Márta Csabai

A randomised trial to demonstrate the effectiveness of electronic messages on sun protection behaviours

Message exposure is effective at changing a variety of health behaviours. Our aim was to improve sun protection habits of a volunteer sample. We conducted a randomised, non-blinded, investigator-initiated trial (from 1st June to 31st August in 2011) on the effect of an electronic text-message system on sun protection behaviours. The assessments of 149 healthy volunteer participants took place at the Clinical Department of Dermatology and Allergology at the University of Szeged in Hungary. Psychological and medical assessments were also made. Total motivation scores for adherence to sunscreen use improved at a nearly significant level (t=-1.954, p=0.054). The intervention group used sunscreens more often than the other groups according to their sun exposure diaries (F=8.173, p<0.05) and their interview results (F=3.44, p<0.05). Using electronic messages offers an effective method to improve sun protection behaviours. Our intervention is a cost-effective method and it can easily be implemented at worksites.

The role of body image integrity and posttraumatic growth in kidney transplantation: A 3-year longitudinal study

The aim of this study was to explore the role of body image, posttraumatic growth, and emotional state in recovery after transplantation. A total of 53 kidney transplant patients were assessed using our Self-Test and Organ Drawing Test, the Spielberger Anxiety Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory in a 3-year follow-up. Logistic regression analysis showed that lower levels of integrity of the body image and posttraumatic growth, and higher pre-discharge serum creatinine levels were significant predictors of graft rejection. Our results suggest that the integrity of the body image and posttraumatic growth might contribute to better health outcomes in organ transplantation.

Psychological rejection of the transplanted organ and graft dysfunction in kidney transplant patients

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Medical students on the stage: An experimental performative method for the development of relational skills

Background: Development of therapeutic relational skills is a relatively neglected area of medical education. Conventional teaching techniques are mostly unsuitable for the realization of experience-based learning. Aims: To develop a training method which enables lived self-experiences of the therapeutic relationship in class. To help students understand that illness and the doctor–patient relationship are integrated in the network of life histories and other relationships. Methods: Our Integrated Performative Action Method is based on the elaboration of a short story of an illness in a student group. Through the 5 phases of the process, students write their own version of the story, build up characters, scenarios and enact the play. We have tested the method with 6 groups of students (n = 70) in a 10-week course. Video-recordings and minutes of sessions were analysed by two independent observers. Results: Through elaborating the characters and playing the roles, students could speak about their own problems and act out feelings in the name of the characters. All groups had strong involvement throughout the process. Conclusions: The method helps to experience the ways in which therapeutic relationships and professional identities are constructed, reflected upon and communicated in a group of medical students.

„Hogy minden beteg megértse!” – Az egészségműveltség (health literacy) mérése Magyarországon

Absztrakt Bevezetes: A gyogyitas sikeresseget meghatarozza, hogy a beteg erti-e es megfelelően hasznalja-e az orvosi informaciokat. Ezt jelentős mertekben befolyasolja az ugynevezett „health literacy” (egeszsegműveltseg). Celkitűzes: A tanulmany az egyik legelterjedtebb funkcionalis egeszsegműveltseget merő eszkoz, a Short-Test of Functional Health Literacy, valamint egy előszűrő teszt (Chew-kerdesek) magyar adaptaciojat mutatja be. Modszer: 302 fős felnőttmintan vettek fel a celkerdőivet egy nagyobb tesztbatteria reszekent, amelyben szerepelt a szamolasi keszsegeket merő Newest Vital Sign teszt is. Eredmenyek: A Short-Test of Functional Health Literacy olvasott szovegertesi resz belső konzisztenciaja kimagasloan jo, a Chew-kerdeseke elfogadhato, a szamolasi resze azonban alacsony megbizhatosagu. A celkerdőiv egeszsegműveltsegi szintjeinek magyar eloszlasa illeszkedik mas europai felmeresek adataihoz. A problemas egeszsegműveltseg kategoriaba kerulesre a 65 ev felettiek es az altalanos iskolai vegzettsegű...

Az orvosi pszichológia fejlődése hazánkban: szemléleti keretek, határterületek és alkalmazások

The present study aims at overviewing the different stages of the education of medical psychology in Hungary. In the perspective of the achievements of cognitive and affective neuroscience as well as developmental psychology, we intend to define the roots of doctor-patient relationship, certain determining factors of diagnosis forming and therapy efficiency as well as the essential components of empathy. We attest to the fact that the current psychosomatic medicine with its evidence-based achievements is a valid component and constitutive pillar of everyday medical care. The integrated university level instruction of medical psychology and behavioral sciences aims at consolidating this perspective. We also emphasize that the ill body hinders adequate psychological functioning and mental disorders provide risk factors concerning somatic illnesses. Through spreading health psychology perspective, we support the concept that in everyday medical care, health protection and the development of health conscious behavior relies on responsible, informed and committed decision-making patients as well as on similarly educated extended medical care teams. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(36): 1455-1464.

Az esettanulmány tudománytörténeti változásai és dilemmái

A tanulmany azt mutatja be, hogy milyen tenyezők jarultak hozza ahhoz, hogy manapsag az esettanulmany reneszanszat fi gyelhetjuk meg kulonboző tudomanyteruleteken. Tobb oldalrol kivanja alatamaszta...

