Mark Barrow

A systematic review of resident-as-teacher programmes

Context  Residents in all disciplines serve as clinical teachers for medical students. Since the 1970s, there has been increasing evidence to demonstrate that residents wish to teach and that they respond positively to formal teacher training. Effective resident‐as‐teacher (RaT) programmes have resulted in improved resident teaching skills. Current evidence, however, is not clear about the specific features of an effective RaT programme.

Interprofessional collaboration among junior doctors and nurses in the hospital setting

Medical Education 2011: 45: 478–487

Why history? Why now? Multiple accounts of the emergence of academic development

More than 40 years after its beginnings, academic development stands uncertainly on the threshold of becoming a profession or discipline in its own right. While it remains marginal to the dominant stories of the university, it has become central to the institutions contemporary business. This Research Note describes an enquiry that uses a multiple histories approach to explore the emergence of academic development in three national sites. Our intention is to provoke a more critical engagement with academic developments current forms and future possibilities.

The policy and the practice: early-career doctors and nurses as leaders and followers in the delivery of health care.

There are increasing calls, from a range of stakeholders in the health sector, for healthcare professionals to work more collaboratively to provide health care. In response, education institutions are adopting an interprofessional education agenda in an attempt to provide health professionals ready to meet such calls. This article considers the nature of and interaction between professional and personal identity, power relations and leadership and followership in relation to the work practices of junior doctors and novice nurses and suggests ways in which understandings from these considerations might influence the educational preparation of students for these professions.

Collaborating in healthcare delivery: exploring conceptual differences at the “bedside”

Abstract Calls for greater collaboration amongst health professionals and for programmes to support this are not new, nor are they likely to diminish. While various interventions have been adopted to improve collaboration, the literature suggests that these have neither been well-informed with a strong conceptual base nor have they accounted for the context in which the health professionals work. In this study, interviews of senior doctors and nurses in two hospital-based services explored experiences of interprofessional collaboration and the processes involved. A framework based on activity theory was used to analyse the data. The data suggest a dichotomy between nurses as collectivist, protocol and systems-driven and doctors as individualist and autonomy-driven, although this played out differently in each service. Unless such complexities and contextual factors are addressed in the preparation for collaboration it will continue to fall short.

What helps and hinders indigenous student success in higher education health programmes: a qualitative study using the Critical Incident Technique

Tertiary institutions aim to provide high quality teaching and learning that meet the academic needs for an increasingly diverse student body including indigenous students. Tātou Tātou is a qualitative research project utilising Kaupapa Ma¯ori research methodology and the Critical Incident Technique interview method to investigate the teaching and learning practices that help or hinder Ma¯ori student success in non-lecture settings within undergraduate health programmes at the University of Auckland. Forty-one interviews were completed from medicine, health sciences, nursing and pharmacy. A total of 1346 critical incidents were identified with 67% helping and 33% hindering Ma¯ori student success. Thirteen sub-themes were grouped into three overarching themes representing potential areas of focus for tertiary institutional undergraduate health programme development: Māori student support services, undergraduate programme, and Ma¯ori student whanaungatanga. Academic success for indigenous students requires multi-faceted, inclusive, culturally responsive and engaging teaching and learning approaches delivered by educators and student support staff.

Becoming a Different Doctor

This work arose from some early conversations around a related PhD thesis and a sharing of some concurrent interest in Meyer and Land’s theoretical framework of threshold concepts (Meyer & Land, 2006; Meyer & Land, 2005). We talked widely about clinical communication skills, the processes of change in learning, and the clinical setting of palliative care where Anne worked. In many ways this was the perfect storm of serendipity, a clearly transformative learning setting and a desire to explore Threshold Concepts in a practice context.

Fashioning docile teacher bodies? The strange space of the ‘staff teaching seminar'

For 40 years, the ‘staff teaching seminar’ has aimed to prepare academics to meet the complex demands of university teaching. In Aotearoa/New Zealand (NZ), as elsewhere, the seminar emerged in the late 1960s–early 1970s, and preceded centrally funded academic development (AD) centres. Targeting new academics, the programme typically focused on core activities of university teaching and blended presentations by experienced academics from various disciplines with group activities and plenary discussions. Several decades on, this pedagogical space is plainly recognisable as a core site of AD in NZ today. In order to problematise AD’s ambitions for this site and others like it, this essay refracts past and present versions through the prism of heterotopia. In so doing, we sound a warning about AD’s implication in the inexorable rise of governmentality in our institutions. We also, though, recognise the ways in which the staff teaching seminar eludes such forces.

Developing medical leadership: a comparative review of approaches in the UK and New Zealand

Doctors are seen as key to embedding health improvement and patient safety initiatives and there has been much international debate over how best to engage doctors in healthcare leadership and management. This paper explores the current focus on leadership development programmes for doctors through taking a comparative approach to initiatives in New Zealand and the UK. It also considers the challenges to embedding leadership development programmes at all levels of training, education and continuing professional development and highlights some of the implications arising from the two approaches.

Capturing the Integration of Practice-Based Learning with Beliefs, Values, and Attitudes using Modified Concept Mapping

Practice-based learning integrates the cognitive, psychomotor, and affective domains and is influenced by students’ beliefs, values, and attitudes. Concept mapping has been shown to effectively demonstrate students’ changing concepts and knowledge structures. This article discusses how concept mapping was modified to capture students’ perceptions of the connections between the domains of thinking and knowing, emotions, behavior, attitudes, values, and beliefs and the specific experiences related to these, over a period of eight months of practice-based clinical learning. The findings demonstrate that while some limitations exist, modified concept mapping is a manageable way to gather rich data about students’ perceptions of their clinical practice experiences. These findings also highlight the strong integrating influence of beliefs and values on other areas of practice, suggesting that these need to be attended to as part of a students educational program.