Marline Abdassah

REVIEW ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS BIAYA TERAPI HIPERTENSI DARI BERBAGAI NEGARA

Hipertensi merupakan salah satu faktor resiko utama untuk Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK) dan stroke. Dengan prevalensi pengidap hipertensi di dunia yang meningkat dengan pesat, maka perlunya peningkatan efektivitas terapi hipertensi. Salah satu hal yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkannya adalah dengan menganalisis pedoman terapi hipertensi dan golongan-golongan obatnya dalam aspek farmakoekonomi, yaitu Analisis Efektivitas Biaya. Dari enam data studi literatur di berbagai negara, yaitu Amerika Serikat, Jerman, Afrika Selatan, Serbia, Indonesia dan Brazil, maka dapat diketahui bahwa tiap pedoman terapi hipertensi serta obat-obatan menghasilkan efektivitas dan biaya yang berbeda-beda. Tetapi secara umum setiap pedoman terapi hipertensi merupakan highly cost effective karena ICER kurang dari GDP tiap negara, dan golongan obat antihipertensi dengan efektivitas biaya terbaik adalah golongan Diuretik. Hypertension is a major risk factor for Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) and stroke. With the prevalence of people with hypertension in the world that increase rapidly, therefore, we need to improve the effectiveness of treatment for hypertension. One thing that we can do to improve it is by analyzing the hypertension treatment guidelines and drug factions in Pharmacoeconomics aspects, which is Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. By six data from the study of literature in various countries, the United States, Germany, South Africa, Serbia, Indonesia and Brazil, it is known that each of hypertension treatment guidelines and medicines create a different effectiveness and costs. But generally every guidelines for treatment of hypertension is highly cost effective because ICER less than the GDP of each country, and antihypertensive drug classes with the best cost-effectiveness is a class of diuretics.

KO-KRISTAL DI BIDANG FARMASI : REVIEW JURNAL

Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) are developing rapidly, one of the recent development is cocrystal. Cocrystal is a crystalline structure composed of multicomponent, such as atom, ion, or molecule, that are bonded by non-covalent bond. Cocrystal is solid at ambient temperature in its pure form. Cocrystals are made by combining active ingredients with its coformer using variety of method, like solubilisation as well as grinding. Cocrystalization has proven to alter physicochemical properties of drugs, including solubility, dissolution, stability, compressibility, which also alter its bioavailability without the change on its pharmacological effects.