Marko Kääramees

Requirements-driven model-based testing of the IP multimedia subsystem

IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is an architectural framework for delivering Internet protocol multimedia to mobile users. The functionality of the system is specified and standardised to allow interoperability between equipment from different vendors. We study how to build the system models for model-based testing of an IMS configuration in a way which provides easy means of linking a requirement, i.e. some paragraph in the specification to a specific part of the model. In addition, it allows to find out which requirements listed in the specification are violated in case of an error. Requirements-based approach in testing is extensively used in the industry in manual and script-based testing. The same should be possible for model-based testing. The current case study describes how to model a fragment of the IMS protocols from the point of view of the requirements and provides solutions using either a network of Uppaal automata or NModel model programs.

Synthesis of on-line planning tester for non-deterministic EFSM models

We describe a method and algorithm for model-based construction of an on-line reactive planning tester (RPT) for black-box testing of state based systems specified by non-deterministic extended finite state machine (EFSM) models. The key idea of RPT lies in off-line pre-processing of the System Under Test (SUT) model to prepare the data for efficient on-line reactive test planning. A test purpose is attributed to the transitions of the SUT model by a set of Boolean conditions called traps. The result of the off-line analysis is a set of constraints used in online testing for guiding the SUT towards taking the moves represented by trap-labelled transitions in SUT model and generating required data for inputs. We demonstrate the results on a simple example and discuss the practical experiences of using the proposed method.

A rule-based approach to Web-based application development

Common design patterns in application development mix implementation of business logic with application logic, user interface logic, or with data access logic. This leads to results that business logic is not well maintainable and reusable, the application code should be reimplemented each time the business logic has changed or the same business logic should be reimplemented for each application. This paper presents a new rule-based approach to Web-based IS development making possible separating the business logic from interface or application logic when creating complex Web-based software applications. The technology consists of 2 main parts: the application server Xstone for creating 3-layered systems and the RqlGandalf rule solver. The middleware server Xstone connects to Oracle, PostgreSQL databases and the Rql rule system. The Rql rule system is targeted for defining and using business logic rules. The Rql rule system is able to read data from a SQL database: it can call the application server and import/convert SQL-given data into its own knowledge base. The presented rule-based system development technology is implemented for the Linux platform as open source software

Constraint-Based Heuristic On-line Test Generation from Non-deterministic I/O EFSMs

We are investigating on-line model-based test generation from non-deterministic output-observable Input/Output Extended Finite State Machine (I/O EFSM) models of Systems Under Test (SUTs). We propose a novel constraint-based heuristic approach (Heuristic Reactive Planning Tester (xRPT)) for on-line conformance testing non-deterministic SUTs. An indicative feature of xRPT is the capability of making reasonable decisions for achieving the test goals in the on-line testing process by using the results of off-line bounded static reachability analysis based on the SUT model and test goal specification. We present xRPT in detail and make performance comparison with other existing search strategies and approaches on examples with varying complexity.

Model-based synthesis of reactive planning on-line testers for non-deterministic embedded systems

We describe a method and algorithm for model-based construction of an on-line reactive planning tester (RPT) for black-box testing of embedded systems specified by non-deterministic extended finite state machine (EFSM) models. The key idea of RPT lies in off-line learning of the System Under Test (SUT) model to prepare the data for efficient on-line reactive planning. A test purpose is attributed to the transitions of the SUT model by a set of Boolean conditions called traps. The result of the off-line analysis is a set of constraints used in on-line testing for guiding the SUT towards taking the moves represented by trap-labeled transitions in SUT model and generating required data for inputs. We demonstrate the results on a simple example and discuss the practical experiences of using the proposed method.

Specification of Hybrid Components of Control Systems

Abstract Stepwise refinement design strategy for control systems is described and the need for uniform commitment structures of specifications is motivated. A conceptual framework for sensor specifications is defined in tenns of a set of virtual inputs/outputs and abstraction functions on their value domains. Hybrid dynamics of sensors is characterized using a small set of generalized phases and phase transitions. Conceptual description is formalized using hybrid automata. For modeling the degradation of dependability and trustiness of sensors, an aging function is introduced. Applicability of this approach is demonstrated on a real specification example - temperature sensor AD590KH.