 1980. The results indicate that variations in metropolitan area segregation are strongly related to local distributions of occupations (which we view as structural propensities to segregate). Net of structural propensities and of considerable explanatory importance, however, are a number of indicators of population size, economic vitality, and womens competitiveness. The paper concludes by viewing organizations within metropolitan area environments, and urges that variables pertaining to metropolitan areas and to organizations be combined into a single model.

Tolerance, Urbanism and Region

This paper offers two sets of analogous hypotheses concerning the effects of city size and region upon peoples tolerance. Data are examined from national surveys focusing upon diverse indicators of tolerance, conducted between 1947 and 1982. The results suggest that the effects of city size-net of compositional variables-have declined. By contrast, the effects that can be uniquely attributed to region do not appear to have declined, and they almost always exceed the (unique) effects of city size.

Cosmopolitanism, Dependence-Identification, and Geographical Mobility

This study, focusing on academic scientists, indicates that geographical mobility is associated with both cosmopolitanism and family dependence-identification. The greatest variation in mobility, however, is explained when cosmopolitan orientations are supported by a corresponding low dependence-identification. This result is interpreted as indicating that attitudes are most apt to be translated into overt behavior when they are supported by underlying personality needs. Mark A brahamson is assistant professor of sociology at Illinois Institute of Technology.

Correlates of Political Complexity

Morland, J. K. 1958 Educational and occupational aspirations of mill and town school children in a Southern community. Social Forces 59 (December): 169-175. Reiss, Jr., Albert J. 1963 Status deprivation and delinquent behavior. The Sociological Quarterly 4 (Spring): 135-150. Reissman, L. 1959 Class in American Society. Glencoe, Ill: The Free Press. Roach, J. L. and D. K. Gursslin. 1965 The lower class status frustration and social disorganization. Social Forces 43 (May):501-510. Rodman, Hyman. 1963 The lower class value stretch. Social Forces 42 (December):205-215. 1966 Illegitimacy in the Caribbean social structure: A reconsideration. American Sociological Review 31 (October):673-683. Rosenberg, Morris. 1962 Test factor standardization as a method of interpretation. Social Forces 41 (October) :53-61. Seanger, G. and N. S. Gordon. 1950 The influence of discrimination on minority group members in its relation to attempts to combat discrimination. The Journal of Social Psychology 31:95-120. Shils, Edward A. 1963 The theory of mass society. Pp. 30-47 in P. Olson (ed.), America as a Mass Society. New York: The Free Press. Short, Jr., J. F. 1964 Gang delinquency and anomie. Pp. 98127 in Marshall B. Clinard (ed.), Anomie and Deviant Behavior. London: Collier Macmillan Limited. Spergel, Irving. 1964 Tacketville, Slumtown, Haulberg. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. Stephenson, R. N. 1957 Mobility orientation and stratification of 1,000 ninth graders. American Sociological Review 22 (April): 204-212. Turner, Ralph H. 1964 The Social Context of Ambition: A Study of High School Seniors in Los Angeles. San Francisco: Chandler Publishing Co. Wilson, A. B. 1959 Residential segregation of social classes and aspirations of high school boys. American Sociological Review 24 (December): 836-845. Wilson, T. P. 1969 A proportional-reduction-in-error interpretation for Kendalls tau-b. Social Forces 47 (March):340-342. Zetterberg, Hans L. 1966 On motivation. Pp. 124-141 in Joseph Berger, et al., (ed.), Sociological Theories in Progress. New York: Houghton Mifflin Co.

From Preserving the Past to Preserving the Future: The Data-PASS Project and the Challenges of Preserving Digital Social Science Data

Social science data are an unusual part of the past, present, and future of digital preservation. They are both an unqualified success, due to long-lived and sustainable archival organizations, and in need of further development because not all digital content is being preserved. This article is about the Data Preservation Alliance for the Social Sciences (Data-PASS), a project supported by the National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program (NDIIPP), which is a partnership of five major U.S. social science data archives. Broadly speaking, Data-PASS has the goal of ensuring that at-risk social science data are identified, acquired, and preserved, and that we have a future-oriented organization that could collaborate on those preservation tasks for the future. Throughout the life of the Data-PASS project we have worked to identify digital materials that have never been systematically archived, and to appraise and acquire them. As the project has progressed, however, it has increasingly turned its attention from identifying and acquiring legacy and at-risk social science data to identifying ongoing and future research projects that will produce data. This article is about the projects history, with an emphasis of the issues that underlay the transition from looking backward to looking forward.

Sudden Wealth, Gratification and Attainment: Durkheim's Anomie of Affluence Reconsidered

This paper discusses the effects of sudden increases in wealth, a relatively neglected aspect of Durkheims theory of anomie. The effects are examined in a representative sample of persons who won between

The Integration of Industrial Scientists

500 and

Talent Complementarity and Organizational Stratification.

100,000 in state lotteries. Following an incubation period of over one year, it is found that the magnitude of winnings are positively related to gratification permissiveness and inversely related to future aspirations. However, both of these immediate effects tend to be anomia-reducing, a finding which seems contrary to Durkheims affluence thesis. The findings are interpreted in relation to changes in normative structures, and it is proposed that such changes alter the meaning of anomia as a personal-level indicator of a state of anomie in society.

Functionalism and the Functional Theory of Stratification: An Empirical Assessment

This paper reports a study of the socialization of scientists in five industrial laboratories which vary greatly in size and function. The results indicate that the more thorough the academic socialization of the scientist, the more difficult the industrial adjustment. The most difficult adjustments appear to come from unfulfilled demands for autonomy. As industrial resocialization proceeds, the discrepancy between the amount of autonomy desired and the amount received tends to diminish, producing higher integration into the laboratory. The discrepancy diminishes as demands by scientists for autonomy decrease and laboratory management more willingly grants autonomy. Mark Abrahamson is assistant professor of sociology, Department of Political-Social Science, Illinois Institute of Technology.

Case Studies of Surges in Nonmarital Births

Stratification within organizations as produced by the distribution of functional importance among positions is investigated. Following A. L. Stinchcombes hypothesis from the functional theory of stratification, the rewards given to various positions are expected to be less equal when talent is complementary rather than additive. Data on salary differences between ranks in research and in teachingoriented universities supports the hypothesis. Actual differences are found to correspond more closely with the functional theory than with an alternative market competition theory. ,