Konfliktustípusok és konfliktuskezelés magyar egészségügyi dolgozók körében

Absztrakt: Bevezetes: Az egeszsegugyi dolgozok egymas kozti kommunikacioja, konfliktuskezelese, a megfelelő egyuttműkodes kiemelkedően fontos a betegellatas sikeressegeben. Celkitűzes: A bemutatott kutatas egy nemzetkozi osszehasonlito felmeres resze. A vizsgalat celja, hogy felterkepezze az egeszsegugyi dolgozok koreben felmerulő konfliktusokat. Modszer: A magyar felmeresben 73 egeszsegugyi dolgozoval vettunk fel felig strukturalt interjukat a nemzetkozi interjuprotokoll szerint, amely soran munkahelyi konfliktushelyzetek elmeselesere kertuk a resztvevőket. 30 interjut (15 orvos es 15 nőver) Atlas.ti 7 kvalitativ szoftverelemző programmal elemeztunk. A konfliktustorteneteket negy fő kategoria menten vizsgaltuk, ezek a kovetkezők: a konfliktusok forrasai, tipusai, hatasai es a hasznalt konfliktuskezelesi strategiak. Eredmenyek: Az interjukbol megismerhető az egeszsegugyben reszt vevők munkahelyi konfliktusokkal kapcsolatos szemelyes tapasztalata. Kiemelendő a hierarchia es az implicit munkaszervezes jelen...INTRODUCTION Efficient communication, conflict management and cooperation are the key factors of a successful patient care. AIM This study is part of an international comparative research. The aim of this study is to unfold conflicts among healthcare workers. METHOD 73 healthcare workers were interviewed using a standardized interview protocol. The in-person interviews used the critical incident method. 30 interviews (15 doctors, 15 nurses) were analysed with the Atlas.ti 7 content analysis software. The sources, types, effects of conflicts and conflict management strategies were investigated. RESULTS The content analysis unfolded the specificities of conflicts in healthcare based on personal experiences. Organizational hierarchy was a substantial source of conflict, especially among physicians, which originates from implicit rules. As a result of the avoiding conflict management the conflicts remain partly unresolved which has negative individual and group effect. CONCLUSIONS Our conceptual framework helps to develop a proper intervention specific to healthcare. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(16), 625-632.

Associations Between a Sedentary Lifestyle and Negative Mood State and the Risk of Breast Cancer

Objective: The highly stressful nature of the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer and the painful surgical procedures lead to a series of psychological problems among patients. Our primary aim was to examine the effect of pre- and postoperative psychological characteristics on postoperative pain, quality of life, and survival among women with breast cancer. Our secondary aim was to determine whether physical activity and positive emotions would decrease the size of the tumor among women with breast cancer. Methods: The study involved 90 breast cancer patients from the surgery clinic at the University of Szeged, Hungary. We tested patients with a combination of five instruments, before and after surgery: Spielberger’s State and Trait Anxiety Scale, Beck’s Depression Scale, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—Breast Cancer Scale (FACT-B), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), and Visual Analog Pain Scale (VAS). Futhermore, we assessed the physical activity of patients. Results: Anxiety disorders were present in 52% of women, 35% of the patients suffered from depression. Patients with higher perceived stress and anxiety had higher postoperative pain after surgery, which were associated with lower emotional, functional, and physical well-being and social support. Patients with lower physical activity had higher anxiety, depression, and perceived stress levels. Physical activity has been strongly linked to improved quality of life and decreased tumor size. Discussion: It seems that physical inactivity might reduce the chance for survival in women with breast cancer. Futhermore, the rates of psychosocial distress are very high. Our data present a challenge to clinical services to provide a comprehensive range of support services to reduce distress.

A pszichológiai reprezentációk szerepe a vesetranszplantációban. A Transzplantált Szerv Kérdőív magyar változatának reliabilitás- és validitásvizsgálata

Absztrakt Bevezetes: Interdiszciplinaris kutatasokkal igazoltak, hogy a betegek transzplantalt szervvel kapcsolatos reprezentacioi fontos szerepet jatszanak a szervatultetes sikeressegeben. Celkitűzes: A szerzők celja ezen reprezentaciok felmeresere kifejlesztett Transzplantalt Szerv Kerdőiv magyar valtozatanak validitas- es reliabilitasvizsgalata. Modszer: A keresztmetszeti vizsgalatban 151, vesetranszplantacion atesett paciens toltotte ki a kerdőivcsomagot, amely a Spielberger-fele Szorongas Kerdőivet, a Beck Depresszio Kerdőivet es a Poszttraumas Novekedeserzes Kerdőivet tartalmazta. A prediktiv validitas vizsgalata celjabol a szerum kreatininerteket rogzitettek. Eredmenyek: A kerdőiv belső megbizhatosaga (Cronbach-alfa = 0,89; 0,87; 0,80) es a teszt-reteszt megbizhatosaga kivalo. A konstruktumvaliditast vizsgalva kozepesen szoros osszefuggest talaltak a szorongas, a depresszio, a poszttraumas novekedes es a Transzplantalt Szerv Kerdőiv kozott. Tovabba igazolast nyert, hogy a „Pszichologiai rejekcio” s...